Matthew demonstrates that Jesus of Nazareth is the long-awaited Messiah, the king of Israel, who fulfills the Old Testament promises yet turns the expectation of his contemporaries on its head. The Gospel of Matthew shows how both Jewish and non-Jewish people fit together in God’s unfolding Kingdom. It challenges the reader to live with total commitment to Jesus Christ as king. Setting Matthew …
1Vinieron los fariseos y los saduceos para tentarle, y le pidieron que les mostrase señal del cielo.
2Mas él respondiendo, les dijo: Cuando anochece, decís: Buen tiempo; porque el cielo tiene arreboles.
3Y por la mañana: Hoy habrá tempestad; porque tiene arreboles el cielo nublado. ¡Hipócritas! Sabéis distinguir el aspecto del cielo, ¡mas las señales de los tiempos no podéis!
4La generación mala y adúltera demanda señal; pero señal no le será dada, sino la señal del profeta Jonás. Y dejándolos, se fue.
5Llegando sus discípulos al otro lado, se habían olvidado de traer pan.
6Y Jesús les dijo: Mirad, guardaos de la levadura de los fariseos y de los saduceos.
7Ellos pensaban dentro de sí, diciendo: Esto dice porque no trajimos pan.
8Y entendiéndolo Jesús, les dijo: ¿Por qué pensáis dentro de vosotros, hombres de poca fe, que no tenéis pan?
9¿No entendéis aún, ni os acordáis de los cinco panes entre cinco mil hombres, y cuántas cestas recogisteis?
10¿Ni de los siete panes entre cuatro mil, y cuántas canastas recogisteis?
11¿Cómo es que no entendéis que no fue por el pan que os dije que os guardaseis de la levadura de los fariseos y de los saduceos?
12Entonces entendieron que no les había dicho que se guardasen de la levadura del pan, sino de la doctrina de los fariseos y de los saduceos.
13Viniendo Jesús a la región de Cesarea de Filipo, preguntó a sus discípulos, diciendo: ¿Quién dicen los hombres que es el Hijo del Hombre?
14Ellos dijeron: Unos, Juan el Bautista; otros, Elías; y otros, Jeremías, o alguno de los profetas.
15Él les dijo: Y vosotros, ¿quién decís que soy yo?
16Respondiendo Simón Pedro, dijo: Tú eres el Cristo, el Hijo del Dios viviente.
17Entonces le respondió Jesús: Bienaventurado eres, Simón, hijo de Jonás, porque no te lo reveló carne ni sangre, sino mi Padre que está en los cielos.
18Y yo también te digo, que tú eres Pedro, y sobre esta roca edificaré mi iglesia; y las puertas del Hades no prevalecerán contra ella.
19Y a ti te daré las llaves del reino de los cielos; y todo lo que atares en la tierra será atado en los cielos; y todo lo que desatares en la tierra será desatado en los cielos.
20Entonces mandó a sus discípulos que a nadie dijesen que él era Jesús el Cristo.
21Desde entonces comenzó Jesús a declarar a sus discípulos que le era necesario ir a Jerusalén y padecer mucho de los ancianos, de los principales sacerdotes y de los escribas; y ser muerto, y resucitar al tercer día.
22Entonces Pedro, tomándolo aparte, comenzó a reconvenirle, diciendo: Señor, ten compasión de ti; en ninguna manera esto te acontezca.
23Pero él, volviéndose, dijo a Pedro: ¡Quítate de delante de mí, Satanás!; me eres tropiezo, porque no pones la mira en las cosas de Dios, sino en las de los hombres.
24Entonces Jesús dijo a sus discípulos: Si alguno quiere venir en pos de mí, niéguese a sí mismo, y tome su cruz, y sígame.
25Porque todo el que quiera salvar su vida, la perderá; y todo el que pierda su vida por causa de mí, la hallará.
26Porque ¿qué aprovechará al hombre, si ganare todo el mundo, y perdiere su alma? ¿O qué recompensa dará el hombre por su alma?
27Porque el Hijo del Hombre vendrá en la gloria de su Padre con sus ángeles, y entonces pagará a cada uno conforme a sus obras.
28De cierto os digo que hay algunos de los que están aquí, que no gustarán la muerte, hasta que hayan visto al Hijo del Hombre viniendo en su reino.
TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES
I
Versículo 1
I. 16:1-12 Having been warmly received in the Gentile world, Jesus returned to his fellow countrymen…
16:1-12 Having been warmly received in the Gentile world, Jesus returned to his fellow countrymen only to encounter further rejection.
II
Versículo 2
II. 16:2-3 Jesus made a deliberate play on their words when they sought a “sign from heaven” (16:1). …
16:2-3 Jesus made a deliberate play on their words when they sought a “sign from heaven” (16:1). They were able to read the weather in the sky (Greek ouranos, the same word translated “heaven”), but they failed to discern the Messiah despite the many signs already given (see 11:1-6).
III
Versículo 3
III. 16:3 The signs of the times were Jesus himself (16:4) and the various miracles that he performed …
16:3 The signs of the times were Jesus himself (16:4) and the various miracles that he performed (cp. 11:2-6; 12:28).
IV
Versículo 9
IV. 16:9-10 Jesus had demonstrated to his disciples that he is the true bread of life (15:32-39; John…
16:9-10 Jesus had demonstrated to his disciples that he is the true bread of life (15:32-39; John 6:35, 48), whereas the Jewish leaders, particularly in their teachings, were like yeast in permeating everything they touched with their sinfulness (see study note on Matt 16:11-12).
V
Versículo 11
V. 16:11-12 Yeast is often a symbol of sin and evil (see Exod 12:8, 15; Lev 6:16-17; Gal 5:9); here …
16:11-12 Yeast is often a symbol of sin and evil (see Exod 12:8, 15; Lev 6:16-17; Gal 5:9); here it indicates the permeating nature of the deceptive teaching.
VI
Versículo 13
VI. 16:13 Caesarea Philippi, located approximately twenty-five miles north of Capernaum, hosted many …
16:13 Caesarea Philippi, located approximately twenty-five miles north of Capernaum, hosted many shrines to the Roman god of nature, Pan.
VII
Versículo 14
VII. 16:14 Some, such as Herod Antipas (14:1-2), thought Jesus was John the Baptist resurrected. • Eli…
16:14 Some, such as Herod Antipas (14:1-2), thought Jesus was John the Baptist resurrected. • Elijah was expected as a forerunner to the Messiah (11:14; 17:10-12; Mal 3:1; 4:5-6). • Jeremiah or one of the other prophets: Some Jews expected Jeremiah to be raised (see 2 Maccabees 15:13-16). Jesus’ strong stand on sensitive matters (Matt 5:17; 15:1-20) may have led some to think Jesus was Jeremiah. Jesus was not yet understood as God’s Messiah.
VIII
Versículo 16
VIII. 16:16 Peter’s acknowledgment of Jesus as the Messiah, the Son of the living God (3:17) shows that…
16:16 Peter’s acknowledgment of Jesus as the Messiah, the Son of the living God (3:17) shows that his eyes had been opened by faith (see 11:25-27; 14:33; 27:54).
IX
Versículo 17
IX. 16:17 God revealed to Peter his plan of salvation in Jesus, the Messiah. This moment of revelatio…
16:17 God revealed to Peter his plan of salvation in Jesus, the Messiah. This moment of revelation was a high point in the unfolding of God’s will for humanity (cp. Gal 1:16; 3:23; Eph 3:5).
X
Versículo 18
X. 16:18 The phrase upon this rock is a pun on Peter’s name. Peter was the foundational rock in that…
16:18 The phrase upon this rock is a pun on Peter’s name. Peter was the foundational rock in that he was the first confessor and leader of the apostles—he was the “founding member” of the church (see Eph 2:20-22; Rev 21:14). Some scholars have suggested that Jesus was referring to himself when he said this rock, but it seems clear that Jesus was referring either to Peter or to his confession. However, it is clearly Jesus’ church (my church), not Peter’s, and Jesus himself will build it. So it is not necessary to conclude that later church leaders must derive their authority from Peter. • Matthew is the only Gospel writer who uses the term church (also Matt 18:17). The idea here is more the community of God’s people than an ecclesiastical institution. • will not conquer it: The church will not be defeated by the attacks of Satan (see 11:12; 13:24-30, 36-43).
XI
Versículo 19
XI. 16:19 Keys are an image for access to privileged knowledge that gives one authority (see 13:16-17…
16:19 Keys are an image for access to privileged knowledge that gives one authority (see 13:16-17; 23:13; Isa 22:22; Rev 3:7). • forbid . . . permit: Jesus granted to Peter (and later to the rest of the Twelve, Matt 18:18) the authority to teach the will of God as revealed in Jesus Christ (13:52; 18:15-20; 23:2-12; 28:16-20). • will be: This could be translated will have been, emphasizing that God’s sovereign decision comes first.
XII
Versículo 21
XII. 16:21-28 Jesus, now officially recognized by his disciples as the Messiah, begins to reveal a sta…
16:21-28 Jesus, now officially recognized by his disciples as the Messiah, begins to reveal a startling aspect of his mission: He must suffer before entering his glory (16:21-23), and those who follow him will meet a similar fate (16:24-28).
16:21 This is the first of three predictions of Jesus’ passion—his suffering through betrayal, crucifixion, and death (see also 17:22-23; 20:18-19). Each prediction gives a lesson on the cost of discipleship (16:24-27; 20:20-28). • That he would suffer was God’s sovereign and necessary purpose for the Messiah (see 17:12).
XIII
Versículo 22
XIII. 16:22 began to reprimand him: Though Peter accurately perceived Jesus’ identity as God’s Messiah,…
16:22 began to reprimand him: Though Peter accurately perceived Jesus’ identity as God’s Messiah, he did not understand that the Messiah must suffer.
XIV
Versículo 23
XIV. 16:23 As when Satan tempted Jesus to assume royal privileges without first enduring the cross (se…
16:23 As when Satan tempted Jesus to assume royal privileges without first enduring the cross (see 4:8-10), so now Jesus perceived Peter’s suggestion as incited by satanic forces. • dangerous trap: Literally stumbling block.
XV
Versículo 24
XV. 16:24 give . . . take . . . follow: These three imperatives use different images to speak of the …
16:24 give . . . take . . . follow: These three imperatives use different images to speak of the same radical commitment of confessing one’s sinfulness before God in humility, surrendering one’s personal ambition to God, and living according to his will (see also 5:20; 10:34-39; 18:1-5; 20:20-28). • Take up your cross is a metaphor for devotion (see Luke 9:23) rather than a call to martyrdom, although martyrdom is an ever-present possibility for Jesus’ disciples (Matt 5:10-12; 10:21). • In Matthew, follow is used both literally (9:19; 26:58) and metaphorically. Metaphorically, it indicates interest in a teacher (4:25; 8:1, 10; 12:15; 14:13; 19:2; 20:29; 21:9) or personal allegiance to Jesus involving a call, a commitment, and great ongoing costs (4:20, 22; 8:19, 22-23; 9:9; 10:38; 16:24; 19:21, 27).
16
Versículo 25
16. 16:25 Jesus’ disciples must relinquish control of their lives, even to the point of being willing…
16:25 Jesus’ disciples must relinquish control of their lives, even to the point of being willing to suffer and die for Christ. Jesus promised that those who follow him with such radical abandon, though they may suffer now, will be vindicated at the final judgment (see 1 Pet 2:23).
17
Versículo 26
17. 16:26 your own soul? “Soul” and “life” (16:25) both translate the same Greek term (psuchē) and re…
16:26 your own soul? “Soul” and “life” (16:25) both translate the same Greek term (psuchē) and refer to the essence of a person—the self.
18
Versículo 27
18. 16:27 The exhortation to deny oneself and follow Jesus is rooted in the fact that Jesus will retu…
16:27 The exhortation to deny oneself and follow Jesus is rooted in the fact that Jesus will return to judge all people according to their deeds (see 19:28; 24:29-31; 25:31; Ps 62:12; Prov 24:12).
19
Versículo 28
19. 16:28 This saying has been taken to refer either to (1) the transfiguration that follows (17:1-13…
16:28 This saying has been taken to refer either to (1) the transfiguration that follows (17:1-13); (2) the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ (27:50-53; 28:1-10); (3) Pentecost (Acts 2:1-47); (4) the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70 (Matt 24:1-31); (5) the second coming of Christ in the future (24:29-31); or (6) an unfolding revelation of God’s Kingdom in various ways, including the evangelism of the world. In the fourth view, coming would mean “coming in judgment” upon sinful Israel. • The expression Son of Man (16:27-28) forms an inclusio (bracketing expression) with 16:13, unifying 16:13-28 around the theme of the identity of the Son of Man. He is the Messiah who would suffer and then be exalted by God and return as Judge.
Nuevo Testamento
Matthew — Capítulo 16
Matthew demonstrates that Jesus of Nazareth is the long-awaited Messiah, the king of Israel, who fulfills the Old Testament promises yet turns the expectation of his contemporaries on its head. The Gospel of Matthew shows how both Jewish and non-Jewish people fit together in God’s unfolding Kingdom. It challenges the reader to live with total commitment to Jesus Christ as king. Setting Matthew …
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Vinieron los fariseos y los saduceos para tentarle, y le pidieron que les mostrase señal del cielo.
2Mas él respondiendo, les dijo: Cuando anochece, decís: Buen tiempo; porque el cielo tiene arreboles.
3Y por la mañana: Hoy habrá tempestad; porque tiene arreboles el cielo nublado. ¡Hipócritas! Sabéis distinguir el aspecto del cielo, ¡mas las señales de los tiempos no podéis!
4La generación mala y adúltera demanda señal; pero señal no le será dada, sino la señal del profeta Jonás. Y dejándolos, se fue.
5Llegando sus discípulos al otro lado, se habían olvidado de traer pan.
6Y Jesús les dijo: Mirad, guardaos de la levadura de los fariseos y de los saduceos.
7Ellos pensaban dentro de sí, diciendo: Esto dice porque no trajimos pan.
8Y entendiéndolo Jesús, les dijo: ¿Por qué pensáis dentro de vosotros, hombres de poca fe, que no tenéis pan?
9¿No entendéis aún, ni os acordáis de los cinco panes entre cinco mil hombres, y cuántas cestas recogisteis?
10¿Ni de los siete panes entre cuatro mil, y cuántas canastas recogisteis?
11¿Cómo es que no entendéis que no fue por el pan que os dije que os guardaseis de la levadura de los fariseos y de los saduceos?
12Entonces entendieron que no les había dicho que se guardasen de la levadura del pan, sino de la doctrina de los fariseos y de los saduceos.
13Viniendo Jesús a la región de Cesarea de Filipo, preguntó a sus discípulos, diciendo: ¿Quién dicen los hombres que es el Hijo del Hombre?
14Ellos dijeron: Unos, Juan el Bautista; otros, Elías; y otros, Jeremías, o alguno de los profetas.
15Él les dijo: Y vosotros, ¿quién decís que soy yo?
16Respondiendo Simón Pedro, dijo: Tú eres el Cristo, el Hijo del Dios viviente.
17Entonces le respondió Jesús: Bienaventurado eres, Simón, hijo de Jonás, porque no te lo reveló carne ni sangre, sino mi Padre que está en los cielos.
18Y yo también te digo, que tú eres Pedro, y sobre esta roca edificaré mi iglesia; y las puertas del Hades no prevalecerán contra ella.
19Y a ti te daré las llaves del reino de los cielos; y todo lo que atares en la tierra será atado en los cielos; y todo lo que desatares en la tierra será desatado en los cielos.
20Entonces mandó a sus discípulos que a nadie dijesen que él era Jesús el Cristo.
21Desde entonces comenzó Jesús a declarar a sus discípulos que le era necesario ir a Jerusalén y padecer mucho de los ancianos, de los principales sacerdotes y de los escribas; y ser muerto, y resucitar al tercer día.
22Entonces Pedro, tomándolo aparte, comenzó a reconvenirle, diciendo: Señor, ten compasión de ti; en ninguna manera esto te acontezca.
23Pero él, volviéndose, dijo a Pedro: ¡Quítate de delante de mí, Satanás!; me eres tropiezo, porque no pones la mira en las cosas de Dios, sino en las de los hombres.
24Entonces Jesús dijo a sus discípulos: Si alguno quiere venir en pos de mí, niéguese a sí mismo, y tome su cruz, y sígame.
25Porque todo el que quiera salvar su vida, la perderá; y todo el que pierda su vida por causa de mí, la hallará.
26Porque ¿qué aprovechará al hombre, si ganare todo el mundo, y perdiere su alma? ¿O qué recompensa dará el hombre por su alma?
27Porque el Hijo del Hombre vendrá en la gloria de su Padre con sus ángeles, y entonces pagará a cada uno conforme a sus obras.
28De cierto os digo que hay algunos de los que están aquí, que no gustarán la muerte, hasta que hayan visto al Hijo del Hombre viniendo en su reino.
TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES
Versículo 1
I. 16:1-12 Having been warmly received in the Gentile world, Jesus returned to his fellow countrymen…
Versículo 2
II. 16:2-3 Jesus made a deliberate play on their words when they sought a “sign from heaven” (16:1). …
Versículo 3
III. 16:3 The signs of the times were Jesus himself (16:4) and the various miracles that he performed …
Versículo 9
IV. 16:9-10 Jesus had demonstrated to his disciples that he is the true bread of life (15:32-39; John…
Versículo 11
V. 16:11-12 Yeast is often a symbol of sin and evil (see Exod 12:8, 15; Lev 6:16-17; Gal 5:9); here …
Versículo 13
VI. 16:13 Caesarea Philippi, located approximately twenty-five miles north of Capernaum, hosted many …
Versículo 14
VII. 16:14 Some, such as Herod Antipas (14:1-2), thought Jesus was John the Baptist resurrected. • Eli…
Versículo 16
VIII. 16:16 Peter’s acknowledgment of Jesus as the Messiah, the Son of the living God (3:17) shows that…
Versículo 17
IX. 16:17 God revealed to Peter his plan of salvation in Jesus, the Messiah. This moment of revelatio…
Versículo 18
X. 16:18 The phrase upon this rock is a pun on Peter’s name. Peter was the foundational rock in that…
Versículo 19
XI. 16:19 Keys are an image for access to privileged knowledge that gives one authority (see 13:16-17…
Versículo 21
XII. 16:21-28 Jesus, now officially recognized by his disciples as the Messiah, begins to reveal a sta…
Versículo 22
XIII. 16:22 began to reprimand him: Though Peter accurately perceived Jesus’ identity as God’s Messiah,…
Versículo 23
XIV. 16:23 As when Satan tempted Jesus to assume royal privileges without first enduring the cross (se…
Versículo 24
XV. 16:24 give . . . take . . . follow: These three imperatives use different images to speak of the …
Versículo 25
16. 16:25 Jesus’ disciples must relinquish control of their lives, even to the point of being willing…
Versículo 26
17. 16:26 your own soul? “Soul” and “life” (16:25) both translate the same Greek term (psuchē) and re…
Versículo 27
18. 16:27 The exhortation to deny oneself and follow Jesus is rooted in the fact that Jesus will retu…
Versículo 28
19. 16:28 This saying has been taken to refer either to (1) the transfiguration that follows (17:1-13…