Antiguo Testamento

Exodus — Capítulo 33

What does it mean to be in a relationship with God, the ultimate being in the universe? How does one establish that relationship? What is that relationship like, and what does it take to stay in it? These are questions that people around the world have been asking since the beginning of time. The book of Exodus provided the ancient Israelites with answers to such questions, revealing not only w…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Jehová dijo a Moisés: Anda, sube de aquí, tú y el pueblo que sacaste de la tierra de Egipto, a la tierra de la cual juré a Abraham, Isaac y Jacob, diciendo: A tu descendencia la daré;

2y yo enviaré delante de ti el ángel, y echaré fuera al cananeo y al amorreo, al heteo, al ferezeo, al heveo y al jebuseo

3(a la tierra que fluye leche y miel); pero yo no subiré en medio de ti, porque eres pueblo de dura cerviz, no sea que te consuma en el camino.

4Y oyendo el pueblo esta mala noticia, vistieron luto, y ninguno se puso sus atavíos.

5Porque Jehová había dicho a Moisés: Di a los hijos de Israel: Vosotros sois pueblo de dura cerviz; en un momento subiré en medio de ti, y te consumiré. Quítate, pues, ahora tus atavíos, para que yo sepa lo que te he de hacer.

6Entonces los hijos de Israel se despojaron de sus atavíos desde el monte Horeb.

7Y Moisés tomó el tabernáculo, y lo levantó lejos, fuera del campamento, y lo llamó el Tabernáculo de Reunión. Y cualquiera que buscaba a Jehová, salía al tabernáculo de reunión que estaba fuera del campamento.

8Y sucedía que cuando salía Moisés al tabernáculo, todo el pueblo se levantaba, y cada cual estaba en pie a la puerta de su tienda, y miraban en pos de Moisés, hasta que él entraba en el tabernáculo.

9Cuando Moisés entraba en el tabernáculo, la columna de nube descendía y se ponía a la puerta del tabernáculo, y Jehová hablaba con Moisés.

10Y viendo todo el pueblo la columna de nube que estaba a la puerta del tabernáculo, se levantaba cada uno a la puerta de su tienda y adoraba.

11Y hablaba Jehová a Moisés cara a cara, como habla cualquiera a su compañero. Y él volvía al campamento; pero el joven Josué hijo de Nun, su servidor, nunca se apartaba de en medio del tabernáculo.

12Y dijo Moisés a Jehová: Mira, tú me dices a mí: Saca este pueblo; y tú no me has declarado a quién enviarás conmigo. Sin embargo, tú dices: Yo te he conocido por tu nombre, y has hallado también gracia en mis ojos.

13Ahora, pues, si he hallado gracia en tus ojos, te ruego que me muestres ahora tu camino, para que te conozca, y halle gracia en tus ojos; y mira que esta gente es pueblo tuyo.

14Y él dijo: Mi presencia irá contigo, y te daré descanso.

15Y Moisés respondió: Si tu presencia no ha de ir conmigo, no nos saques de aquí.

16¿Y en qué se conocerá aquí que he hallado gracia en tus ojos, yo y tu pueblo, sino en que tú andes con nosotros, y que yo y tu pueblo seamos apartados de todos los pueblos que están sobre la faz de la tierra?

17Y Jehová dijo a Moisés: También haré esto que has dicho, por cuanto has hallado gracia en mis ojos, y te he conocido por tu nombre.

18Él entonces dijo: Te ruego que me muestres tu gloria.

19Y le respondió: Yo haré pasar todo mi bien delante de tu rostro, y proclamaré el nombre de Jehová delante de ti; y tendré misericordia del que tendré misericordia, y seré clemente para con el que seré clemente.

20Dijo más: No podrás ver mi rostro; porque no me verá hombre, y vivirá.

21Y dijo aún Jehová: He aquí un lugar junto a mí, y tú estarás sobre la peña;

22y cuando pase mi gloria, yo te pondré en una hendidura de la peña, y te cubriré con mi mano hasta que haya pasado.

23Después apartaré mi mano, y verás mis espaldas; mas no se verá mi rostro.

TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES

Versículo 1

I. 33:1-6 God would not lead the people up to Canaan as he had previously led them (see 33:3; but se…

33:1-6 God would not lead the people up to Canaan as he had previously led them (see 33:3; but see also 33:14-17). Instead, he would send an angel (33:2).

Versículo 2

II. 33:2-3 an angel. . . . But I will not travel: This angel was possibly not the “angel of the Lord,…

33:2-3 an angel. . . . But I will not travel: This angel was possibly not the “angel of the Lord,” since in Exodus and other parts of the Old Testament, the angel of the Lord is closely associated with the presence of the Lord himself (see 3:2; 23:20-23). Or, God might have been saying that while he would go before them in the person of the angel (33:2), he would not dwell among them (33:3) in the Tabernacle, as he had planned. • Canaanites . . . Jebusites: See study note on 3:8.

Versículo 3

III. 33:3 land that flows with milk and honey: Although Canaan was not as fertile as the Nile Valley i…

33:3 land that flows with milk and honey: Although Canaan was not as fertile as the Nile Valley in Egypt, it was a great deal more productive agriculturally than the Sinai Desert where they were. • stubborn and rebellious: They were covenant-breakers. • I would surely destroy you: As the Covenant Lord (see study note on 23:20-33), he would enforce the terms of the covenant that called for the destruction of covenant-breakers (see 24:7-8 and study notes).

Versículo 4

IV. 33:4-6 The jewelry and fine clothes might have been worn while worshiping the gold calf. Here the…

33:4-6 The jewelry and fine clothes might have been worn while worshiping the gold calf. Here their removal signifies mourning (33:4) and repentance.

Versículo 7

V. 33:7-11 The means of communication between God and his people before the completion of the Tabern…

33:7-11 The means of communication between God and his people before the completion of the Tabernacle are probably recorded here to explain the communications in 33:1-6 and 33:12-23. 33:7 Although the Tabernacle is often referred to as the Tent of Meeting (see study note on 27:21), the “Tent of Meeting” referred to here was another, temporary tent. When the Tabernacle was completed, it was located in the center of the camp (see Num 2:1-31).

Versículo 8

VI. 33:8-11 get up and stand . . . stand and bow down: The people were awed by the thought that Moses…

33:8-11 get up and stand . . . stand and bow down: The people were awed by the thought that Moses was talking directly to God, face to face (33:11).

Versículo 11

VII. 33:11 Just as Joshua had previously gained experience as a military leader (see 17:9-13), he was …

33:11 Just as Joshua had previously gained experience as a military leader (see 17:9-13), he was now gaining experience as a spiritual leader (see also 24:13). Here he may have remained behind to guard the tent, a function the Levites would later fulfill with the Tabernacle (1 Chr 26).

Versículo 12

VIII. 33:12-23 Moses begged for God to go with him and the people to the Promised Land. In these verses…

33:12-23 Moses begged for God to go with him and the people to the Promised Land. In these verses the word personally (33:14-15) usually reflects a Hebrew term literally rendered face. Moses wanted to continue experiencing the “face to face” relationship he had begun to have (33:11). He also wanted the people to have that experience in some sense. 33:12 I know you by name: Moses had been appointed by God himself.

Versículo 13

IX. 33:13 let me know your ways: Moses did not merely want God’s blessings; he wanted to know God’s n…

33:13 let me know your ways: Moses did not merely want God’s blessings; he wanted to know God’s nature and character, as well as the manner of and reasons for his actions. God’s goal of revealing himself was beginning to be realized, at least in one person. • Moses wanted God himself to accompany them, because they were the Lord’s own people.

Versículo 14

X. 33:14 I will give you rest: Literally a place to roost, as in a place where a bird can land and b…

33:14 I will give you rest: Literally a place to roost, as in a place where a bird can land and be at peace. Ever since Abraham left Ur, he and his descendants had had no such place.

Versículo 15

XI. 33:15-16 Moses made his request even more direct. Again he showed his understanding of what God w…

33:15-16 Moses made his request even more direct. Again he showed his understanding of what God was doing. The Exodus was not merely about getting the Israelites out of Egypt so they could go to Canaan. It was about a personal experience of God that would change how they lived. If that was not possible, then they might just as well have stayed at Sinai. Going on to Canaan would be disastrous without the Lord.

Versículo 17

XII. 33:17 The Lord reaffirmed his agreement to go with them and his personal appointment of Moses.

33:17 The Lord reaffirmed his agreement to go with them and his personal appointment of Moses.

Versículo 18

XIII. 33:18 Moses asked for confirmation of God’s promises. He asked to see God’s glorious presence (li…

33:18 Moses asked for confirmation of God’s promises. He asked to see God’s glorious presence (literally glory). He was asking for an experience of seeing the very essence of God (see study note on 16:7).

Versículo 19

XIV. 33:19 In his positive reply, God subtly changed the terms. He would grant Moses a glorious experi…

33:19 In his positive reply, God subtly changed the terms. He would grant Moses a glorious experience, but he would not show Moses his face. Rather, he would show him his goodness and express his character (my name), marked above all by mercy and compassion (see Rom 9:14-16). • Yahweh: Here God is emphasizing his own personal name.

Versículo 20

XV. 33:20-23 God longs to show us his character, but to see his face (his essence) and his glorious p…

33:20-23 God longs to show us his character, but to see his face (his essence) and his glorious presence (33:22) would be to die. Moses was permitted a glimpse of that, but nothing more.

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Exodus — Capítulo 33