Joshua being old, the Lord informs him of the land yet remaining to be possessed, Jos 13:1. Of the unconquered land among the Philistines, Jos 13:2, Jos 13:3. Among the Canaanites, Sidonians, and Amorites, Jos 13:4, J…
1Siendo Josué ya viejo, entrado en años, Jehová le dijo: Tú eres ya viejo, de edad avanzada, y queda aún mucha tierra por poseer.
2Esta es la tierra que queda: todos los territorios de los filisteos, y todos los de los gesureos;
3desde Sihor, que está al oriente de Egipto, hasta el límite de Ecrón al norte, que se considera de los cananeos; de los cinco príncipes de los filisteos, el gazeo, el asdodeo, el ascaloneo, el geteo y el ecroneo; también los aveos;
4al sur toda la tierra de los cananeos, y Mehara, que es de los sidonios, hasta Afec, hasta los límites del amorreo;
5la tierra de los giblitas, y todo el Líbano hacia donde sale el sol, desde Baal-gad al pie del monte Hermón, hasta la entrada de Hamat;
6todos los que habitan en las montañas desde el Líbano hasta Misrefotmaim, todos los sidonios; yo los exterminaré delante de los hijos de Israel; solamente repartirás tú por suerte el país a los israelitas por heredad, como te he mandado.
7Reparte, pues, ahora esta tierra en heredad a las nueve tribus, y a la media tribu de Manasés.
8Porque los rubenitas y gaditas y la otra mitad de Manasés recibieron ya su heredad, la cual les dio Moisés al otro lado del Jordán al oriente, según se la dio Moisés siervo de Jehová;
9desde Aroer, que está a la orilla del arroyo de Arnón, y la ciudad que está en medio del valle, y toda la llanura de Medeba, hasta Dibón;
10todas las ciudades de Sehón rey de los amorreos, el cual reinó en Hesbón, hasta los límites de los hijos de Amón;
11y Galaad, y los territorios de los gesureos y de los maacateos, y todo el monte Hermón, y toda la tierra de Basán hasta Salca;
12todo el reino de Og en Basán, el cual reinó en Astarot y en Edrei, el cual había quedado del resto de los refaítas; pues Moisés los derrotó, y los echó.
13Mas a los gesureos y a los maacateos no los echaron los hijos de Israel, sino que Gesur y Maaca habitaron entre los israelitas hasta hoy.
14Pero a la tribu de Leví no dio heredad; los sacrificios de Jehová Dios de Israel son su heredad, como él les había dicho.
15Dio, pues, Moisés a la tribu de los hijos de Rubén conforme a sus familias.
16Y fue el territorio de ellos desde Aroer, que está a la orilla del arroyo de Arnón, y la ciudad que está en medio del valle, y toda la llanura hasta Medeba;
17Hesbón, con todas sus ciudades que están en la llanura; Dibón, Bamot-baal, Bet-baal-meón,
18Jahaza, Cademot, Mefaat,
19Quiriataim, Sibma, Zaret-sahar en el monte del valle,
20Bet-peor, las laderas de Pisga, Bet-jesimot,
21todas las ciudades de la llanura, y todo el reino de Sehón rey de los amorreos, que reinó en Hesbón, al cual derrotó Moisés, y a los príncipes de Madián, Evi, Requem, Zur, Hur y Reba, príncipes de Sehón que habitaban en aquella tierra.
22También mataron a espada los hijos de Israel a Balaam el adivino, hijo de Beor, entre los demás que mataron.
23Y el Jordán fue el límite del territorio de los hijos de Rubén. Esta fue la heredad de los hijos de Rubén conforme a sus familias, estas ciudades con sus aldeas.
24Dio asimismo Moisés a la tribu de Gad, a los hijos de Gad, conforme a sus familias.
25El territorio de ellos fue Jazer, y todas las ciudades de Galaad, y la mitad de la tierra de los hijos de Amón hasta Aroer, que está enfrente de Rabá.
26Y desde Hesbón hasta Ramat-mizpa, y Betonim; y desde Mahanaim hasta el límite de Debir;
27y en el valle, Bet-aram, Bet-nimra, Sucot y Zafón, resto del reino de Sehón rey de Hesbón; el Jordán y su límite hasta el extremo del mar de Cineret al otro lado del Jordán, al oriente.
28Esta es la heredad de los hijos de Gad por sus familias, estas ciudades con sus aldeas.
29También dio Moisés heredad a la media tribu de Manasés; y fue para la media tribu de los hijos de Manasés, conforme a sus familias.
30El territorio de ellos fue desde Mahanaim, todo Basán, todo el reino de Og rey de Basán, y todas las aldeas de Jair que están en Basán, sesenta poblaciones,
31y la mitad de Galaad, y Astarot y Edrei, ciudades del reino de Og en Basán, para los hijos de Maquir hijo de Manasés, para la mitad de los hijos de Maquir conforme a sus familias.
32Esto es lo que Moisés repartió en heredad en los llanos de Moab, al otro lado del Jordán de Jericó, al oriente.
33Mas a la tribu de Leví no dio Moisés heredad; Jehová Dios de Israel es la heredad de ellos, como él les había dicho.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 1
I. Joshua was old - He is generally reputed to have been at this time about a hundred years of age: …
Joshua was old - He is generally reputed to have been at this time about a hundred years of age: he had spent about seven years in the conquest of the land, and is supposed to have employed about one year in dividing it; and he died about ten years after, aged one hundred and ten years. It is very likely that he intended to subdue the whole land before he made the division of it among the tribes; but God did not think proper to have this done. So unfaithful were the Israelites that he appears to have purposed that some of the ancient inhabitants should still remain to keep them in check, and that the respective tribes should have some labor to drive out from their allotted borders the remains of the Canaanitish nations.
There remaineth yet very much land to be possessed - That is, very much when compared with that on the other side Jordan, which was all that could as yet be said to be in the hands of the Israelites.
II
Versículo 2
II. The borders of the Philistines, and all Geshuri - The borders of the Philistines may mean the lan…
The borders of the Philistines, and all Geshuri - The borders of the Philistines may mean the land which they possessed on the sea-coast, southwest of the land of Canaan. There were several places named Geshuri, but that spoken of here was probably the region on the south of Canaan, towards Arabia, or towards Egypt. - Calmet. Cellarius supposes it to have been a country in the vicinity of the Amalekites.
III
Versículo 3
III. From Sihor, which is before Egypt - Supposed by some to be the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, near …
From Sihor, which is before Egypt - Supposed by some to be the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, near to the Arabian Desert; called also the river of Egypt, Num 34:5; Jer 2:18. On this subject an intelligent friend favors me with the following opinion: - "The river Sihor is supposed by some to be the Nile, or a branch of it. Others think it the same as what is frequently called the river of Egypt, which lay before or towards the borders of Egypt; which arose out of the mountains of Paran, and ran westward, falling into that bay of the Mediterranean which lies south of the land of the Philistines. This river is often mentioned as the boundary of the Israelites to the southwest, as Euphrates, the great river, was on the northeast. "There was a desert of considerable distance between what is called the river of Egypt and the isthmus of Suez. Solomon reigned to the borders of Egypt, i.e., to this desert; but not in Egypt, nor to the river Nile. "Upon the whole, (though there are difficulties in the matter), I incline to think that the river in question was not the Nile. Sihor (black) might, from some circumstances, be applied to another river as well as the Nile; though some places in Isaiah and Jeremiah seem to restrict it to the Nile." - J. C.
Ekron northward - Ekron was one of the five lordships of the Philistines, and the most northern of all the districts they possessed. Baal-zebub, its idol, is famous in Scripture; see Kg2 1:2, etc. The five lordships of the Philistines were Gaza, Ashdod, Askalon, Gath, and Ekron. There is no proof that ever the Israelites possessed Ekron; though, from Jos 15:11, some think it was originally given to Judah, but the text does not say so; it only states that the border of the tribe of Judah went out Unto the Side of Ekron. From Jos 19:43, we learn that it was a part of the lot of Dan, but it does not appear to have been possessed by any of those tribes.
Counted to the Canaanite - It is generally allowed that the original possessors of this country were the descendants of Canaan, the youngest son of Ham. The Philistines sprang from Mizraim, the second son of Ham, and, having dispossessed the Avim from the places they held in this land, dwelt in their stead. See Gen 10:13, Gen 10:14.
Five lords of the Philistines - These dynasties are famous in the Scriptures for their successful wars against the Israelites, of whom they were almost the perpetual scourge.
Also the Avites - These must not be confounded with the Hivites. The Avites seem to have been a very inconsiderable tribe, who dwelt in some of the skirts of Palestine. They had been originally deprived of their country by the Caphtorim; and though they lived as a distinct people, they had never afterwards arrived to any authority.
IV
Versículo 4
IV. The land of the Canaanites - This lay on the south of the country of the Philistines, towards the…
The land of the Canaanites - This lay on the south of the country of the Philistines, towards the sea-coast.
Mearah - Supposed to be the city Maratha, on the Mediterranean Sea. - Calmet. Or the river Majora, which falls into the Mediterranean Sea, between Sidon and Berytus. See Pliny, Hist. Nat. lib. v., c. 20.
Aphek - See on Jos 12:18 (note).
To the borders of the Amorites - Though the term Amorite is sometimes used to designate the inhabitants in general of the land of Canaan, yet it must be considered in a much more restricted sense in this place. As no Amorites are known to have dwelt in this quarter, Calmet supposes we should read Aramites or Syrians. Joshua, says he, proceeds from Sidon to Aphek, a city of Syria, between Heliopolis and Babylon where was the temple of the Venus of Aphek, and which is spoken of in Kg1 20:26; Kg2 13:17, as the capital of the kings of Syria. From this Joshua passes on to the frontiers of the Syrians, towards Gebal or Gabala, which, according to Ptolemy, was situated in Phoenicia. This conjecture of Calmet is not supported by any authority either from the ancient versions or MSS. Houbigant, however, approves of it: the emendation is simple as it consists in the interchange of only two letters in the same word, הארמי haarammi, for האמרי haemori.
V
Versículo 5
V. The land of the Giblites - This people dwelt beyond the precincts of the land of Canaan, on the e…
The land of the Giblites - This people dwelt beyond the precincts of the land of Canaan, on the east of Tyre and Sidon. See Eze 27:9; Psa 83:7; their capital was named Gebal. See Dodd.
All Lebanon - See on Jos 11:17 (note).
VI
Versículo 6
VI. Misrephoth-maim - See on Jos 11:7 (note).
Misrephoth-maim - See on Jos 11:7 (note).
These will I drive out - That is, if the Israelites continued to be obedient; but they did not, and therefore they never fully possessed the whole of that land which, on this condition alone, God had promised them: the Sidonians were never expelled by the Israelites, and were only brought into a state of comparative subjection in the days of David and Solomon. Some have taken upon them to deny the authenticity of Divine revelation relative to this business, "because," say they, "God is stated to have absolutely promised that Joshua should conquer the whole land, and put the Israelites in possession of it." This is a total mistake.
1. God never absolutely, i.e., unconditionally, promised to put them in possession of this land. The promise of their possessing the whole was suspended on their fidelity to God. They were not faithful, and therefore God was not bound by his promise to give them any part of the land, after their first act of national defection from his worship.
2. God never said that Joshua should conquer the whole land, and give it to them; the promise was simply this: "Thou shalt bring them into the land, and thou shalt divide it among them:" both of which he did, and procured them footing by his conquests, sufficient to have enabled them to establish themselves in it for ever.
3. It was never said, Thou shalt conquer it all, and then divide it; no. Several of the tribes, after their quota was allotted them, were obliged to drive out the ancient inhabitants. See on Jos 11:18 (note).
VII
Versículo 7
VII. The nine tribes, and the half tribe of Manasseh - The other half tribe of Manasseh, and the two t…
The nine tribes, and the half tribe of Manasseh - The other half tribe of Manasseh, and the two tribes of Reuben and Gad, had got their inheritance on the other side of Jordan, in the land formerly belonging to Og king of Bashan, and Sihon king of the Amorites.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. From Aroer - See on Jos 12:2 (note).
From Aroer - See on Jos 12:2 (note).
IX
Versículo 11
IX. Border of the Geshurites - See on Jos 12:5 (note).
Border of the Geshurites - See on Jos 12:5 (note).
X
Versículo 17
X. Bamoth-baal - The high places of Baal, probably so called from altars erected on hills for the im…
Bamoth-baal - The high places of Baal, probably so called from altars erected on hills for the impure worship of this Canaanitish Priapus.
XI
Versículo 18
XI. Jahaza - A city near Medeba and Dibon. It was given to the Levites, Ch1 6:78.
Jahaza - A city near Medeba and Dibon. It was given to the Levites, Ch1 6:78.
Kedemoth - Mentioned Deu 2:26; supposed to have been situated beyond the river Arnon.
Mephaath - Situated on the frontiers of Moab, on the eastern part of the desert. It was given to the Levites, Jos 21:37.
XII
Versículo 19
XII. Kirjathaim - This city, according to Eusebius, was nine miles distant from Medeba, towards the ea…
Kirjathaim - This city, according to Eusebius, was nine miles distant from Medeba, towards the east. It passed from the Emim to the Moabites, from the Moabites to the Amorites, and from the Amorites to the Israelites, Gen 14:6; Deu 2:20. Calmet supposes the Reubenites possessed it till the time they were carried away by the Assyrians; and then the Moabites appear to have taken possession of it anew, as he collects from Jer 48:1 etc., and Eze 25:9 etc.
Sibmah - A place remarkable for its vines. See Isa 16:8, Isa 16:9, Jer 48:32.
Zareth-shahar, in the mount of the valley - This probably means a town situated on or near to a hill in some flat country.
XIII
Versículo 20
XIII. Beth-peor - The house or temple of Peor, situated at the foot of the mountain of the same name. S…
Beth-peor - The house or temple of Peor, situated at the foot of the mountain of the same name. See Num 25:3.
XIV
Versículo 21
XIV. The princes of Midian - See the history of this war, Num 31:1, etc.; and from that place this and…
The princes of Midian - See the history of this war, Num 31:1, etc.; and from that place this and the following verse seem to be borrowed, for the introduction of the death of Balaam here seems quite irrelevant.
XV
Versículo 23
XV. The cities and the villages - By villages, חצרים chatserim, it is likely that moveable villages o…
The cities and the villages - By villages, חצרים chatserim, it is likely that moveable villages or tents are meant, such as are in use among the Bedouin Arabs; places where they were accustomed to feed and pen their cattle.
16
Versículo 25
16. Half the land on the children of Ammon - This probably was land which had been taken from the Amm…
Half the land on the children of Ammon - This probably was land which had been taken from the Ammonites by Sihon, king of the Amorites, and which the Israelites possessed by right of conquest. For although the Israelites were forbidden to take the land of the Ammonites, Deu 2:37, yet this part, as having been united to the territories of Sihon, they might possess when they defeated that king and subdued his kingdom.
17
Versículo 26
17. Ramath-mizpeh - The same as Ramoth-gilead. It was one of the cities of refuge, Jos 20:8; Deu 4:47.
Ramath-mizpeh - The same as Ramoth-gilead. It was one of the cities of refuge, Jos 20:8; Deu 4:47.
Mahanaim - Or the two camps. Situated on the northern side of the brook Jabbok, celebrated for the vision of the two camps of angels which Jacob had there; see Gen 32:2.
18
Versículo 27
18. Beth-aram - This city was rebuilt by Herod, and called Livias, in honor of Livia, the wife of Aug…
Beth-aram - This city was rebuilt by Herod, and called Livias, in honor of Livia, the wife of Augustus. Josephus calls it Julias, Julia being the name which the Greeks commonly give to Livia. - Calmet.
Succoth - A place between Jabbok and Jordan where Jacob pitched his tents, from which circumstance it obtained its name, see Gen 33:17.
19
Versículo 29
19. The half tribe of Manasseh - When the tribes of Reuben and Gad requested to have their settlement…
The half tribe of Manasseh - When the tribes of Reuben and Gad requested to have their settlement on the east side of Jordan, it does not appear that any part of the tribe of Manasseh requested to be settled in the same place. But as this tribe was numerous, and had much cattle, Moses thought proper to appoint one half of it to remain on the east of Jordan, and the other to go over and settle on the west side of that river.
20
Versículo 30
20. The towns of Jair - These were sixty cities; they are mentioned afterwards, and in Ch1 2:21, etc.…
The towns of Jair - These were sixty cities; they are mentioned afterwards, and in Ch1 2:21, etc. They are the same with the Havoth-jair mentioned Num 32:41. Jair was son of Segub, grandson of Esron or Hezron, and great-grandson of Machir by his grandmother's side, who married Hezron of the tribe of Judah. See his genealogy, Ch1 2:21-24.
21
Versículo 32
21. Which Moses did distribute - Moses had settled every thing relative to these tribes before his de…
Which Moses did distribute - Moses had settled every thing relative to these tribes before his death, having appointed them to possess the territories of Og king of Bashan, and Sihon king of the Amorites. For particulars on this chapter, the reader, if he judge it of consequence, may consult Calmet.
Antiguo Testamento
Joshua — Capítulo 13
Joshua being old, the Lord informs him of the land yet remaining to be possessed, Jos 13:1. Of the unconquered land among the Philistines, Jos 13:2, Jos 13:3. Among the Canaanites, Sidonians, and Amorites, Jos 13:4, J…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Siendo Josué ya viejo, entrado en años, Jehová le dijo: Tú eres ya viejo, de edad avanzada, y queda aún mucha tierra por poseer.
2Esta es la tierra que queda: todos los territorios de los filisteos, y todos los de los gesureos;
3desde Sihor, que está al oriente de Egipto, hasta el límite de Ecrón al norte, que se considera de los cananeos; de los cinco príncipes de los filisteos, el gazeo, el asdodeo, el ascaloneo, el geteo y el ecroneo; también los aveos;
4al sur toda la tierra de los cananeos, y Mehara, que es de los sidonios, hasta Afec, hasta los límites del amorreo;
5la tierra de los giblitas, y todo el Líbano hacia donde sale el sol, desde Baal-gad al pie del monte Hermón, hasta la entrada de Hamat;
6todos los que habitan en las montañas desde el Líbano hasta Misrefotmaim, todos los sidonios; yo los exterminaré delante de los hijos de Israel; solamente repartirás tú por suerte el país a los israelitas por heredad, como te he mandado.
7Reparte, pues, ahora esta tierra en heredad a las nueve tribus, y a la media tribu de Manasés.
8Porque los rubenitas y gaditas y la otra mitad de Manasés recibieron ya su heredad, la cual les dio Moisés al otro lado del Jordán al oriente, según se la dio Moisés siervo de Jehová;
9desde Aroer, que está a la orilla del arroyo de Arnón, y la ciudad que está en medio del valle, y toda la llanura de Medeba, hasta Dibón;
10todas las ciudades de Sehón rey de los amorreos, el cual reinó en Hesbón, hasta los límites de los hijos de Amón;
11y Galaad, y los territorios de los gesureos y de los maacateos, y todo el monte Hermón, y toda la tierra de Basán hasta Salca;
12todo el reino de Og en Basán, el cual reinó en Astarot y en Edrei, el cual había quedado del resto de los refaítas; pues Moisés los derrotó, y los echó.
13Mas a los gesureos y a los maacateos no los echaron los hijos de Israel, sino que Gesur y Maaca habitaron entre los israelitas hasta hoy.
14Pero a la tribu de Leví no dio heredad; los sacrificios de Jehová Dios de Israel son su heredad, como él les había dicho.
15Dio, pues, Moisés a la tribu de los hijos de Rubén conforme a sus familias.
16Y fue el territorio de ellos desde Aroer, que está a la orilla del arroyo de Arnón, y la ciudad que está en medio del valle, y toda la llanura hasta Medeba;
17Hesbón, con todas sus ciudades que están en la llanura; Dibón, Bamot-baal, Bet-baal-meón,
18Jahaza, Cademot, Mefaat,
19Quiriataim, Sibma, Zaret-sahar en el monte del valle,
20Bet-peor, las laderas de Pisga, Bet-jesimot,
21todas las ciudades de la llanura, y todo el reino de Sehón rey de los amorreos, que reinó en Hesbón, al cual derrotó Moisés, y a los príncipes de Madián, Evi, Requem, Zur, Hur y Reba, príncipes de Sehón que habitaban en aquella tierra.
22También mataron a espada los hijos de Israel a Balaam el adivino, hijo de Beor, entre los demás que mataron.
23Y el Jordán fue el límite del territorio de los hijos de Rubén. Esta fue la heredad de los hijos de Rubén conforme a sus familias, estas ciudades con sus aldeas.
24Dio asimismo Moisés a la tribu de Gad, a los hijos de Gad, conforme a sus familias.
25El territorio de ellos fue Jazer, y todas las ciudades de Galaad, y la mitad de la tierra de los hijos de Amón hasta Aroer, que está enfrente de Rabá.
26Y desde Hesbón hasta Ramat-mizpa, y Betonim; y desde Mahanaim hasta el límite de Debir;
27y en el valle, Bet-aram, Bet-nimra, Sucot y Zafón, resto del reino de Sehón rey de Hesbón; el Jordán y su límite hasta el extremo del mar de Cineret al otro lado del Jordán, al oriente.
28Esta es la heredad de los hijos de Gad por sus familias, estas ciudades con sus aldeas.
29También dio Moisés heredad a la media tribu de Manasés; y fue para la media tribu de los hijos de Manasés, conforme a sus familias.
30El territorio de ellos fue desde Mahanaim, todo Basán, todo el reino de Og rey de Basán, y todas las aldeas de Jair que están en Basán, sesenta poblaciones,
31y la mitad de Galaad, y Astarot y Edrei, ciudades del reino de Og en Basán, para los hijos de Maquir hijo de Manasés, para la mitad de los hijos de Maquir conforme a sus familias.
32Esto es lo que Moisés repartió en heredad en los llanos de Moab, al otro lado del Jordán de Jericó, al oriente.
33Mas a la tribu de Leví no dio Moisés heredad; Jehová Dios de Israel es la heredad de ellos, como él les había dicho.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 1
I. Joshua was old - He is generally reputed to have been at this time about a hundred years of age: …
Versículo 2
II. The borders of the Philistines, and all Geshuri - The borders of the Philistines may mean the lan…
Versículo 3
III. From Sihor, which is before Egypt - Supposed by some to be the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, near …
Versículo 4
IV. The land of the Canaanites - This lay on the south of the country of the Philistines, towards the…
Versículo 5
V. The land of the Giblites - This people dwelt beyond the precincts of the land of Canaan, on the e…
Versículo 6
VI. Misrephoth-maim - See on Jos 11:7 (note).
Versículo 7
VII. The nine tribes, and the half tribe of Manasseh - The other half tribe of Manasseh, and the two t…
Versículo 9
VIII. From Aroer - See on Jos 12:2 (note).
Versículo 11
IX. Border of the Geshurites - See on Jos 12:5 (note).
Versículo 17
X. Bamoth-baal - The high places of Baal, probably so called from altars erected on hills for the im…
Versículo 18
XI. Jahaza - A city near Medeba and Dibon. It was given to the Levites, Ch1 6:78.
Versículo 19
XII. Kirjathaim - This city, according to Eusebius, was nine miles distant from Medeba, towards the ea…
Versículo 20
XIII. Beth-peor - The house or temple of Peor, situated at the foot of the mountain of the same name. S…
Versículo 21
XIV. The princes of Midian - See the history of this war, Num 31:1, etc.; and from that place this and…
Versículo 23
XV. The cities and the villages - By villages, חצרים chatserim, it is likely that moveable villages o…
Versículo 25
16. Half the land on the children of Ammon - This probably was land which had been taken from the Amm…
Versículo 26
17. Ramath-mizpeh - The same as Ramoth-gilead. It was one of the cities of refuge, Jos 20:8; Deu 4:47.
Versículo 27
18. Beth-aram - This city was rebuilt by Herod, and called Livias, in honor of Livia, the wife of Aug…
Versículo 29
19. The half tribe of Manasseh - When the tribes of Reuben and Gad requested to have their settlement…
Versículo 30
20. The towns of Jair - These were sixty cities; they are mentioned afterwards, and in Ch1 2:21, etc.…
Versículo 32
21. Which Moses did distribute - Moses had settled every thing relative to these tribes before his de…