Antiguo Testamento

Leviticus — Capítulo 5

Concerning witnesses who, being adjured, refuse to tell the truth, Lev 5:1. Of those who contract defilement by touching unclean things or persons, Lev 5:2, Lev 5:3. Of those who bind themselves by vows or oaths, and …

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Si alguno pecare por haber sido llamado a testificar, y fuere testigo que vio, o supo, y no lo denunciare, él llevará su pecado.

2Asimismo la persona que hubiere tocado cualquiera cosa inmunda, sea cadáver de bestia inmunda, o cadáver de animal inmundo, o cadáver de reptil inmundo, bien que no lo supiere, será inmunda y habrá delinquido.

3O si tocare inmundicia de hombre, cualquiera inmundicia suya con que fuere inmundo, y no lo echare de ver, si después llegare a saberlo, será culpable.

4O si alguno jurare a la ligera con sus labios hacer mal o hacer bien, en cualquiera cosa que el hombre profiere con juramento, y él no lo entendiere; si después lo entiende, será culpable por cualquiera de estas cosas.

5Cuando pecare en alguna de estas cosas, confesará aquello en que pecó,

6y para su expiación traerá a Jehová por su pecado que cometió, una hembra de los rebaños, una cordera o una cabra como ofrenda de expiación; y el sacerdote le hará expiación por su pecado.

7Y si no tuviere lo suficiente para un cordero, traerá a Jehová en expiación por su pecado que cometió, dos tórtolas o dos palominos, el uno para expiación, y el otro para holocausto.

8Y los traerá al sacerdote, el cual ofrecerá primero el que es para expiación; y le arrancará de su cuello la cabeza, mas no la separará por completo.

9Y rociará de la sangre de la expiación sobre la pared del altar; y lo que sobrare de la sangre lo exprimirá al pie del altar; es expiación.

10Y del otro hará holocausto conforme al rito; así el sacerdote hará expiación por el pecado de aquel que lo cometió, y será perdonado.

11Mas si no tuviere lo suficiente para dos tórtolas, o dos palominos, el que pecó traerá como ofrenda la décima parte de un efa de flor de harina para expiación. No pondrá sobre ella aceite, ni sobre ella pondrá incienso, porque es expiación.

12La traerá, pues, al sacerdote, y el sacerdote tomará de ella su puño lleno, para memoria de él, y la hará arder en el altar sobre las ofrendas encendidas a Jehová; es expiación.

13Y hará el sacerdote expiación por él en cuanto al pecado que cometió en alguna de estas cosas, y será perdonado; y el sobrante será del sacerdote, como la ofrenda de vianda.

14Habló más Jehová a Moisés, diciendo:

15Cuando alguna persona cometiere falta, y pecare por yerro en las cosas santas de Jehová, traerá por su culpa a Jehová un carnero sin defecto de los rebaños, conforme a tu estimación en siclos de plata del siclo del santuario, en ofrenda por el pecado.

16Y pagará lo que hubiere defraudado de las cosas santas, y añadirá a ello la quinta parte, y lo dará al sacerdote; y el sacerdote hará expiación por él con el carnero del sacrificio por el pecado, y será perdonado.

17Finalmente, si una persona pecare, o hiciere alguna de todas aquellas cosas que por mandamiento de Jehová no se han de hacer, aun sin hacerlo a sabiendas, es culpable, y llevará su pecado.

18Traerá, pues, al sacerdote para expiación, según tú lo estimes, un carnero sin defecto de los rebaños; y el sacerdote le hará expiación por el yerro que cometió por ignorancia, y será perdonado.

19Es infracción, y ciertamente delinquió contra Jehová.

ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY

Versículo 1

I. If a soul sin - It is generally supposed that the case referred to here is that of a person who, …

If a soul sin - It is generally supposed that the case referred to here is that of a person who, being demanded by the civil magistrate to answer upon oath, refuses to tell what he knows concerning the subject; such a one shall bear his iniquity - shall be considered as guilty in the sight of God, of the transgression which he has endeavored to conceal, and must expect to be punished by him for hiding the iniquity to which he was privy, or suppressing the truth which, being discovered, would have led to the exculpation of the innocent, and the punishment of the guilty.

Versículo 2

II. Any unclean thing - Either the dead body of a clean animal, or the living or dead carcass of any …

Any unclean thing - Either the dead body of a clean animal, or the living or dead carcass of any unclean creature. All such persons were to wash their clothes and themselves in clean water, and were considered as unclean till the evening, Lev 11:24-31. But if this had been neglected, they were obliged to bring a trespass-offering. What this meant, see in the notes on Leviticus 7 (note).

Versículo 4

III. To do evil, or to do good - It is very likely that rash promises are here intended; for if a man …

To do evil, or to do good - It is very likely that rash promises are here intended; for if a man vow to do an act that is evil, though it would be criminal to keep such an oath or vow, yet he is guilty because he made it, and therefore must offer the trespass-offering. If he neglect to do the good he has vowed, he is guilty, and must in both cases confess his iniquity, and bring his trespass-offering.

Versículo 5

IV. He shall confess that he hath sinned - Even restitution was not sufficient without this confessio…

He shall confess that he hath sinned - Even restitution was not sufficient without this confession, because a man might make restitution without being much humbled; but the confession of sin has a direct tendency to humble the soul, and hence it is so frequently required in the Holy Scriptures, as without humiliation there can be no salvation.

Versículo 7

V. If he be not able to bring a lamb - See the conclusion at Lev 1:16 (note).

If he be not able to bring a lamb - See the conclusion at Lev 1:16 (note).

Versículo 8

VI. But shall not divide it - See Clarke's note on Lev 1:16.

But shall not divide it - See Clarke's note on Lev 1:16.

Versículo 10

VII. He shall offer the second for a burnt-offering - The pigeon for the burnt-offering was wholly con…

He shall offer the second for a burnt-offering - The pigeon for the burnt-offering was wholly consumed, it was the Lord's property; that for the sin-offering was the priest's property, and was to be eaten by him after its blood had been partly sprinkled on the side of the altar, and the rest poured out at the bottom of the altar. See also Lev 6:26.

Versículo 11

VIII. Tenth part of an ephah - About three quarts. The ephah contained a little more than seven gallons…

Tenth part of an ephah - About three quarts. The ephah contained a little more than seven gallons and a half.

Versículo 15

IX. In the holy things of the Lord - This law seems to relate particularly to sacrilege, and defrauds…

In the holy things of the Lord - This law seems to relate particularly to sacrilege, and defrauds in spiritual matters; such as the neglect to consecrate or redeem the firstborn, the withholding of the first-fruits, tithes, and such like; and, according to the rabbins, making any secular gain of Divine things, keeping back any part of the price of things dedicated to God, or withholding what man had vowed to pay. See a long list of these things in Ainsworth. With thy estimation - The wrong done or the defraud committed should be estimated at the number of shekels it was worth, or for which it would sell. These the defrauder was to pay down, to which he was to add a fifth part more, and bring a ram without blemish for a sin-offering besides. There is an obscurity in the text, but this seems to be its meaning.

Versículo 16

X. Shall make amends - Make restitution for the wrong he had done according to what is laid down in …

Shall make amends - Make restitution for the wrong he had done according to what is laid down in the preceding verse.

Versículo 19

XI. He hath certainly trespassed - And because he hath sinned, therefore he must bring a sacrifice. O…

He hath certainly trespassed - And because he hath sinned, therefore he must bring a sacrifice. On no other ground shall he be accepted by the Lord. Reader, how dost thou stand in the sight of thy Maker? On the subject of this chapter it may be proper to make the following reflections. When the infinite purity and strict justice of God are considered, the exceeding breadth of his commandment, our slowness of heart to believe, and our comparatively cold performance of sacred duties, no wonder that there is sinfulness found in our holy things; and at what a low ebb must the Christian life be found when this is the case! This is a sore and degrading evil in the Church of God; but there is one even worse than this, that is, the strenuous endeavor of many religious people to reconcile their minds to this state of inexcusable imperfection, and defend it zealously, on the supposition that it is at once both unavoidable and useful - unavoidable, for they think they cannot live without it; and useful, because they suppose it tends to humble them! The more inward sin a man has, the more pride he will feel; the less, the more humility. A sense of God's infinite kindness to us, and our constant dependence on him, will ever keep the soul in the dust. Sin can never be necessary to the maintenance or extension of the Christian life, it is the thing which Jesus Christ came into the world to destroy; and his name is called Jesus or Savior because he saves his people from their sins. But how little of the spirit and influence of his Gospel is known in the world! He saves, unto the uttermost, them who come unto the Father through him. But alas! how few are thus saved! for they will not come unto him that they might have life. Should any Christian refuse to offer up the following prayer to God? "Almighty God, unto whom all hearts be open, and from whom no secrets are hid, cleanse the thoughts of our hearts by the inspiration of thy Holy Spirit, that we may perfectly love thee, and worthily magnify thy holy name, through Christ our Lord. Amen." - The Liturgy.

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Versículo 19