Antiguo Testamento

Ezekiel — Capítulo 28

The prophet Ezekiel’s book contains strange visions, images, and messages that seem far removed from contemporary life. Yet its message remains very relevant: God will purify his people and live among them forever. Even during the darkest days, God insisted that he would restore his people. This message offered hope to the exiled people of Judah and provides inspiration to all who put their tru…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Vino a mí palabra de Jehová, diciendo:

2Hijo de hombre, di al príncipe de Tiro: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: Por cuanto se enalteció tu corazón, y dijiste: Yo soy un dios, en el trono de Dios estoy sentado en medio de los mares (siendo tú hombre y no Dios), y has puesto tu corazón como corazón de Dios;

3he aquí que tú eres más sabio que Daniel; no hay secreto que te sea oculto.

4Con tu sabiduría y con tu prudencia has acumulado riquezas, y has adquirido oro y plata en tus tesoros.

5Con la grandeza de tu sabiduría en tus contrataciones has multiplicado tus riquezas; y a causa de tus riquezas se ha enaltecido tu corazón.

6Por tanto, así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: Por cuanto pusiste tu corazón como corazón de Dios,

7por tanto, he aquí yo traigo sobre ti extranjeros, los fuertes de las naciones, que desenvainarán sus espadas contra la hermosura de tu sabiduría, y mancharán tu esplendor.

8Al sepulcro te harán descender, y morirás con la muerte de los que mueren en medio de los mares.

9¿Hablarás delante del que te mate, diciendo: Yo soy Dios? Tú, hombre eres, y no Dios, en la mano de tu matador.

10De muerte de incircuncisos morirás por mano de extranjeros; porque yo he hablado, dice Jehová el Señor.

11Vino a mí palabra de Jehová, diciendo:

12Hijo de hombre, levanta endechas sobre el rey de Tiro, y dile: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: Tú eras el sello de la perfección, lleno de sabiduría, y acabado de hermosura.

13En Edén, en el huerto de Dios estuviste; de toda piedra preciosa era tu vestidura; de cornerina, topacio, jaspe, crisólito, berilo y ónice; de zafiro, carbunclo, esmeralda y oro; los primores de tus tamboriles y flautas estuvieron preparados para ti en el día de tu creación.

14Tú, querubín grande, protector, yo te puse en el santo monte de Dios, allí estuviste; en medio de las piedras de fuego te paseabas.

15Perfecto eras en todos tus caminos desde el día que fuiste creado, hasta que se halló en ti maldad.

16A causa de la multitud de tus contrataciones fuiste lleno de iniquidad, y pecaste; por lo que yo te eché del monte de Dios, y te arrojé de entre las piedras del fuego, oh querubín protector.

17Se enalteció tu corazón a causa de tu hermosura, corrompiste tu sabiduría a causa de tu esplendor; yo te arrojaré por tierra; delante de los reyes te pondré para que miren en ti.

18Con la multitud de tus maldades y con la iniquidad de tus contrataciones profanaste tu santuario; yo, pues, saqué fuego de en medio de ti, el cual te consumió, y te puse en ceniza sobre la tierra a los ojos de todos los que te miran.

19Todos los que te conocieron de entre los pueblos se maravillarán sobre ti; espanto serás, y para siempre dejarás de ser.

20Vino a mí palabra de Jehová, diciendo:

21Hijo de hombre, pon tu rostro hacia Sidón, y profetiza contra ella,

22y dirás: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: He aquí yo estoy contra ti, oh Sidón, y en medio de ti seré glorificado; y sabrán que yo soy Jehová, cuando haga en ella juicios, y en ella me santifique.

23Enviaré a ella pestilencia y sangre en sus calles, y caerán muertos en medio de ella, con espada contra ella por todos lados; y sabrán que yo soy Jehová.

24Y nunca más será a la casa de Israel espina desgarradora, ni aguijón que le dé dolor, en medio de cuantos la rodean y la menosprecian; y sabrán que yo soy Jehová.

25Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: Cuando recoja a la casa de Israel de los pueblos entre los cuales está esparcida, entonces me santificaré en ellos ante los ojos de las naciones, y habitarán en su tierra, la cual di a mi siervo Jacob.

26Y habitarán en ella seguros, y edificarán casas, y plantarán viñas, y vivirán confiadamente, cuando yo haga juicios en todos los que los despojan en sus alrededores; y sabrán que yo soy Jehová su Dios.

TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES

Versículo 1

I. 28:1-19 The third panel against Tyre (see study note on 26:1–28:19) addresses and condemns its ru…

28:1-19 The third panel against Tyre (see study note on 26:1–28:19) addresses and condemns its ruler, the prince of Tyre, for his pride. He personifies the city of Tyre, so his fate represents Tyre’s fate. In his arrogance, the prince of Tyre laid claim to divinity and the power that goes with it, asserting that he sat on a divine throne, ruling the chaotic, untamable seas. The reality, however, was otherwise; he was only a man. • This chapter and Isa 14 (about the king of Babylon) have often been interpreted as referring to the heavenly conflict between God and Satan, “the prince of demons” (Matt 12:24). However, this view ignores the historical nature of both passages. Tyre and Babylon were real places and their kings were real men whose great power was matched by great pride. The king of Tyre’s claim to be a god proved hollow. The political powers that oppose God and his people may be agents of Satan in his struggle against God. The sure demise of such human rulers foreshadows God’s ultimate triumph over all the forces of darkness. Every power that sets itself up against the living God will be brought to destruction.

Versículo 3

II. 28:3-5 The prince of Tyre’s claim to divine status was based on his wisdom and his wealth. His wi…

28:3-5 The prince of Tyre’s claim to divine status was based on his wisdom and his wealth. His wisdom had made him very rich, and those riches had made him inordinately proud.

Versículo 6

III. 28:6-7 The prince of Tyre’s pride was the precursor to his fall (Prov 16:18). His claim to wisdom…

28:6-7 The prince of Tyre’s pride was the precursor to his fall (Prov 16:18). His claim to wisdom and power would be empty when the Lord brought the Babylonian army against him; they would draw their swords and cut him down to size.

Versículo 8

IV. 28:8 The clearest demonstration that the prince of Tyre was a mortal man and not a divine being c…

28:8 The clearest demonstration that the prince of Tyre was a mortal man and not a divine being came when he was put to death by the Babylonians. His final resting place would not be in the heights with the gods, but in the pit, the residence of the dead. Like the city of Tyre, the prince of Tyre would die in the heart of the sea (cp. 27:26-27).

Versículo 10

V. 28:10 will die like an outcast: Literally will die the death of the uncircumcised. He would peris…

28:10 will die like an outcast: Literally will die the death of the uncircumcised. He would perish apart from a covenant relationship with God (cp. Gen 17:10-14).

Versículo 12

VI. 28:12-19 This eulogy at first appears to take the prince of Tyre’s aspirations to divinity seriou…

28:12-19 This eulogy at first appears to take the prince of Tyre’s aspirations to divinity seriously. He was the very model of perfection, full of wisdom and . . . beauty. It turns out to be a sarcastic lament.

Versículo 13

VII. 28:13-14 Mocking Tyre’s claim to antiquity and preeminence, Ezekiel describes its king as being p…

28:13-14 Mocking Tyre’s claim to antiquity and preeminence, Ezekiel describes its king as being present in Eden at the beginning of the world, as the mighty angelic guardian—that is, as one of the heavenly beings that carried the Lord’s throne in ch 1 and guarded the garden in Gen 3. There in Eden, he had access to the holy mountain of God (mountains are often associated with God’s presence in the Bible). • The stones of fire may be an obscure reference to a hedge of sparkling gemstones around the Garden of Eden. The list of jewels that the prince of Tyre supposedly wore in his original glory adds to this image of his divine election since it includes nine of the twelve jewels found on the high priest’s breastplate in Exod 28. This description satirizes the prince of Tyre’s claim to an even higher place than Adam’s—a place among the divine beings themselves.

Versículo 15

VIII. 28:15-18 This sarcastic description of the prince of Tyre’s greatness and pride sets him up for h…

28:15-18 This sarcastic description of the prince of Tyre’s greatness and pride sets him up for his coming fall, which is cast in terms reminiscent of the fall of humanity (Gen 3). As with Adam, the king of Tyre’s supposedly blameless condition was not permanent, but came to an abrupt end when evil was found in him. His rich commerce and dishonest trade led him to violence (cp. Ezek 26:17). One who claimed to be greater than Adam could experience a fall from favor similar to Adam’s and be banished . . . from the mountain of God, the place of God’s favor. The prince of Tyre’s God-given beauty and wisdom were corrupted by his pride, which inevitably led to disaster and exposed his true nature.

Versículo 18

IX. 28:18-19 Far from being a deity who could sanctify a piece of ground by his presence, the prince …

28:18-19 Far from being a deity who could sanctify a piece of ground by his presence, the prince of Tyre had the opposite effect. He defiled the holy ground of his sanctuaries. Judgment was pronounced on his city in the previous two panels, and it was the prince of Tyre’s fate to come to a terrible end, and . . . exist no more (cp. 26:21; 27:36). The exalted captain would go down with his glorious ship and be brought to nothing by the Lord’s act.

Versículo 20

X. 28:20-24 No specific charges are made against Sidon, Tyre’s close neighbor to the north, though p…

28:20-24 No specific charges are made against Sidon, Tyre’s close neighbor to the north, though presumably it was guilty of similar offenses. Its rejoicing at Judah’s destruction would not last.

Versículo 22

XI. 28:22-23 The Lord planned to reveal his glory and holiness by bringing upon Sidon the threefold j…

28:22-23 The Lord planned to reveal his glory and holiness by bringing upon Sidon the threefold judgment of plague, blood, and attack (or the sword) on every side.

Versículo 25

XII. 28:25-26 The Lord would not reveal his holiness simply by judging the nations for their pride, ar…

28:25-26 The Lord would not reveal his holiness simply by judging the nations for their pride, arrogance, and enmity toward his chosen people. He would also gather his people back to the land of Israel. There they would live safely and be able to build homes and plant vineyards, which were typical signs of covenantal blessing in the Old Testament (see Mic 4:4; Zech 3:10). After God acted to punish the neighboring nations and restore his people, they would be at rest. The nations would know that God is the Sovereign Lord through his powerful acts of judgment, and Israel would know that he was the Lord their God, a title that speaks of God’s covenant relationship of worship and fellowship with them.

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Ezekiel — Capítulo 28