Antiguo Testamento

1 Samuel — Capítulo 7

The right leadership can give people a sense of safety when neighboring nations are hostile. In Samuel’s time, Israel faced external threats and internal discord, and the judges only provided a fleeting sense of security. Israel wanted a king. The book of 1 Samuel records Israel’s transition from a federation of tribes to a centralized kingdom. Saul, Israel’s first king, did not remain faithful…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Vinieron los de Quiriat-jearim y llevaron el arca de Jehová, y la pusieron en casa de Abinadab, situada en el collado; y santificaron a Eleazar su hijo para que guardase el arca de Jehová.

2Desde el día que llegó el arca a Quiriat-jearim pasaron muchos días, veinte años; y toda la casa de Israel lamentaba en pos de Jehová.

3Habló Samuel a toda la casa de Israel, diciendo: Si de todo vuestro corazón os volvéis a Jehová, quitad los dioses ajenos y a Astarot de entre vosotros, y preparad vuestro corazón a Jehová, y solo a él servid, y os librará de la mano de los filisteos.

4Entonces los hijos de Israel quitaron a los baales y a Astarot, y sirvieron solo a Jehová.

5Y Samuel dijo: Reunid a todo Israel en Mizpa, y yo oraré por vosotros a Jehová.

6Y se reunieron en Mizpa, y sacaron agua, y la derramaron delante de Jehová, y ayunaron aquel día, y dijeron allí: Contra Jehová hemos pecado. Y juzgó Samuel a los hijos de Israel en Mizpa.

7Cuando oyeron los filisteos que los hijos de Israel estaban reunidos en Mizpa, subieron los príncipes de los filisteos contra Israel; y al oír esto los hijos de Israel, tuvieron temor de los filisteos.

8Entonces dijeron los hijos de Israel a Samuel: No ceses de clamar por nosotros a Jehová nuestro Dios, para que nos guarde de la mano de los filisteos.

9Y Samuel tomó un cordero de leche y lo sacrificó entero en holocausto a Jehová; y clamó Samuel a Jehová por Israel, y Jehová le oyó.

10Y aconteció que mientras Samuel sacrificaba el holocausto, los filisteos llegaron para pelear con los hijos de Israel. Mas Jehová tronó aquel día con gran estruendo sobre los filisteos, y los atemorizó, y fueron vencidos delante de Israel.

11Y saliendo los hijos de Israel de Mizpa, siguieron a los filisteos, hiriéndolos hasta abajo de Bet-car.

12Tomó luego Samuel una piedra y la puso entre Mizpa y Sen, y le puso por nombre Eben-ezer, diciendo: Hasta aquí nos ayudó Jehová.

13Así fueron sometidos los filisteos, y no volvieron más a entrar en el territorio de Israel; y la mano de Jehová estuvo contra los filisteos todos los días de Samuel.

14Y fueron restituidas a los hijos de Israel las ciudades que los filisteos habían tomado a los israelitas, desde Ecrón hasta Gat; e Israel libró su territorio de mano de los filisteos. Y hubo paz entre Israel y el amorreo.

15Y juzgó Samuel a Israel todo el tiempo que vivió.

16Y todos los años iba y daba vuelta a Bet-el, a Gilgal y a Mizpa, y juzgaba a Israel en todos estos lugares.

17Después volvía a Ramá, porque allí estaba su casa, y allí juzgaba a Israel; y edificó allí un altar a Jehová.

TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES

Versículo 1

I. 7:1 The men of Kiriath-jearim who transported the Ark and Eleazar were probably Levites (see 6:15…

7:1 The men of Kiriath-jearim who transported the Ark and Eleazar were probably Levites (see 6:15; Num 1:47-51). • in charge of it: The same verb describes the Levites’ duty of guarding the Tabernacle (Num 1:53; 3:7).

Versículo 2

II. 7:2 Twenty years covers the time until Samuel assembled the people at Mizpah (7:5-6). David later…

7:2 Twenty years covers the time until Samuel assembled the people at Mizpah (7:5-6). David later brought the Ark to Jerusalem (2 Sam 6:1-19).

Versículo 3

III. 7:3-10 The change in the people’s standing with God, not the presence of the Ark (see 4:3-11), le…

7:3-10 The change in the people’s standing with God, not the presence of the Ark (see 4:3-11), led Israel to victory against the Philistines. 7:3 People cannot expect God’s blessing unless they get rid of what is contrary to his will (see Gen 35:2; Josh 24:14). • Ashtoreth was the Canaanite goddess of fertility associated with Baal (1 Sam 7:4). Worship of Canaanite deities was an ongoing problem throughout Israel’s history. The people started worshiping idols during the twenty-year period mentioned in 7:2, or perhaps they had done so ever since the days of the judges (8:8; Judg 6:25; cp. Amos 5:25-26). Israel’s devastating defeat by the Philistines was due not only to the sins of Eli’s two sons but to several generations of unfaithfulness to God.

Versículo 5

IV. 7:5 Mizpah was an administrative center and rallying point for the nation (see 7:16; 10:17; Judg …

7:5 Mizpah was an administrative center and rallying point for the nation (see 7:16; 10:17; Judg 20:1). • I will pray . . . for you: Eli’s question in 1 Sam 2:25 is answered here; Samuel was the intercessor Israel needed.

Versículo 6

V. 7:6 drew water . . . poured it out: This type of ceremony is not mentioned elsewhere in the Old T…

7:6 drew water . . . poured it out: This type of ceremony is not mentioned elsewhere in the Old Testament. • At times Israelites went without food to express grief or to seek the Lord’s favor (2 Sam 1:12; 12:22-23; 1 Kgs 21:27; Ezra 8:21-23; Neh 9:1; Esth 4:3, 16; Joel 2:12; cp. Luke 2:37; Acts 13:2-3; 14:23). • To have Samuel as Israel’s judge was refreshing compared to Eli’s failed leadership (see 1 Sam 4:18 and corresponding study note) and the leadership of some other judges (e.g., Gideon, Judg 8:22-27; Jephthah, Judg 11:30–12:7; and Samson, Judg 13:1–16:21).

Versículo 9

VI. 7:9 The whole burnt offering was probably for forgiveness of sin (see Lev 1:1-4). • The Lord answ…

7:9 The whole burnt offering was probably for forgiveness of sin (see Lev 1:1-4). • The Lord answered with a forceful thunderclap (1 Sam 7:10).

Versículo 10

VII. 7:10 voice of thunder: See 2:10. God often used similar tactics to throw Israel’s enemies into co…

7:10 voice of thunder: See 2:10. God often used similar tactics to throw Israel’s enemies into confusion and defeat them (e.g., Exod 14:24; 23:27; Josh 10:10; Judg 4:15).

Versículo 12

VIII. 7:12 Ebenezer: The location of this stone memorial is unknown. The Philistines had defeated Israe…

7:12 Ebenezer: The location of this stone memorial is unknown. The Philistines had defeated Israel and captured the Ark at a place with the same name (4:1; 5:1). Samuel erected this memorial to commemorate God’s help in turning the tide against the Philistine attacks.

Versículo 13

IX. 7:13 The Philistines were quiet for some time—until Saul became king (see 13:5). • God’s powerful…

7:13 The Philistines were quiet for some time—until Saul became king (see 13:5). • God’s powerful hand, not Samuel’s giftedness, was the key factor in Israel’s deliverance from the Philistines.

Versículo 14

X. 7:14 The Amorites had inhabited Canaan and the region east of the Jordan before Israel’s conquest…

7:14 The Amorites had inhabited Canaan and the region east of the Jordan before Israel’s conquest of the Promised Land (see Gen 15:16; Deut 3:8; Josh 2:10). Some Amorites remained in the area after the conquest (see 2 Sam 21:2).

Versículo 15

XI. 7:15 judge for the rest of his life: Once Saul became king (ch 10), Samuel’s role was more judici…

7:15 judge for the rest of his life: Once Saul became king (ch 10), Samuel’s role was more judicial than military.

Versículo 16

XII. 7:16 Bethel and Mizpah were places of national assembly in the judges era (Judg 20:1, 18, 26; 21:…

7:16 Bethel and Mizpah were places of national assembly in the judges era (Judg 20:1, 18, 26; 21:1-2). Bethel’s significance went back to the days of Abraham (Gen 12:8; 13:3-4; 28:10-22; 35:1-15). • Gilgal, located near Jericho, had been a sacred place since Joshua’s day (Josh 4:19-24; 5:2-10). From this circuit, Samuel influenced “all the people of Israel” (1 Sam 10:17).

Versículo 17

XIII. 7:17 Ramah was Samuel’s hometown (see 1:1).

7:17 Ramah was Samuel’s hometown (see 1:1).

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1 Samuel — Capítulo 7