Antiguo Testamento

Genesis — Capítulo 15

Genesis is the book of beginnings—of the universe and of humanity, of sin and its catastrophic effects, and of God’s plan to restore blessing to the world through his chosen people. God began his plan when he called Abraham and made a covenant with him. Genesis traces God’s promised blessings from generation to generation, to the time of bondage and the need for redemption from Egypt. It lays t…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Después de estas cosas vino la palabra de Jehová a Abram en visión, diciendo: No temas, Abram; yo soy tu escudo, y tu galardón será sobremanera grande.

2Y respondió Abram: Señor Jehová, ¿qué me darás, siendo así que ando sin hijo, y el mayordomo de mi casa es ese damasceno Eliezer?

3Dijo también Abram: Mira que no me has dado prole, y he aquí que será mi heredero un esclavo nacido en mi casa.

4Luego vino a él palabra de Jehová, diciendo: No te heredará este, sino un hijo tuyo será el que te heredará.

5Y lo llevó fuera, y le dijo: Mira ahora los cielos, y cuenta las estrellas, si las puedes contar. Y le dijo: Así será tu descendencia.

6Y creyó a Jehová, y le fue contado por justicia.

7Y le dijo: Yo soy Jehová, que te saqué de Ur de los caldeos, para darte a heredar esta tierra.

8Y él respondió: Señor Jehová, ¿en qué conoceré que la he de heredar?

9Y le dijo: Tráeme una becerra de tres años, y una cabra de tres años, y un carnero de tres años, una tórtola también, y un palomino.

10Y tomó él todo esto, y los partió por la mitad, y puso cada mitad una enfrente de la otra; mas no partió las aves.

11Y descendían aves de rapiña sobre los cuerpos muertos, y Abram las ahuyentaba.

12Mas a la caída del sol sobrecogió el sueño a Abram, y he aquí que el temor de una grande oscuridad cayó sobre él.

13Entonces Jehová dijo a Abram: Ten por cierto que tu descendencia morará en tierra ajena, y será esclava allí, y será oprimida cuatrocientos años.

14Mas también a la nación a la cual servirán, juzgaré yo; y después de esto saldrán con gran riqueza.

15Y tú vendrás a tus padres en paz, y serás sepultado en buena vejez.

16Y en la cuarta generación volverán acá; porque aún no ha llegado a su colmo la maldad del amorreo hasta aquí.

17Y sucedió que puesto el sol, y ya oscurecido, se veía un horno humeando, y una antorcha de fuego que pasaba por entre los animales divididos.

18En aquel día hizo Jehová un pacto con Abram, diciendo: A tu descendencia daré esta tierra, desde el río de Egipto hasta el río grande, el río Éufrates;

19la tierra de los ceneos, los cenezeos, los cadmoneos,

20los heteos, los ferezeos, los refaítas,

21los amorreos, los cananeos, los gergeseos y los jebuseos.

TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES

Versículo 1

I. 15:1-21 The Lord made a formal covenant with Abram, solemnly confirming the promises made at his …

15:1-21 The Lord made a formal covenant with Abram, solemnly confirming the promises made at his call (12:1-3). There would be a long period of slavery for Abram’s descendants before these promises would be completely fulfilled. 15:1 Do not be afraid: Abram lacked a son to be his heir. The Lord addressed Abram’s anxiety about the future with comforting words. • I will protect you (literally I will be your shield): The Hebrew word for “shield” (magen) is from the same root as Melchizedek’s word defeated (14:20). The Lord who had defeated Abram’s enemies would continue to protect him. • your reward will be great: The promise of offspring (12:2-3; cp. Ps 127:3) was still unfulfilled.

Versículo 2

II. 15:2-3 Using a wordplay, Abram expressed his concern that Eliezer of Damascus (Hebrew dammeseq), …

15:2-3 Using a wordplay, Abram expressed his concern that Eliezer of Damascus (Hebrew dammeseq), a man in Abram’s household, would be his heir (Hebrew ben-mesheq, “son of possession”), as was customary when there was no son.

Versículo 4

III. 15:4-6 God affirmed that the promise was for Abram’s own offspring and showed him the stars as a …

15:4-6 God affirmed that the promise was for Abram’s own offspring and showed him the stars as a promise of the vast number of descendants that he would have (22:17; 26:4). Paul quotes this promise in Rom 4:18 to underscore the strength of Abram’s faith.

Versículo 6

IV. 15:6 And Abram believed: God made his covenant with a believer; the statement does not indicate w…

15:6 And Abram believed: God made his covenant with a believer; the statement does not indicate when Abram came to faith. The Hebrew text does not link Abram’s belief with the promise of the stars; it just says parenthetically that Abram believed God. Abram already had faith; his departure from Ur was his first great act that demonstrated it (see Heb 11:8-10). • God counted him as righteous because of his faith: This central statement about Abram’s saving faith is quoted three times in the New Testament (Rom 4:3; Gal 3:6; Jas 2:23) to support the doctrine of righteousness before God by faith (see also Rom 4:22-23).

Versículo 7

V. 15:7-21 With a solemn ceremony, God made a binding covenant with Abram that guaranteed the fulfil…

15:7-21 With a solemn ceremony, God made a binding covenant with Abram that guaranteed the fulfillment of God’s promises to him.

Versículo 10

VI. 15:10 Obeying God’s instructions, Abram gathered three herd animals for the ceremony and cut them…

15:10 Obeying God’s instructions, Abram gathered three herd animals for the ceremony and cut them in half. Cutting the animals symbolized the oath, indicating that the covenant maker staked his own life on his word (Jer 34:18).

Versículo 11

VII. 15:11 Vultures are unclean birds of prey that symbolize those who unjustly attack Abraham’s heirs…

15:11 Vultures are unclean birds of prey that symbolize those who unjustly attack Abraham’s heirs (15:13-14).

Versículo 13

VIII. 15:13-16 Not even 400 years of bondage could interfere with God’s plan to fulfill the covenant.

15:13-16 Not even 400 years of bondage could interfere with God’s plan to fulfill the covenant. 15:13 oppressed: The same word is used in Exod 1:11-12. Egypt, like predatory birds (Gen 15:11), would try to destroy Israel and hinder the covenant’s fulfillment. • Apparently 400 years is a round number (also Acts 7:6; cp. Exod 12:40; Gal 3:17). Using the chronology in the Hebrew text, the family moved to Egypt around 1876 BC, and the Exodus occurred around 1446 BC (though many scholars date the Exodus later, around 1270 BC; see Exodus Book Introduction, “The Date of the Exodus”).

Versículo 16

IX. 15:16 The reasons for Israel’s bondage included God’s justice. God would tolerate the sins of the…

15:16 The reasons for Israel’s bondage included God’s justice. God would tolerate the sins of the Amorites until they fully deserved judgment. • do not yet warrant their destruction (literally are not yet full): To give the Promised Land to Israel, the Lord would dispossess the land’s inhabitants in a way that satisfied his justice. The fulfillment of promises to Israel also brought retributive judgment on people of the land (though individuals were saved by faith; see Josh 2:1-15; 6:23-25; Heb 11:31; Jas 2:25). Until then, God would send the family to Egypt where Israel could become a great nation. Seeing all this in advance was terrifying (Gen 15:12), but it was comforting to know that nothing could interfere with God’s plan.

Versículo 17

X. 15:17-18 smoking firepot . . . flaming torch: Fire represented the Lord’s cleansing, consuming ze…

15:17-18 smoking firepot . . . flaming torch: Fire represented the Lord’s cleansing, consuming zeal and unapproachable holiness (cp. Isa 6:3-7). The holy God made (literally cut) a unilateral covenant with Abram; its promises were absolutely sure because they did not depend on what Abram or his descendants might do.

Versículo 18

XI. 15:18-19 God specified the boundaries of the Promised Land. His clear message to Abram was that d…

15:18-19 God specified the boundaries of the Promised Land. His clear message to Abram was that despite prospects of death and suffering (enslavement), he and his descendants would eventually receive the promises, for God had sworn an oath (see Heb 6:13-14). Nothing can separate God’s people from his love or the fulfillment of his plans (see Rom 8:18-39; 2 Pet 1:3-4).

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Genesis — Capítulo 15