Antiguo Testamento

Zechariah — Capítulo 1

The people of God who had returned to Judea from exile were being oppressed by neighboring nations. As a result, they were discouraged, and they let their Temple lie in ruins. Zechariah encouraged them with a vision of things to come. God continued to love Jerusalem and the land of Judah, and his unwavering plan was to live there again with his people and establish his rule over all the earth. …

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1En el octavo mes del año segundo de Darío, vino palabra de Jehová al profeta Zacarías hijo de Berequías, hijo de Iddo, diciendo:

2Se enojó Jehová en gran manera contra vuestros padres.

3Diles, pues: Así ha dicho Jehová de los ejércitos: Volveos a mí, dice Jehová de los ejércitos, y yo me volveré a vosotros, ha dicho Jehová de los ejércitos.

4No seáis como vuestros padres, a los cuales clamaron los primeros profetas, diciendo: Así ha dicho Jehová de los ejércitos: Volveos ahora de vuestros malos caminos y de vuestras malas obras; y no atendieron, ni me escucharon, dice Jehová.

5Vuestros padres, ¿dónde están?; y los profetas, ¿han de vivir para siempre?

6Pero mis palabras y mis ordenanzas que mandé a mis siervos los profetas, ¿no alcanzaron a vuestros padres? Por eso volvieron ellos y dijeron: Como Jehová de los ejércitos pensó tratarnos conforme a nuestros caminos, y conforme a nuestras obras, así lo hizo con nosotros.

7A los veinticuatro días del mes undécimo, que es el mes de Sebat, en el año segundo de Darío, vino palabra de Jehová al profeta Zacarías hijo de Berequías, hijo de Iddo, diciendo:

8Vi de noche, y he aquí un varón que cabalgaba sobre un caballo alazán, el cual estaba entre los mirtos que había en la hondura; y detrás de él había caballos alazanes, overos y blancos.

9Entonces dije: ¿Qué son estos, señor mío? Y me dijo el ángel que hablaba conmigo: Yo te enseñaré lo que son estos.

10Y aquel varón que estaba entre los mirtos respondió y dijo: Estos son los que Jehová ha enviado a recorrer la tierra.

11Y ellos hablaron a aquel ángel de Jehová que estaba entre los mirtos, y dijeron: Hemos recorrido la tierra, y he aquí toda la tierra está reposada y quieta.

12Respondió el ángel de Jehová y dijo: Oh Jehová de los ejércitos, ¿hasta cuándo no tendrás piedad de Jerusalén, y de las ciudades de Judá, con las cuales has estado airado por espacio de setenta años?

13Y Jehová respondió buenas palabras, palabras consoladoras, al ángel que hablaba conmigo.

14Y me dijo el ángel que hablaba conmigo: Clama diciendo: Así ha dicho Jehová de los ejércitos: Celé con gran celo a Jerusalén y a Sion.

15Y estoy muy airado contra las naciones que están reposadas; porque cuando yo estaba enojado un poco, ellos agravaron el mal.

16Por tanto, así ha dicho Jehová: Yo me he vuelto a Jerusalén con misericordia; en ella será edificada mi casa, dice Jehová de los ejércitos, y la plomada será tendida sobre Jerusalén.

17Clama aún, diciendo: Así dice Jehová de los ejércitos: Aún rebosarán mis ciudades con la abundancia del bien, y aún consolará Jehová a Sion, y escogerá todavía a Jerusalén.

18Después alcé mis ojos y miré, y he aquí cuatro cuernos.

19Y dije al ángel que hablaba conmigo: ¿Qué son estos? Y me respondió: Estos son los cuernos que dispersaron a Judá, a Israel y a Jerusalén.

20Me mostró luego Jehová cuatro carpinteros.

21Y yo dije: ¿Qué vienen estos a hacer? Y me respondió, diciendo: Aquellos son los cuernos que dispersaron a Judá, tanto que ninguno alzó su cabeza; mas estos han venido para hacerlos temblar, para derribar los cuernos de las naciones que alzaron el cuerno sobre la tierra de Judá para dispersarla.

TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES

Versículo 1

I. 1:1-6 The prelude identifies the book’s themes as repentance and spiritual renewal, and establish…

1:1-6 The prelude identifies the book’s themes as repentance and spiritual renewal, and establishes a tone of hope and encouragement. 1:1 This superscription, or introductory statement, classifies the book of Zechariah as an oracle, an authoritative message inspired by God. The prophet Zechariah was God’s emissary, designated to speak with God’s authority. • King Darius’s reign (521–486 BC) was in the early years of the Persian Empire (539–331 BC).

Versículo 3

II. 1:3 the Lord of Heaven’s Armies: God has an infinite number of angelic troops ready to carry out …

1:3 the Lord of Heaven’s Armies: God has an infinite number of angelic troops ready to carry out his will (see 2 Kgs 6:17; Matt 26:53). The phrase was probably meant to be an encouragement to the Judeans. • Return to me: A person who repents makes a complete turnaround—a shift away from sin and self toward loyalty to God and his covenant (see Isa 44:22; Mal 3:7; see also Pss 80:3-14; 85:4-8).

Versículo 4

III. 1:4 Before the Exile, earlier prophets actively called Judah and Israel to repentance. Zechariah …

1:4 Before the Exile, earlier prophets actively called Judah and Israel to repentance. Zechariah especially reflects the prophetic influence of Jeremiah and Ezekiel. • ancestors who would not listen: The people of Israel (2 Kgs 17:13-14) and Judah (2 Chr 36:15-16) were taken into exile because they stubbornly refused to heed the word of the Lord (cp. 2 Chr 30:7).

Versículo 6

IV. 1:6 everything . . . happened: The covenant curses (Deut 28:15-68) had overtaken their ancestors …

1:6 everything . . . happened: The covenant curses (Deut 28:15-68) had overtaken their ancestors who refused to obey God.

Versículo 7

V. 1:7–6:15 These eight visions addressed the Judeans’ fears that prevented them from responding in …

1:7–6:15 These eight visions addressed the Judeans’ fears that prevented them from responding in faith to God’s promises. These visions, which occurred two months after Haggai’s final two messages (Hag 2:10-19, 20-23), suggest that Haggai’s prophecies were being fulfilled. 1:7-17 Zechariah’s first vision depicts God’s concern for Jerusalem (1:7-15), followed by a response (1:16-17) that confirmed God’s intentions to rebuild his Temple and restore the city’s prosperity.

Versículo 8

VI. 1:8 The vision during the night follows a standard pattern: an introductory statement, a descript…

1:8 The vision during the night follows a standard pattern: an introductory statement, a description of the vision, the prophet’s request for an interpretation, and an angelic explanation. • The myrtle trees were probably in the wooded Kidron valley outside of Jerusalem. The Lord had symbolically returned to the city’s outskirts but had not yet entered Jerusalem because the Temple was still under construction. • The colors of the red, brown, and white horses are not significant to this vision’s meaning. These angelic riders patrolled the earth (1:10), showing God’s continuing concern over Jerusalem.

Versículo 10

VII. 1:10 Patrol suggests the angelic riders’ ongoing scrutiny of the earth.

1:10 Patrol suggests the angelic riders’ ongoing scrutiny of the earth.

Versículo 11

VIII. 1:11 The man sitting on a red horse among the myrtle trees (1:8) is called the angel of the Lord …

1:11 The man sitting on a red horse among the myrtle trees (1:8) is called the angel of the Lord (cp. Gen 16:7-13; Exod 23:23; 32:34; Judg 13:21-22).

Versículo 14

IX. 1:14 My love . . . is passionate and strong: This phrase, sometimes translated as “I am very jeal…

1:14 My love . . . is passionate and strong: This phrase, sometimes translated as “I am very jealous,” reflects intense, single-minded devotion that could produce hatred and envy or zeal and devotion. God is jealous—as the one true and living God, he has exclusive rights to his creatures’ worship (see Exod 20:5; 34:14). • Jerusalem signifies the territories ruled by Judean kings; Mount Zion was the site of the Lord’s Temple.

Versículo 17

X. 1:17 The repetition of again (four times in Hebrew) emphasizes the certainty of God’s intention t…

1:17 The repetition of again (four times in Hebrew) emphasizes the certainty of God’s intention to restore Jerusalem.

Versículo 18

XI. 1:18-21 The second vision states God’s plan to bring his judgment against the nations who destroy…

1:18-21 The second vision states God’s plan to bring his judgment against the nations who destroyed Jerusalem and exiled Judah. The prophet leaves unspecified the identity of the nations represented by the four horns; it is best to view the number four as symbolic of all those nations who will face divine judgment for scattering the people of God. 1:18-19 Then I looked up suggests that the prophet was interrupted by another vision while still preoccupied with the previous one (also in 2:1; 5:1; 6:1). • Horns symbolized power and authority in the biblical world and might represent an individual ruler (see Dan 7:8; 8:8), a dynasty, or nations.

Versículo 20

XII. 1:20 The word translated blacksmiths could refer to any sort of craftsmen (mason, carpenter, smit…

1:20 The word translated blacksmiths could refer to any sort of craftsmen (mason, carpenter, smith). If the horns representing the nations were metal (see 1 Kgs 22:11), then blacksmiths were appropriate to the task of destroying them (see 2 Chr 24:12; Isa 44:12).

Versículo 21

XIII. 1:21 humbled Judah: They literally lifted up their horns against Judah. • The Lord would cut off …

1:21 humbled Judah: They literally lifted up their horns against Judah. • The Lord would cut off those horns, throw them down to the ground, and bring an end to their authority. The Judeans did not need to fear the surrounding nations.

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Zechariah — Capítulo 1