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Luke — Capítulo 13

THE LESSON, "REPENT OR PERISH," SUGGESTED BY TWO RECENT INCIDENTS, AND ILLUSTRATED BY THE PARABLE OF THE BARREN FIG TREE. (Luk 13:1-9) Galileans--possibly the followers of Judas of Galilee, who, some twenty years befo…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1En este mismo tiempo estaban allí algunos que le contaban acerca de los galileos cuya sangre Pilato había mezclado con los sacrificios de ellos.

2Respondiendo Jesús, les dijo: ¿Pensáis que estos galileos, porque padecieron tales cosas, eran más pecadores que todos los galileos?

3Os digo: No; antes si no os arrepentís, todos pereceréis igualmente.

4O aquellos dieciocho sobre los cuales cayó la torre en Siloé, y los mató, ¿pensáis que eran más culpables que todos los hombres que habitan en Jerusalén?

5Os digo: No; antes si no os arrepentís, todos pereceréis igualmente.

6Dijo también esta parábola: Tenía un hombre una higuera plantada en su viña, y vino a buscar fruto en ella, y no lo halló.

7Y dijo al viñador: He aquí, hace tres años que vengo a buscar fruto en esta higuera, y no lo hallo; córtala; ¿para qué inutiliza también la tierra?

8Él entonces, respondiendo, le dijo: Señor, déjala todavía este año, hasta que yo cave alrededor de ella, y la abone.

9Y si diere fruto, bien; y si no, la cortarás después.

10Enseñaba Jesús en una sinagoga en el día de reposo;

11y había allí una mujer que desde hacía dieciocho años tenía espíritu de enfermedad, y andaba encorvada, y en ninguna manera se podía enderezar.

12Cuando Jesús la vio, la llamó y le dijo: Mujer, eres libre de tu enfermedad.

13Y puso las manos sobre ella; y ella se enderezó luego, y glorificaba a Dios.

14Pero el principal de la sinagoga, enojado de que Jesús hubiese sanado en el día de reposo, dijo a la gente: Seis días hay en que se debe trabajar; en estos, pues, venid y sed sanados, y no en día de reposo.

15Entonces el Señor le respondió y dijo: Hipócrita, cada uno de vosotros ¿no desata en el día de reposo su buey o su asno del pesebre y lo lleva a beber?

16Y a esta hija de Abraham, que Satanás había atado dieciocho años, ¿no se le debía desatar de esta ligadura en el día de reposo?

17Al decir él estas cosas, se avergonzaban todos sus adversarios; pero todo el pueblo se regocijaba por todas las cosas gloriosas hechas por él.

18Y dijo: ¿A qué es semejante el reino de Dios, y con qué lo compararé?

19Es semejante al grano de mostaza, que un hombre tomó y sembró en su huerto; y creció, y se hizo árbol grande, y las aves del cielo anidaron en sus ramas.

20Y volvió a decir: ¿A qué compararé el reino de Dios?

21Es semejante a la levadura, que una mujer tomó y escondió en tres medidas de harina, hasta que todo hubo fermentado.

22Pasaba Jesús por ciudades y aldeas, enseñando, y encaminándose a Jerusalén.

23Y alguien le dijo: Señor, ¿son pocos los que se salvan? Y él les dijo:

24Esforzaos a entrar por la puerta angosta; porque os digo que muchos procurarán entrar, y no podrán.

25Después que el padre de familia se haya levantado y cerrado la puerta, y estando fuera empecéis a llamar a la puerta, diciendo: Señor, Señor, ábrenos, él respondiendo os dirá: No sé de dónde sois.

26Entonces comenzaréis a decir: Delante de ti hemos comido y bebido, y en nuestras plazas enseñaste.

27Pero os dirá: Os digo que no sé de dónde sois; apartaos de mí todos vosotros, hacedores de maldad.

28Allí será el llanto y el crujir de dientes, cuando veáis a Abraham, a Isaac, a Jacob y a todos los profetas en el reino de Dios, y vosotros estéis excluidos.

29Porque vendrán del oriente y del occidente, del norte y del sur, y se sentarán a la mesa en el reino de Dios.

30Y he aquí, hay postreros que serán primeros, y primeros que serán postreros.

31Aquel mismo día llegaron unos fariseos, diciéndole: Sal, y vete de aquí, porque Herodes te quiere matar.

32Y les dijo: Id, y decid a aquella zorra: He aquí, echo fuera demonios y hago curaciones hoy y mañana, y al tercer día termino mi obra.

33Sin embargo, es necesario que hoy y mañana y pasado mañana siga mi camino; porque no es posible que un profeta muera fuera de Jerusalén.

34¡Jerusalén, Jerusalén, que matas a los profetas, y apedreas a los que te son enviados! ¡Cuántas veces quise juntar a tus hijos, como la gallina a sus polluelos debajo de sus alas, y no quisiste!

35He aquí, vuestra casa os es dejada desierta; y os digo que no me veréis, hasta que llegue el tiempo en que digáis: Bendito el que viene en nombre del Señor.

JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY

Versículo 4

I. tower in Siloam--probably one of the towers of the city wall, near the pool of Siloam. Of its fal…

tower in Siloam--probably one of the towers of the city wall, near the pool of Siloam. Of its fall nothing is known.

Versículo 6

II. fig tree--Israel, as the visible witness of God in the world, but generally all within the pale o…

fig tree--Israel, as the visible witness of God in the world, but generally all within the pale of the visible Church of God; a familiar figure (compare Isa 5:1-7; Joh 15:1-8, &c.). vineyard--a spot selected for its fertility, separated from the surrounding fields, and cultivated with special care, with a view solely to fruit. came and sought fruit--a heart turned to God; the fruits of righteousness; compare Mat 21:33-34, and Isa 5:2, "He looked that it should bring forth fruit"; He has a right to it, and will require it.

Versículo 7

III. three years--a long enough trial for a fig tree, and so denoting probably just a sufficient perio…

three years--a long enough trial for a fig tree, and so denoting probably just a sufficient period of culture for spiritual fruit. The supposed allusion to the duration of our Lord's ministry is precarious. cut it down--indignant language. cumbereth--not only doing no good, but wasting ground.

Versículo 8

IV. he answering, &c.--Christ, as Intercessor, loath to see it cut down so long as there was any hope…

he answering, &c.--Christ, as Intercessor, loath to see it cut down so long as there was any hope (see Luk 13:34). dig, &c.--loosen the earth about it and enrich it with manure; pointing to changes of method in the divine treatment of the impenitent, in order to freshen spiritual culture.

Versículo 9

V. if . . . fruit, well--Genuine repentance, however late, avails to save (Luk 23:42-43).

if . . . fruit, well--Genuine repentance, however late, avails to save (Luk 23:42-43). after that, &c.--The final perdition of such as, after the utmost limits of reasonable forbearance, are found fruitless, will be pre-eminently and confessedly just (Pro 1:24-31; Eze 24:13).

Versículo 11

VI. WOMAN OF EIGHTEEN YEAR'S INFIRMITY HEALED ON THE SABBATH. (Luk 13:10-17)

WOMAN OF EIGHTEEN YEAR'S INFIRMITY HEALED ON THE SABBATH. (Luk 13:10-17) spirit of infirmity--Compare Luk 13:17, "whom Satan hath bound." From this it is probable, though not certain, that her protracted infirmity was the effect of some milder form of possession; yet she was "a daughter of Abraham," in the same gracious sense, no doubt, as Zaccheus, after his conversion, was "a son of Abraham" (Luk 19:9).

Versículo 12

VII. said . . . Woman . . . and laid--both at once.

said . . . Woman . . . and laid--both at once.

Versículo 14

VIII. with indignation--not so much at the sabbath violation as at the glorification of Christ. (Compar…

with indignation--not so much at the sabbath violation as at the glorification of Christ. (Compare Mat 21:15) [TRENCH]. said to the people--"Not daring directly to find fault with the Lord, he seeks circuitously to reach Him through the people, who were more under his influence, and whom he feared less" [TRENCH].

Versículo 15

IX. the Lord--(See on Luk 10:1).

the Lord--(See on Luk 10:1). hypocrite!--How "the faithful and true Witness" tears off the masks which men wear! his ox, &c.--(See on Mat 12:9-13; and Luk 6:9).

Versículo 16

X. ought not, &c.--How gloriously the Lord vindicates the superior claims of this woman, in consider…

ought not, &c.--How gloriously the Lord vindicates the superior claims of this woman, in consideration of the sadness and long duration of her suffering, and of her dignity notwithstanding, as an heir of the promise!

Versículo 18

XI. MISCELLANEOUS TEACHINGS. (Luk 13:18-30)

MISCELLANEOUS TEACHINGS. (Luk 13:18-30) mustard seed . . . leaven--(See on Mar 4:30-32). The parable of "the Leaven" sets forth, perhaps, rather the inward growth of the kingdom, while "the Mustard Seed" seems to point chiefly to the outward. It being a woman's work to knead, it seems a refinement to say that "the woman" here represents the Church, as the instrument of depositing the leaven. Nor does it yield much satisfaction to understand the "three measures of meal" of that threefold division of our nature into "spirit, soul, and body," (alluded to in Th1 5:23) or of the threefold partition of the world among the three sons of Noah (Gen 10:32), as some do. It yields more real satisfaction to see in this brief parable just the all-penetrating and assimilating quality of the Gospel, by virtue of which it will yet mould all institutions and tribes of men, and exhibit over the whole earth one "Kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ." (See on Rev 11:15).

Versículo 23

XII. Lord, &c.--one of those curious questions by talking of which some flatter themselves they are re…

Lord, &c.--one of those curious questions by talking of which some flatter themselves they are religious. said unto them--the multitude; taking no notice of the man or his question, save as furnishing the occasion of a solemn warning not to trifle with so momentous a matter as "salvation."

Versículo 24

XIII. Strive--The word signifies to "contend" as for the mastery, to "struggle," expressive of the diff…

Strive--The word signifies to "contend" as for the mastery, to "struggle," expressive of the difficulty of being saved, as if one would have to force his way in. strait gate--another figure of the same. (See on Mat 7:13-14). for many . . . will seek--"desire," that is, with a mere wish or slothful endeavor. and shall not be able--because it must be made a life-and-death struggle.

Versículo 25

XIV. master of the house is risen up and hath shut to the door--awfully sublime and vivid picture! At …

master of the house is risen up and hath shut to the door--awfully sublime and vivid picture! At present he is represented as in a sitting posture, as if calmly looking on to see who will "strive," while entrance is practicable, and who will merely "seek" to enter in. But this is to have an end, by the great Master of the house Himself rising and shutting the door, after which there will be no admittance. Lord, Lord--emphatic reduplication, expressive of the earnestness now felt, but too late. (See on Mat 7:21-22).

Versículo 26

XV. See on the similar passage (Mat 7:22-23).

See on the similar passage (Mat 7:22-23). eaten and drunk, &c.--We have sat with Thee at the same table. (See on Mat 7:22). taught in our streets--Do we not remember listening in our own streets to Thy teaching? Surely we are not to be denied admittance?

Versículo 27

16. But he shall say, &c.--(See on Mat 7:23). No nearness of external communion with Christ will avai…

But he shall say, &c.--(See on Mat 7:23). No nearness of external communion with Christ will avail at the great day, in place of that holiness without which no man shall see the Lord. Observe the style which Christ intimates that He will then assume, that of absolute Disposer of men's eternal destinies, and contrast it with His "despised and rejected" condition at that time.

Versículo 28

17. (See Mat 8:11-12). Also see on Mat 13:42.

(See Mat 8:11-12). Also see on Mat 13:42.

Versículo 31

18. MESSAGE TO HEROD. (Luk 13:31-35)

MESSAGE TO HEROD. (Luk 13:31-35) and depart hence--and "go forward," push on. He was on His way out of Perea, east of Jordan, and in Herod's dominions, "journeying towards Jerusalem" (Luk 13:22). Haunted by guilty fears, probably, Herod wanted to get rid of Him (see on Mar 6:14), and seems, from our Lord's answer, to have sent these Pharisees, under pretense of a friendly hint, to persuade Him that the sooner He got beyond Herod's jurisdiction the better it would be for His own safety. Our Lord saw through both of them, and sends the cunning ruler a message couched in dignified and befitting irony.

Versículo 32

19. that fox--that crafty, cruel enemy of God's innocent servants.

that fox--that crafty, cruel enemy of God's innocent servants. Behold, I cast out devils and I do cures--that is, "Plot on and ply thy wiles; I also have My plans; My works of mercy are nearing completion, but some yet remain; I have work for to-day and to-morrow too, and the third day; by that time I shall be where his jurisdiction reaches not; the guilt of My blood shall not lie at his door; that dark deed is reserved for others." He does not say, I preach the Gospel--that would have made little impression upon Herod--in the light of the merciful character of Christ's actions the malice of Herod's snares is laid bare [BENGEL]. to-day, to-morrow, the third day--remarkable language expressive of successive steps of His work yet remaining, the calm deliberateness with which He meant to go through with them, one after another, to the last, unmoved by Herod's threat, yet the rapid march with which they were now hastening to completion. (Compare Luk 22:37). I shall be perfected--I finish my course, I attain completion.

Versículo 33

20. it cannot be that a prophet, &c.--"It would never do that," &c.--awful severity of satire this up…

it cannot be that a prophet, &c.--"It would never do that," &c.--awful severity of satire this upon "the bloody city!" "He seeks to kill me, does he? Ah! I must be out of Herod's jurisdiction for that. Go tell him I neither fly from him nor fear him, but Jerusalem is the prophets' slaughter-house."

Versículo 34

21. O Jerusalem, &c.--(See on Mat 23:37; Mat 23:39).

O Jerusalem, &c.--(See on Mat 23:37; Mat 23:39). Next: Luke Chapter 14

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