(Job 31:1-40) Job proceeds to prove that he deserved a better lot. As in the twenty-ninth chapter, he showed his uprightness as an emir, or magistrate in public life, so in this chapter he vindicates his character in …
1Hice pacto con mis ojos; ¿Cómo, pues, había yo de mirar a una virgen?
2Porque ¿qué galardón me daría de arriba Dios, Y qué heredad el Omnipotente desde las alturas?
3¿No hay quebrantamiento para el impío, Y extrañamiento para los que hacen iniquidad?
4¿No ve él mis caminos, Y cuenta todos mis pasos?
5Si anduve con mentira, Y si mi pie se apresuró a engaño,
6Péseme Dios en balanzas de justicia, Y conocerá mi integridad.
7Si mis pasos se apartaron del camino, Si mi corazón se fue tras mis ojos, Y si algo se pegó a mis manos,
8Siembre yo, y otro coma, Y sea arrancada mi siembra.
9Si fue mi corazón engañado acerca de mujer, Y si estuve acechando a la puerta de mi prójimo,
10Muela para otro mi mujer, Y sobre ella otros se encorven.
11Porque es maldad e iniquidad Que han de castigar los jueces.
12Porque es fuego que devoraría hasta el Abadón, Y consumiría toda mi hacienda.
13Si hubiera tenido en poco el derecho de mi siervo y de mi sierva, Cuando ellos contendían conmigo,
14¿Qué haría yo cuando Dios se levantase? Y cuando él preguntara, ¿qué le respondería yo?
15El que en el vientre me hizo a mí, ¿no lo hizo a él? ¿Y no nos dispuso uno mismo en la matriz?
16Si estorbé el contento de los pobres, E hice desfallecer los ojos de la viuda;
17Si comí mi bocado solo, Y no comió de él el huérfano
18(Porque desde mi juventud creció conmigo como con un padre, Y desde el vientre de mi madre fui guía de la viuda);
19Si he visto que pereciera alguno sin vestido, Y al menesteroso sin abrigo;
20Si no me bendijeron sus lomos, Y del vellón de mis ovejas se calentaron;
21Si alcé contra el huérfano mi mano, Aunque viese que me ayudaran en la puerta;
22Mi espalda se caiga de mi hombro, Y el hueso de mi brazo sea quebrado.
23Porque temí el castigo de Dios, Contra cuya majestad yo no tendría poder.
24Si puse en el oro mi esperanza, Y dije al oro: Mi confianza eres tú;
25Si me alegré de que mis riquezas se multiplicasen, Y de que mi mano hallase mucho;
26Si he mirado al sol cuando resplandecía, O a la luna cuando iba hermosa,
27Y mi corazón se engañó en secreto, Y mi boca besó mi mano;
28Esto también sería maldad juzgada; Porque habría negado al Dios soberano.
29Si me alegré en el quebrantamiento del que me aborrecía, Y me regocijé cuando le halló el mal
30(Ni aun entregué al pecado mi lengua, Pidiendo maldición para su alma);
31Si mis siervos no decían: ¿Quién no se ha saciado de su carne?
32(El forastero no pasaba fuera la noche; Mis puertas abría al caminante);
33Si encubrí como hombre mis transgresiones, Escondiendo en mi seno mi iniquidad,
34Porque tuve temor de la gran multitud, Y el menosprecio de las familias me atemorizó, Y callé, y no salí de mi puerta;
35¡Quién me diera quien me oyese! He aquí mi confianza es que el Omnipotente testificará por mí, Aunque mi adversario me forme proceso.
36Ciertamente yo lo llevaría sobre mi hombro, Y me lo ceñiría como una corona.
37Yo le contaría el número de mis pasos, Y como príncipe me presentaría ante él.
38Si mi tierra clama contra mí, Y lloran todos sus surcos;
39Si comí su sustancia sin dinero, O afligí el alma de sus dueños,
40En lugar de trigo me nazcan abrojos, Y espinos en lugar de cebada. Aquí terminan las palabras de Job.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. Had I let my senses tempt me to sin, "what portion (would there have been to me, that is, must I …
Had I let my senses tempt me to sin, "what portion (would there have been to me, that is, must I have expected) from (literally, of) God above, and what inheritance from (literally, of) the Almighty," &c. [MAURER] (Job 20:29; Job 27:13).
II
Versículo 3
II. Answer to the question in Job 31:2.
Answer to the question in Job 31:2.
strange--extraordinary.
III
Versículo 4
III. Doth not he see? &c.--Knowing this, I could only have expected "destruction" (Job 31:3), had I co…
Doth not he see? &c.--Knowing this, I could only have expected "destruction" (Job 31:3), had I committed this sin (Pro 5:21).
IV
Versículo 5
IV. Job's abstinence from evil deeds.
Job's abstinence from evil deeds.
vanity--that is, falsehood (Psa 12:2).
V
Versículo 6
V. Parenthetical. Translate: "Oh, that God would weigh me . . . then would He know," &c.
Parenthetical. Translate: "Oh, that God would weigh me . . . then would He know," &c.
VI
Versículo 7
VI. Connected with Job 31:6.
Connected with Job 31:6.
the way--of God (Job 23:11; Jer 5:5). A godly life.
heart . . . after . . . eyes--if my heart coveted, what my eyes beheld (Ecc 11:9; Jos 7:21).
hands-- (Psa 24:4).
VII
Versículo 8
VII. Apodosis to Job 31:5, Job 31:7; the curses which he imprecates on himself, if he had done these t…
Apodosis to Job 31:5, Job 31:7; the curses which he imprecates on himself, if he had done these things (Lev 26:16; Amo 9:14; Psa 128:2).
offspring--rather, "what I plant," my harvests.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. Job asserts his innocence of adultery.
Job asserts his innocence of adultery.
deceived--hath let itself be seduced (Pro 7:8; Gen 39:7-12).
laid wait--until the husband went out.
IX
Versículo 10
IX. grind--turn the handmill. Be the most abject slave and concubine (Isa 47:2; Sa2 12:11).
grind--turn the handmill. Be the most abject slave and concubine (Isa 47:2; Sa2 12:11).
X
Versículo 11
X. In the earliest times punished with death (Gen 38:24). So in later times (Deu 22:22). Heretofore …
In the earliest times punished with death (Gen 38:24). So in later times (Deu 22:22). Heretofore he had spoken only of sins against conscience; now, one against the community, needing the cognizance of the judge.
XI
Versículo 12
XI. (Pro 6:27-35; Pro 8:6-23, Pro 8:26-27). No crime more provokes God to send destruction as a consu…
(Pro 6:27-35; Pro 8:6-23, Pro 8:26-27). No crime more provokes God to send destruction as a consuming fire; none so desolates the soul.
XII
Versículo 13
XII. Job affirms his freedom from unfairness towards his servants, from harshness and oppression towar…
Job affirms his freedom from unfairness towards his servants, from harshness and oppression towards the needy.
despise the cause--refused to do them justice.
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. Parenthetical; the reason why Job did not despise the cause of his servants. Translate: What then…
Parenthetical; the reason why Job did not despise the cause of his servants. Translate: What then (had I done so) could I have done, when God arose (to call me to account); and when He visited (came to enquire), what could I have answered Him?
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. Slaveholders try to defend themselves by maintaining the original inferiority of the slave. But M…
Slaveholders try to defend themselves by maintaining the original inferiority of the slave. But Mal 2:10; Act 17:26; Eph 6:9 make the common origin of masters and servants the argument for brotherly love being shown by the former to the latter.
XV
Versículo 16
XV. fail--in the vain expectation of relief (Job 11:20).
fail--in the vain expectation of relief (Job 11:20).
16
Versículo 17
16. Arabian rules of hospitality require the stranger to be helped first, and to the best.
Arabian rules of hospitality require the stranger to be helped first, and to the best.
17
Versículo 18
17. Parenthetical: asserting that he did the contrary to the things in Job 31:16-17.
Parenthetical: asserting that he did the contrary to the things in Job 31:16-17.
he--the orphan.
guided her--namely, the widow, by advice and protection. On this and "a father," see Job 29:16.
18
Versículo 19
18. perish--that is, ready to perish (Job 29:13).
perish--that is, ready to perish (Job 29:13).
19
Versículo 20
19. loins--The parts of the body benefited by Job are poetically described as thanking him; the loins…
loins--The parts of the body benefited by Job are poetically described as thanking him; the loins before naked, when clad by me, wished me every blessing.
20
Versículo 21
20. when--that is, "because."
when--that is, "because."
I saw--that I might calculate on the "help" of a powerful party in the court of justice--("gate"), if I should be summoned by the injured fatherless.
21
Versículo 22
21. Apodosis to Job 31:13, Job 31:16-17, Job 31:19-21. If I had done those crimes, I should have made…
Apodosis to Job 31:13, Job 31:16-17, Job 31:19-21. If I had done those crimes, I should have made a bad use of my influence ("my arm," figuratively, Job 31:21): therefore, if I have done them let my arm (literally) suffer. Job alludes to Eliphaz' charge (Job 22:9). The first "arm" is rather the shoulder. The second "arm" is the forearm.
from the bone--literally, "a reed"; hence the upper arm, above the elbow.
22
Versículo 23
22. For--that is, the reason why Job guarded against such sins. Fear of God, though he could escape m…
For--that is, the reason why Job guarded against such sins. Fear of God, though he could escape man's judgment (Gen 39:9). UMBREIT more spiritedly translates, Yea, destruction and terror from God might have befallen me (had I done so): mere fear not being the motive.
highness--majestic might.
endure--I could have availed nothing against it.
23
Versículo 24
23. Job asserts his freedom from trust in money (Ti1 6:17). Here he turns to his duty towards God, as…
Job asserts his freedom from trust in money (Ti1 6:17). Here he turns to his duty towards God, as before he had spoken of his duty towards himself and his neighbor. Covetousness is covert idolatry, as it transfers the heart from the Creator to the creature (Col 3:5). In Job 31:26-27 he passes to overt idolatry.
24
Versículo 26
24. If I looked unto the sun (as an object of worship) because he shined; or to the moon because she …
If I looked unto the sun (as an object of worship) because he shined; or to the moon because she walked, &c. Sabaism (from tsaba, "the heavenly hosts") was the earliest form of false worship. God is hence called in contradistinction, "Lord of Sabaoth." The sun, moon, and stars, the brightest objects in nature, and seen everywhere, were supposed to be visible representatives of the invisible God. They had no temples, but were worshipped on high places and roofs of houses (Eze 8:16; Deu 4:19; Kg2 23:5, Kg2 23:11). The Hebrew here for "sun" is light. Probably light was worshipped as the emanation from God, before its embodiments, the sun, &c. This worship prevailed in Chaldea; wherefore Job's exemption from the idolatry of his neighbors was the more exemplary. Our "Sun-day," "Mon-day," or Moon-day, bear traces of Sabaism.
25
Versículo 27
25. enticed--away from God to idolatry.
enticed--away from God to idolatry.
kissed . . . hand--"adoration," literally means this. In worshipping they used to kiss the hand, and then throw the kiss, as it were, towards the object of worship (Kg1 19:18; Hos 13:2).
26
Versículo 28
26. The Mosaic law embodied subsequently the feeling of the godly from the earliest times against ido…
The Mosaic law embodied subsequently the feeling of the godly from the earliest times against idolatry, as deserving judicial penalties: being treason against the Supreme King (Deu 13:9; Deu 17:2-7; Eze 8:14-18). This passage therefore does not prove Job to have been subsequent to Moses.
27
Versículo 29
27. lifted up myself--in malicious triumph (Pro 17:5; Pro 24:17; Psa 7:4).
lifted up myself--in malicious triumph (Pro 17:5; Pro 24:17; Psa 7:4).
28
Versículo 30
28. mouth--literally, "palate." (See on Job 6:30).
mouth--literally, "palate." (See on Job 6:30).
wishing--literally, "so as to demand his (my enemy's) soul," that is, "life by a curse." This verse parenthetically confirms Job 31:30. Job in the patriarchal age of the promise, anterior to the law, realizes the Gospel spirit, which was the end of the law (compare Lev 19:18; Deu 23:6, with Mat 5:43-44).
29
Versículo 31
29. That is, Job's household said, Oh, that we had Job's enemy to devour, we cannot rest satisfied ti…
That is, Job's household said, Oh, that we had Job's enemy to devour, we cannot rest satisfied till we have! But Job refrained from even wishing revenge (Sa1 26:8; Sa2 16:9-10). So Jesus Christ (Luk 9:54-55). But, better (see Job 31:32), translated, "Who can show (literally, give) the man who was not satisfied with the flesh (meat) provided by Job?" He never let a poor man leave his gate without giving him enough to eat.
30
Versículo 32
30. traveller--literally, "way," that is, wayfarers; so expressed to include all of every kind (Sa2 1…
traveller--literally, "way," that is, wayfarers; so expressed to include all of every kind (Sa2 12:4).
31
Versículo 33
31. Adam--translated by UMBREIT, "as men do" (Hos 6:7, where see Margin). But English Version is more…
Adam--translated by UMBREIT, "as men do" (Hos 6:7, where see Margin). But English Version is more natural. The very same word for "hiding" is used in Gen 3:8, Gen 3:10, of Adam hiding himself from God. Job elsewhere alludes to the flood. So he might easily know of the fall, through the two links which connect Adam and Abraham (about Job's time), namely, Methuselah and Shem. Adam is representative of fallen man's propensity to concealment (Pro 28:13). It was from God that Job did not "hide his iniquity in his bosom," as on the contrary it was from God that "Adam" hid in his lurking-place. This disproves the translation, "as men"; for it is from their fellow men that "men" are chiefly anxious to hide their real character as guilty. MAGEE, to make the comparison with Adam more exact, for my "bosom" translates, "lurking-place."
32
Versículo 34
32. Rather, the apodosis to Job 31:33, "Then let me be fear-stricken before a great multitude, let th…
Rather, the apodosis to Job 31:33, "Then let me be fear-stricken before a great multitude, let the contempt, &c., let me keep silence (the greatest disgrace to a patriot, heretofore so prominent in assemblies), and not go out," &c. A just retribution that he who hides his sin from God, should have it exposed before man (Sa2 12:12). But Job had not been so exposed, but on the contrary was esteemed in the assemblies of the "tribes"--("families"); a proof, he implies, that God does not hold him guilty of hiding sin (Job 24:16, contrast with Job 29:21-25).
33
Versículo 35
33. Job returns to his wish (Job 13:22; Job 19:23). Omit "is"; "Behold my sign," that is, my mark of …
Job returns to his wish (Job 13:22; Job 19:23). Omit "is"; "Behold my sign," that is, my mark of subscription to the statements just given in my defense: the mark of signature was originally a cross; and hence the letter Tau or T. Translate, also "Oh, that the Almighty," &c. He marks "God" as the "One" meant in the first clause.
adversary--that is, he who contends with me, refers also to God. The vagueness is designed to express "whoever it be that judicially opposes me"--the Almighty if it be He.
had written a book--rather, "would write down his charge."
34
Versículo 36
34. So far from hiding the adversary's "answer" or "charge" through fear,
So far from hiding the adversary's "answer" or "charge" through fear,
I would take it on my shoulders--as a public honor (Isa 9:6).
a crown--not a mark of shame, but of distinction (Isa 62:3).
35
Versículo 37
35. A good conscience imparts a princely dignity before man and free assurance in approaching God. Th…
A good conscience imparts a princely dignity before man and free assurance in approaching God. This can be realized, not in Job's way (Job 42:5-6); but only through Jesus Christ (Heb 10:22).
36
Versículo 38
36. Personification. The complaints of the unjustly ousted proprietors are transferred to the lands t…
Personification. The complaints of the unjustly ousted proprietors are transferred to the lands themselves (Job 31:20; Gen 4:10; Hab 2:11). If I have unjustly acquired lands (Job 24:2; Isa 5:8).
furrows--The specification of these makes it likely, he implies in this, "If I paid not the laborer for tillage"; as Job 31:39, "If I paid him not for gathering in the fruits." Thus of the four clauses in Job 31:38-39, the first refers to the same subject as the fourth, the second is connected with the third by introverted parallelism. Compare Jam 5:4, which plainly alludes to this passage: compare "Lord of Sabaoth" with Job 31:26 here.
37
Versículo 39
37. lose . . . life--not literally, but "harassed to death"; until he gave me up his land gratis [MAU…
lose . . . life--not literally, but "harassed to death"; until he gave me up his land gratis [MAURER]; as in Jdg 16:16; "suffered him to languish" by taking away his means of living [UMBREIT] (Kg1 21:19).
38
Versículo 40
38. thistles--or brambles, thorns.
thistles--or brambles, thorns.
cockle--literally, "noxious weeds."
The words . . . ended--that is, in the controversy with the friends. He spoke in the book afterwards, but not to them. At Job 31:37 would be the regular conclusion in strict art. But Job 31:38-40 are naturally added by one whose mind in agitation recurs to its sense of innocence, even after it has come to the usual stopping point; this takes away the appearance of rhetorical artifice. Hence the transposition by EICHORN of Job 31:38-40 to follow Job 31:25 is quite unwarranted.
Next: Job Chapter 32
Antiguo Testamento
Job — Capítulo 31
(Job 31:1-40) Job proceeds to prove that he deserved a better lot. As in the twenty-ninth chapter, he showed his uprightness as an emir, or magistrate in public life, so in this chapter he vindicates his character in …
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Hice pacto con mis ojos; ¿Cómo, pues, había yo de mirar a una virgen?
2Porque ¿qué galardón me daría de arriba Dios, Y qué heredad el Omnipotente desde las alturas?
3¿No hay quebrantamiento para el impío, Y extrañamiento para los que hacen iniquidad?
4¿No ve él mis caminos, Y cuenta todos mis pasos?
5Si anduve con mentira, Y si mi pie se apresuró a engaño,
6Péseme Dios en balanzas de justicia, Y conocerá mi integridad.
7Si mis pasos se apartaron del camino, Si mi corazón se fue tras mis ojos, Y si algo se pegó a mis manos,
8Siembre yo, y otro coma, Y sea arrancada mi siembra.
9Si fue mi corazón engañado acerca de mujer, Y si estuve acechando a la puerta de mi prójimo,
10Muela para otro mi mujer, Y sobre ella otros se encorven.
11Porque es maldad e iniquidad Que han de castigar los jueces.
12Porque es fuego que devoraría hasta el Abadón, Y consumiría toda mi hacienda.
13Si hubiera tenido en poco el derecho de mi siervo y de mi sierva, Cuando ellos contendían conmigo,
14¿Qué haría yo cuando Dios se levantase? Y cuando él preguntara, ¿qué le respondería yo?
15El que en el vientre me hizo a mí, ¿no lo hizo a él? ¿Y no nos dispuso uno mismo en la matriz?
16Si estorbé el contento de los pobres, E hice desfallecer los ojos de la viuda;
17Si comí mi bocado solo, Y no comió de él el huérfano
18(Porque desde mi juventud creció conmigo como con un padre, Y desde el vientre de mi madre fui guía de la viuda);
19Si he visto que pereciera alguno sin vestido, Y al menesteroso sin abrigo;
20Si no me bendijeron sus lomos, Y del vellón de mis ovejas se calentaron;
21Si alcé contra el huérfano mi mano, Aunque viese que me ayudaran en la puerta;
22Mi espalda se caiga de mi hombro, Y el hueso de mi brazo sea quebrado.
23Porque temí el castigo de Dios, Contra cuya majestad yo no tendría poder.
24Si puse en el oro mi esperanza, Y dije al oro: Mi confianza eres tú;
25Si me alegré de que mis riquezas se multiplicasen, Y de que mi mano hallase mucho;
26Si he mirado al sol cuando resplandecía, O a la luna cuando iba hermosa,
27Y mi corazón se engañó en secreto, Y mi boca besó mi mano;
28Esto también sería maldad juzgada; Porque habría negado al Dios soberano.
29Si me alegré en el quebrantamiento del que me aborrecía, Y me regocijé cuando le halló el mal
30(Ni aun entregué al pecado mi lengua, Pidiendo maldición para su alma);
31Si mis siervos no decían: ¿Quién no se ha saciado de su carne?
32(El forastero no pasaba fuera la noche; Mis puertas abría al caminante);
33Si encubrí como hombre mis transgresiones, Escondiendo en mi seno mi iniquidad,
34Porque tuve temor de la gran multitud, Y el menosprecio de las familias me atemorizó, Y callé, y no salí de mi puerta;
35¡Quién me diera quien me oyese! He aquí mi confianza es que el Omnipotente testificará por mí, Aunque mi adversario me forme proceso.
36Ciertamente yo lo llevaría sobre mi hombro, Y me lo ceñiría como una corona.
37Yo le contaría el número de mis pasos, Y como príncipe me presentaría ante él.
38Si mi tierra clama contra mí, Y lloran todos sus surcos;
39Si comí su sustancia sin dinero, O afligí el alma de sus dueños,
40En lugar de trigo me nazcan abrojos, Y espinos en lugar de cebada. Aquí terminan las palabras de Job.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. Had I let my senses tempt me to sin, "what portion (would there have been to me, that is, must I …
Versículo 3
II. Answer to the question in Job 31:2.
Versículo 4
III. Doth not he see? &c.--Knowing this, I could only have expected "destruction" (Job 31:3), had I co…
Versículo 5
IV. Job's abstinence from evil deeds.
Versículo 6
V. Parenthetical. Translate: "Oh, that God would weigh me . . . then would He know," &c.
Versículo 7
VI. Connected with Job 31:6.
Versículo 8
VII. Apodosis to Job 31:5, Job 31:7; the curses which he imprecates on himself, if he had done these t…
Versículo 9
VIII. Job asserts his innocence of adultery.
Versículo 10
IX. grind--turn the handmill. Be the most abject slave and concubine (Isa 47:2; Sa2 12:11).
Versículo 11
X. In the earliest times punished with death (Gen 38:24). So in later times (Deu 22:22). Heretofore …
Versículo 12
XI. (Pro 6:27-35; Pro 8:6-23, Pro 8:26-27). No crime more provokes God to send destruction as a consu…
Versículo 13
XII. Job affirms his freedom from unfairness towards his servants, from harshness and oppression towar…
Versículo 14
XIII. Parenthetical; the reason why Job did not despise the cause of his servants. Translate: What then…
Versículo 15
XIV. Slaveholders try to defend themselves by maintaining the original inferiority of the slave. But M…
Versículo 16
XV. fail--in the vain expectation of relief (Job 11:20).
Versículo 17
16. Arabian rules of hospitality require the stranger to be helped first, and to the best.
Versículo 18
17. Parenthetical: asserting that he did the contrary to the things in Job 31:16-17.
Versículo 19
18. perish--that is, ready to perish (Job 29:13).
Versículo 20
19. loins--The parts of the body benefited by Job are poetically described as thanking him; the loins…
Versículo 21
20. when--that is, "because."
Versículo 22
21. Apodosis to Job 31:13, Job 31:16-17, Job 31:19-21. If I had done those crimes, I should have made…
Versículo 23
22. For--that is, the reason why Job guarded against such sins. Fear of God, though he could escape m…
Versículo 24
23. Job asserts his freedom from trust in money (Ti1 6:17). Here he turns to his duty towards God, as…
Versículo 26
24. If I looked unto the sun (as an object of worship) because he shined; or to the moon because she …
Versículo 27
25. enticed--away from God to idolatry.
Versículo 28
26. The Mosaic law embodied subsequently the feeling of the godly from the earliest times against ido…
Versículo 29
27. lifted up myself--in malicious triumph (Pro 17:5; Pro 24:17; Psa 7:4).
Versículo 30
28. mouth--literally, "palate." (See on Job 6:30).
Versículo 31
29. That is, Job's household said, Oh, that we had Job's enemy to devour, we cannot rest satisfied ti…
Versículo 32
30. traveller--literally, "way," that is, wayfarers; so expressed to include all of every kind (Sa2 1…
Versículo 33
31. Adam--translated by UMBREIT, "as men do" (Hos 6:7, where see Margin). But English Version is more…
Versículo 34
32. Rather, the apodosis to Job 31:33, "Then let me be fear-stricken before a great multitude, let th…
Versículo 35
33. Job returns to his wish (Job 13:22; Job 19:23). Omit "is"; "Behold my sign," that is, my mark of …
Versículo 36
34. So far from hiding the adversary's "answer" or "charge" through fear,
Versículo 37
35. A good conscience imparts a princely dignity before man and free assurance in approaching God. Th…
Versículo 38
36. Personification. The complaints of the unjustly ousted proprietors are transferred to the lands t…
Versículo 39
37. lose . . . life--not literally, but "harassed to death"; until he gave me up his land gratis [MAU…
Versículo 40
38. thistles--or brambles, thorns.