During the final phase of Paul’s apostolic career, a serious disruption was troubling the long-established Christian church in Ephesus: Some church leaders had become false teachers. Paul had warned that this would happen (Acts 20:29-31), and now their impact was threatening the life and well-being of the community. A skillful person was needed to restore order to God’s household. Paul gave thi…
1No reprendas al anciano, sino exhórtale como a padre; a los más jóvenes, como a hermanos;
2a las ancianas, como a madres; a las jovencitas, como a hermanas, con toda pureza.
3Honra a las viudas que en verdad lo son.
4Pero si alguna viuda tiene hijos, o nietos, aprendan estos primero a ser piadosos para con su propia familia, y a recompensar a sus padres; porque esto es lo bueno y agradable delante de Dios.
5Mas la que en verdad es viuda y ha quedado sola, espera en Dios, y es diligente en súplicas y oraciones noche y día.
6Pero la que se entrega a los placeres, viviendo está muerta.
7Manda también estas cosas, para que sean irreprensibles;
8porque si alguno no provee para los suyos, y mayormente para los de su casa, ha negado la fe, y es peor que un incrédulo.
9Sea puesta en la lista solo la viuda no menor de sesenta años, que haya sido esposa de un solo marido,
10que tenga testimonio de buenas obras; si ha criado hijos; si ha practicado la hospitalidad; si ha lavado los pies de los santos; si ha socorrido a los afligidos; si ha practicado toda buena obra.
11Pero viudas más jóvenes no admitas; porque cuando, impulsadas por sus deseos, se rebelan contra Cristo, quieren casarse,
12incurriendo así en condenación, por haber quebrantado su primera fe.
13Y también aprenden a ser ociosas, andando de casa en casa; y no solamente ociosas, sino también chismosas y entremetidas, hablando lo que no debieran.
14Quiero, pues, que las viudas jóvenes se casen, críen hijos, gobiernen su casa; que no den al adversario ninguna ocasión de maledicencia.
15Porque ya algunas se han apartado en pos de Satanás.
16Si algún creyente o alguna creyente tiene viudas, que las mantenga, y no sea gravada la iglesia, a fin de que haya lo suficiente para las que en verdad son viudas.
17Los ancianos que gobiernan bien, sean tenidos por dignos de doble honor, mayormente los que trabajan en predicar y enseñar.
18Pues la Escritura dice: No pondrás bozal al buey que trilla; y: Digno es el obrero de su salario.
19Contra un anciano no admitas acusación sino con dos o tres testigos.
20A los que persisten en pecar, repréndelos delante de todos, para que los demás también teman.
21Te encarezco delante de Dios y del Señor Jesucristo, y de sus ángeles escogidos, que guardes estas cosas sin prejuicios, no haciendo nada con parcialidad.
22No impongas con ligereza las manos a ninguno, ni participes en pecados ajenos. Consérvate puro.
23Ya no bebas agua, sino usa de un poco de vino por causa de tu estómago y de tus frecuentes enfermedades.
24Los pecados de algunos hombres se hacen patentes antes que ellos vengan a juicio, mas a otros se les descubren después.
25Asimismo se hacen manifiestas las buenas obras; y las que son de otra manera, no pueden permanecer ocultas.
TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES
I
Versículo 1
I. 5:1–6:2a Right conduct in God’s household (see 3:15) relates to old and young (5:1-2), widows (5:…
5:1–6:2a Right conduct in God’s household (see 3:15) relates to old and young (5:1-2), widows (5:3-16), elders (5:17-25), and slaves (6:1-2a). Proper honor within the household cuts across social boundaries.
II
Versículo 3
II. 5:3-16 A widow without wealth or family was alone in a world that did not provide for her. The Ch…
5:3-16 A widow without wealth or family was alone in a world that did not provide for her. The Christian community was expected to care for such widows among its members (see Deut 10:17-19; Isa 1:17; cp. Acts 6:1-6; Jas 1:27). Some have argued that this passage suggests a religious order of widows in the first-century church at Ephesus, but there is no certain evidence of such an order in the first-century church, only of a ministry of care for community members without means.
III
Versículo 5
III. 5:5 The only recourse for a widow who was truly alone was hope in God (Pss 68:5; 146:9).
5:5 The only recourse for a widow who was truly alone was hope in God (Pss 68:5; 146:9).
IV
Versículo 6
IV. 5:6 Some widows in Ephesus were living only for pleasure, more interested in receiving than in gi…
5:6 Some widows in Ephesus were living only for pleasure, more interested in receiving than in giving (see also 6:17-19; Jas 5:5). They did not need support.
V
Versículo 8
V. 5:8 Faith is not mere belief but a whole way of life (see Jas 2:14-26).
5:8 Faith is not mere belief but a whole way of life (see Jas 2:14-26).
VI
Versículo 9
VI. 5:9 at least sixty: Young widows required a different approach (5:11-15). Young and old were cust…
5:9 at least sixty: Young widows required a different approach (5:11-15). Young and old were customarily divided at around forty; elders would probably have been over fifty (see Titus 2:2). • was faithful to her husband (literally was the wife of one husband): The grammar is identical in 1 Tim 3:2, 12; Titus 1:6.
VII
Versículo 10
VII. 5:10 and served other believers humbly: Cp. Gen 18:4; Luke 7:44; John 13:1-17.
5:10 and served other believers humbly: Cp. Gen 18:4; Luke 7:44; John 13:1-17.
VIII
Versículo 11
VIII. 5:11-15 Young widows still in their childbearing years required a different approach. Paul was co…
5:11-15 Young widows still in their childbearing years required a different approach. Paul was concerned that the false teachers were leading them astray.
5:11-12 If Paul was concerned about remarriage to unbelievers (cp. 5:14), their previous pledge would refer to their Christian faith, which they would surrender upon entering a pagan marriage; such a marriage would probably have alienated them from Christ. It is also possible that Paul and the church recognized a special category of “sacred widowhood” (see 5:5; cp. Acts 9:36-37), entered by a vow that Paul refers to as the previous pledge.
IX
Versículo 13
IX. 5:13 Too seldom do those who are fully supported by the church invest their lives in remarkable p…
5:13 Too seldom do those who are fully supported by the church invest their lives in remarkable piety (cp. 2:9-10; 5:10). Abusing the church’s support does not help them or the Good News (cp. 5:14). • talking about things they shouldn’t: The wording suggests involvement in the false teaching (5:15; cp. 2 Thes 3:11-13; Titus 1:11).
X
Versículo 14
X. 5:14 Paul is advising younger widows to remarry—and to marry believers (5:11-12; cp. 2:15). • not…
5:14 Paul is advising younger widows to remarry—and to marry believers (5:11-12; cp. 2:15). • not . . . say anything against them: Their actions were hurting their testimony for the Good News (see 1 Thes 4:11-12; Titus 2:8).
XI
Versículo 15
XI. 5:15 now follow Satan: They had committed apostasy, renouncing Christ, probably in connection wit…
5:15 now follow Satan: They had committed apostasy, renouncing Christ, probably in connection with the false teachers (1:6-7; cp. 3:6-7; Heb 2:1) and their self-indulgence (1 Tim 5:6, 13).
XII
Versículo 16
XII. 5:16 Individual Christian households maintained their function and identity within the church (cp…
5:16 Individual Christian households maintained their function and identity within the church (cp. 2:15; 3:15). They were not eclipsed by the church, although the household of God is primary to the identity of the believing community (see Mark 3:31-35).
XIII
Versículo 17
XIII. 5:17-25 Elders: As in Judaism, community leaders (see also 3:1-7; Titus 1:5-9) were usually older…
5:17-25 Elders: As in Judaism, community leaders (see also 3:1-7; Titus 1:5-9) were usually older men who were leaders in the wider community. The letters to Timothy and Titus recognize an office of elders, as here (see also 1 Tim 4:14; Titus 1:5), but the word is also used generally for older men in the community (as in 1 Tim 5:1).
5:17-18 should be respected and paid well (literally should be worthy of double honor): Cp. Gal 6:6. There is no evidence of a paid clergy at this time; the word used here is never used for a continuous salary, though it does imply something beyond a show of respect. The quotations from Scripture (Deut 25:4; Luke 10:7) suggest gifts of money.
XIV
Versículo 19
XIV. 5:19-21 The climate created by the false teachers may have led to spurious charges against the le…
5:19-21 The climate created by the false teachers may have led to spurious charges against the leaders of the community. This passage follows the outline of Deut 19:15-21. • two or three witnesses: See Deut 17:6; 19:15; Matt 18:16; 2 Cor 13:1; Heb 10:28.
XV
Versículo 20
XV. 5:20 Those who sin: This term refers either to one who is (rightly) accused or to one making a (f…
5:20 Those who sin: This term refers either to one who is (rightly) accused or to one making a (false) accusation (Deut 19:16-19). • The others are either the other elders or the rest of the church (cp. Deut 19:20; Acts 5:1-11).
16
Versículo 21
16. 5:21 God and Christ Jesus and the highest angels constitute three witnesses (5:19). These witness…
5:21 God and Christ Jesus and the highest angels constitute three witnesses (5:19). These witnesses confirm the accusation against leaders who sin (5:20). • Angels are associated with God’s judgment (Dan 7:9-10; Matt 13:49; 25:31, 41; Luke 9:26; 2 Thes 1:7).
17
Versículo 22
17. 5:22 Do not share in the sins of others: Those who commission an elder are responsible for his co…
5:22 Do not share in the sins of others: Those who commission an elder are responsible for his conduct.
18
Versículo 23
18. 5:23 Possibly the concern with purity (5:22) was being taken too far with respect to wine (see 3:…
5:23 Possibly the concern with purity (5:22) was being taken too far with respect to wine (see 3:3; Num 6:1-21) or food (1 Cor 10:21). Wine may have been considered medicinal.
19
Versículo 24
19. 5:24-25 These two proverbial statements summarize 5:17-23 and point to God’s judgment.
5:24-25 These two proverbial statements summarize 5:17-23 and point to God’s judgment.
Nuevo Testamento
1 Timothy — Capítulo 5
During the final phase of Paul’s apostolic career, a serious disruption was troubling the long-established Christian church in Ephesus: Some church leaders had become false teachers. Paul had warned that this would happen (Acts 20:29-31), and now their impact was threatening the life and well-being of the community. A skillful person was needed to restore order to God’s household. Paul gave thi…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1No reprendas al anciano, sino exhórtale como a padre; a los más jóvenes, como a hermanos;
2a las ancianas, como a madres; a las jovencitas, como a hermanas, con toda pureza.
3Honra a las viudas que en verdad lo son.
4Pero si alguna viuda tiene hijos, o nietos, aprendan estos primero a ser piadosos para con su propia familia, y a recompensar a sus padres; porque esto es lo bueno y agradable delante de Dios.
5Mas la que en verdad es viuda y ha quedado sola, espera en Dios, y es diligente en súplicas y oraciones noche y día.
6Pero la que se entrega a los placeres, viviendo está muerta.
7Manda también estas cosas, para que sean irreprensibles;
8porque si alguno no provee para los suyos, y mayormente para los de su casa, ha negado la fe, y es peor que un incrédulo.
9Sea puesta en la lista solo la viuda no menor de sesenta años, que haya sido esposa de un solo marido,
10que tenga testimonio de buenas obras; si ha criado hijos; si ha practicado la hospitalidad; si ha lavado los pies de los santos; si ha socorrido a los afligidos; si ha practicado toda buena obra.
11Pero viudas más jóvenes no admitas; porque cuando, impulsadas por sus deseos, se rebelan contra Cristo, quieren casarse,
12incurriendo así en condenación, por haber quebrantado su primera fe.
13Y también aprenden a ser ociosas, andando de casa en casa; y no solamente ociosas, sino también chismosas y entremetidas, hablando lo que no debieran.
14Quiero, pues, que las viudas jóvenes se casen, críen hijos, gobiernen su casa; que no den al adversario ninguna ocasión de maledicencia.
15Porque ya algunas se han apartado en pos de Satanás.
16Si algún creyente o alguna creyente tiene viudas, que las mantenga, y no sea gravada la iglesia, a fin de que haya lo suficiente para las que en verdad son viudas.
17Los ancianos que gobiernan bien, sean tenidos por dignos de doble honor, mayormente los que trabajan en predicar y enseñar.
18Pues la Escritura dice: No pondrás bozal al buey que trilla; y: Digno es el obrero de su salario.
19Contra un anciano no admitas acusación sino con dos o tres testigos.
20A los que persisten en pecar, repréndelos delante de todos, para que los demás también teman.
21Te encarezco delante de Dios y del Señor Jesucristo, y de sus ángeles escogidos, que guardes estas cosas sin prejuicios, no haciendo nada con parcialidad.
22No impongas con ligereza las manos a ninguno, ni participes en pecados ajenos. Consérvate puro.
23Ya no bebas agua, sino usa de un poco de vino por causa de tu estómago y de tus frecuentes enfermedades.
24Los pecados de algunos hombres se hacen patentes antes que ellos vengan a juicio, mas a otros se les descubren después.
25Asimismo se hacen manifiestas las buenas obras; y las que son de otra manera, no pueden permanecer ocultas.
TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES
Versículo 1
I. 5:1–6:2a Right conduct in God’s household (see 3:15) relates to old and young (5:1-2), widows (5:…
Versículo 3
II. 5:3-16 A widow without wealth or family was alone in a world that did not provide for her. The Ch…
Versículo 5
III. 5:5 The only recourse for a widow who was truly alone was hope in God (Pss 68:5; 146:9).
Versículo 6
IV. 5:6 Some widows in Ephesus were living only for pleasure, more interested in receiving than in gi…
Versículo 8
V. 5:8 Faith is not mere belief but a whole way of life (see Jas 2:14-26).
Versículo 9
VI. 5:9 at least sixty: Young widows required a different approach (5:11-15). Young and old were cust…
Versículo 10
VII. 5:10 and served other believers humbly: Cp. Gen 18:4; Luke 7:44; John 13:1-17.
Versículo 11
VIII. 5:11-15 Young widows still in their childbearing years required a different approach. Paul was co…
Versículo 13
IX. 5:13 Too seldom do those who are fully supported by the church invest their lives in remarkable p…
Versículo 14
X. 5:14 Paul is advising younger widows to remarry—and to marry believers (5:11-12; cp. 2:15). • not…
Versículo 15
XI. 5:15 now follow Satan: They had committed apostasy, renouncing Christ, probably in connection wit…
Versículo 16
XII. 5:16 Individual Christian households maintained their function and identity within the church (cp…
Versículo 17
XIII. 5:17-25 Elders: As in Judaism, community leaders (see also 3:1-7; Titus 1:5-9) were usually older…
Versículo 19
XIV. 5:19-21 The climate created by the false teachers may have led to spurious charges against the le…
Versículo 20
XV. 5:20 Those who sin: This term refers either to one who is (rightly) accused or to one making a (f…
Versículo 21
16. 5:21 God and Christ Jesus and the highest angels constitute three witnesses (5:19). These witness…
Versículo 22
17. 5:22 Do not share in the sins of others: Those who commission an elder are responsible for his co…
Versículo 23
18. 5:23 Possibly the concern with purity (5:22) was being taken too far with respect to wine (see 3:…
Versículo 24
19. 5:24-25 These two proverbial statements summarize 5:17-23 and point to God’s judgment.