GOD'S MERCY NOTWITHSTANDING JUDAH'S VILENESS. (Jer. 3:1-25) They say--rather, as Hebrew, "saying," in agreement with "the LORD"; Jer 2:37 of last chapter [MAURER]. Or, it is equivalent to, "Suppose this case." Some co…
1Dicen: Si alguno dejare a su mujer, y yéndose esta de él se juntare a otro hombre, ¿volverá a ella más? ¿No será tal tierra del todo amancillada? Tú, pues, has fornicado con muchos amigos; mas ¡vuélvete a mí! dice Jehová.
2Alza tus ojos a las alturas, y ve en qué lugar no te hayas prostituido. Junto a los caminos te sentabas para ellos como árabe en el desierto, y con tus fornicaciones y con tu maldad has contaminado la tierra.
3Por esta causa las aguas han sido detenidas, y faltó la lluvia tardía; y has tenido frente de ramera, y no quisiste tener vergüenza.
4A lo menos desde ahora, ¿no me llamarás a mí, Padre mío, guiador de mi juventud?
5¿Guardará su enojo para siempre? ¿Eternamente lo guardará? He aquí que has hablado y hecho cuantas maldades pudiste.
6Me dijo Jehová en días del rey Josías: ¿Has visto lo que ha hecho la rebelde Israel? Ella se va sobre todo monte alto y debajo de todo árbol frondoso, y allí fornica.
7Y dije: Después de hacer todo esto, se volverá a mí; pero no se volvió, y lo vio su hermana la rebelde Judá.
8Ella vio que por haber fornicado la rebelde Israel, yo la había despedido y dado carta de repudio; pero no tuvo temor la rebelde Judá su hermana, sino que también fue ella y fornicó.
9Y sucedió que por juzgar ella cosa liviana su fornicación, la tierra fue contaminada, y adulteró con la piedra y con el leño.
10Con todo esto, su hermana la rebelde Judá no se volvió a mí de todo corazón, sino fingidamente, dice Jehová.
11Y me dijo Jehová: Ha resultado justa la rebelde Israel en comparación con la desleal Judá.
12Ve y clama estas palabras hacia el norte, y di: Vuélvete, oh rebelde Israel, dice Jehová; no haré caer mi ira sobre ti, porque misericordioso soy yo, dice Jehová, no guardaré para siempre el enojo.
13Reconoce, pues, tu maldad, porque contra Jehová tu Dios has prevaricado, y fornicaste con los extraños debajo de todo árbol frondoso, y no oíste mi voz, dice Jehová.
14Convertíos, hijos rebeldes, dice Jehová, porque yo soy vuestro esposo; y os tomaré uno de cada ciudad, y dos de cada familia, y os introduciré en Sion;
15y os daré pastores según mi corazón, que os apacienten con ciencia y con inteligencia.
16Y acontecerá que cuando os multipliquéis y crezcáis en la tierra, en esos días, dice Jehová, no se dirá más: Arca del pacto de Jehová; ni vendrá al pensamiento, ni se acordarán de ella, ni la echarán de menos, ni se hará otra.
17En aquel tiempo llamarán a Jerusalén: Trono de Jehová, y todas las naciones vendrán a ella en el nombre de Jehová en Jerusalén; ni andarán más tras la dureza de su malvado corazón.
18En aquellos tiempos irán de la casa de Judá a la casa de Israel, y vendrán juntamente de la tierra del norte a la tierra que hice heredar a vuestros padres.
19Yo preguntaba: ¿Cómo os pondré por hijos, y os daré la tierra deseable, la rica heredad de las naciones? Y dije: Me llamaréis: Padre mío, y no os apartaréis de en pos de mí.
20Pero como la esposa infiel abandona a su compañero, así prevaricasteis contra mí, oh casa de Israel, dice Jehová.
21Voz fue oída sobre las alturas, llanto de los ruegos de los hijos de Israel; porque han torcido su camino, de Jehová su Dios se han olvidado.
22Convertíos, hijos rebeldes, y sanaré vuestras rebeliones. He aquí nosotros venimos a ti, porque tú eres Jehová nuestro Dios.
23Ciertamente vanidad son los collados, y el bullicio sobre los montes; ciertamente en Jehová nuestro Dios está la salvación de Israel.
24Confusión consumió el trabajo de nuestros padres desde nuestra juventud; sus ovejas, sus vacas, sus hijos y sus hijas.
25Yacemos en nuestra confusión, y nuestra afrenta nos cubre; porque pecamos contra Jehová nuestro Dios, nosotros y nuestros padres, desde nuestra juventud y hasta este día, y no hemos escuchado la voz de Jehová nuestro Dios.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. high places--the scene of idolatries which were spiritual adulteries.
high places--the scene of idolatries which were spiritual adulteries.
In . . . ways . . . sat for them--watching for lovers like a prostitute (Gen 38:14, Gen 38:21; Pro 7:12; Pro 23:28; Eze 16:24-25), and like an Arab who lies in wait for travellers. The Arabs of the desert, east and south of Palestine, are still notorious as robbers.
II
Versículo 3
II. no latter rain--essential to the crops in Palestine; withheld in judgment (Lev 26:19; compare Joe…
no latter rain--essential to the crops in Palestine; withheld in judgment (Lev 26:19; compare Joe 2:23).
whore's forehead-- (Jer 8:12; Eze 3:8).
III
Versículo 4
III. from this time--not referring, as MICHAELIS thinks, to the reformation begun the year before, tha…
from this time--not referring, as MICHAELIS thinks, to the reformation begun the year before, that is, the twelfth of Josiah; it means--now at once, now at last.
me--contrasted with the "stock" whom they had heretofore called on as "father" (Jer 2:27; Luk 15:18).
thou art--rather, "thou wast."
guide of . . . youth--that is, husband (Jer 2:2; Pro 2:17; Hos 2:7, Hos 2:15). Husband and father are the two most endearing of ties.
IV
Versículo 5
IV. he--"thou," the second person, had preceded. The change to the third person implies a putting awa…
he--"thou," the second person, had preceded. The change to the third person implies a putting away of God to a greater distance from them; instead of repenting and forsaking their idols, they merely deprecate the continuance of their punishment. Jer 3:12 and Psa 103:9, answer their question in the event of their penitence.
spoken and--rather (God's reply to them), "Thou hast spoken (thus), and yet (all the while) thou hast done evil," &c.
as thou couldest--with all thy might; with incorrigible persistency [CALVIN].
V
Versículo 6
V. From here to Jer 6:30, is a new discourse, delivered in Josiah's reign. It consists of two parts,…
From here to Jer 6:30, is a new discourse, delivered in Josiah's reign. It consists of two parts, the former extending to Jer 4:3, in which he warns Judah from the example of Israel's doom, and yet promises Israel final restoration; the latter a threat of Babylonian invasion; as Nabopolassar founded the Babylonian empire, 625 B.C., the seventeenth of Josiah, this prophecy is perhaps not earlier than that date (Jer 4:5, &c.; Jer 5:14, &c.; Jer 6:1, &c.; Jer. 22:1-30); and probably not later than the second thorough reformation in the eighteenth year of the same reign.
backsliding--literally, "apostasy"; not merely apostate, but apostasy itself, the essence of it (Jer 3:14, Jer 3:22).
VII. I saw that, though (whereas) it was for this very reason (namely), because backsliding (apostate)…
I saw that, though (whereas) it was for this very reason (namely), because backsliding (apostate) Israel had committed adultery I had put her away (Kg2 17:6, Kg2 17:18), and given her a bill of divorce, yet Judah, &c. (Eze 23:11, &c.).
bill of divorce--literally, "a writing of cuttings off." The plural implies the completeness of the severance. The use of this metaphor here, as in the former discourse (Jer 3:1), implies a close connection between the discourses. The epithets are characteristic; Israel "apostate" (as the Hebrew for "backsliding" is better rendered); Judah, not as yet utterly apostate, but treacherous or faithless.
also--herself also, like Israel.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. it--Some take this verse of Judah, to whom the end of Jer 3:8 refers. But Jer 3:10 puts Judah in …
it--Some take this verse of Judah, to whom the end of Jer 3:8 refers. But Jer 3:10 puts Judah in contrast to Israel in this verse. "Yet for all this," referring to the sad example of Israel; if Jer 3:9 referred to Judah, "she" would have been written in Jer 3:10, not "Judah." Translate, "It (the putting away of Israel) had come to pass through . . . whoredom; and (that is, for) she (Israel) had defiled the land" &c. [MAURER]. English Version, however, may be explained to refer to Israel.
lightness--"infamy." [EWALD]. MAURER not so well takes it from the Hebrew root, "voice," "fame."
IX
Versículo 10
IX. yet--notwithstanding the lesson given in Israel's case of the fatal results of apostasy.
yet--notwithstanding the lesson given in Israel's case of the fatal results of apostasy.
not . . . whole heart--The reformation in the eighteenth year of Josiah was not thorough on the part of the people, for at his death they relapsed into idolatry (Ch2 34:33; Hos 7:14).
X
Versículo 11
X. justified herself--has been made to appear almost just (that is, comparatively innocent) by the s…
justified herself--has been made to appear almost just (that is, comparatively innocent) by the surpassing guilt of Judah, who adds hypocrisy and treachery to her sin; and who had the example of Israel to warn her, but in vain (compare Eze 16:51; Eze 23:11).
more than--in comparison with.
XI
Versículo 12
XI. Go--not actually; but turn and proclaim towards the north (Media and Assyria, where the ten tribe…
Go--not actually; but turn and proclaim towards the north (Media and Assyria, where the ten tribes were located by Tiglath-pileser and Shalmaneser, Kg2 15:29; Kg2 17:6; Kg2 18:9, Kg2 18:11).
Return . . . backsliding--Hebrew, Shubah, Meshubah, a play on sounds. In order to excite Judah to godly jealousy (Rom 11:14), Jehovah addresses the exiled ten tribes of Israel with a loving invitation.
cause . . . anger to fall--literally, "I will not let fall My countenance" (compare Gen 4:5-6; Job 29:3), that is, I will not continue to frown on you.
keep--"anger" is to be supplied (see on Jer 3:5).
XII
Versículo 13
XII. Only acknowledge-- (Deu 30:1, Deu 30:3; Pro 28:13).
Only acknowledge-- (Deu 30:1, Deu 30:3; Pro 28:13).
scattered thy ways, &c.-- (Jer 2:25). Not merely the calves at Beth-el, but the idols in every direction, were the objects of their worship (Eze 16:15, Eze 16:24-25).
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. I am married--literally, "I am Lord," that is, husband to you (so Jer 31:32; compare Hos 2:19-20;…
I am married--literally, "I am Lord," that is, husband to you (so Jer 31:32; compare Hos 2:19-20; Isa 54:5). GESENIUS, following the Septuagint version of Jer 31:32, and Paul's quotation of it (Heb 8:9), translates, "I have rejected you"; so the corresponding Arabic, and the idea of lordship, may pass into that of looking down upon, and so rejecting. But the Septuagint in this passage translates, "I will be Lord over you." And the "for" has much more force in English Version than in that of GESENIUS. The Hebrew hardly admits the rendering though [HENGSTENBERG].
take you one of a city--Though but one or two Israelites were in a (foreign) city, they shall not be forgotten; all shall be restored (Amo 9:9). So, in the spiritual Israel, God gathers one convert here, another there, into His Church; not the least one is lost (Mat 18:14; Rom 11:5; compare Jer 24:5-7).
family--a clan or tribe.
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. pastors--not religious, but civil rulers, as Zerubbabel, Nehemiah (Jer 23:4; Jer 2:8).
pastors--not religious, but civil rulers, as Zerubbabel, Nehemiah (Jer 23:4; Jer 2:8).
XV
Versículo 16
XV. they shall say no more--The Jews shall no longer glory in the possession of the ark; it shall not…
they shall say no more--The Jews shall no longer glory in the possession of the ark; it shall not be missed, so great shall be the blessings of the new dispensation. The throne of the Lord, present Himself, shall eclipse and put out of mind the ark of the covenant and the mercy seat between the cherubim, God's former throne. The ark, containing the two tables of the law, disappeared at the Babylonian captivity, and was not restored to the second temple, implying that the symbolical "glory" was to be superseded by a "greater glory" (Hag 2:9).
neither . . . visit it--rather, "neither shall it be missed" (so in Jer 23:4).
done--rather, "neither shall it (the ark) be made (that is, be restored) any more" [MAURER].
16
Versículo 17
16. Jerusalem--the whole city, not merely the temple. As it has been the center of the Hebrew theocra…
Jerusalem--the whole city, not merely the temple. As it has been the center of the Hebrew theocracy, so it shall be the point of attraction to the whole earth (Isa 2:2-4; Zac 2:10-11; Zac 14:16-21).
throne of . . . Lord--The Shekinah, the symbol of God's peculiar nearness to Israel (Deu 4:7) shall be surpassed by the antitype, God's own throne in Jerusalem (Psa 2:6, Psa 2:8; Eze 34:23-24; Zac 2:5).
imagination--rather, as Margin, "the obstinacy" or stubbornness.
17
Versículo 18
17. Judah . . . Israel . . . together--Two distinct apostasies, that of Israel and that of Judah, wer…
Judah . . . Israel . . . together--Two distinct apostasies, that of Israel and that of Judah, were foretold (Jer 3:8, Jer 3:10). The two have never been united since the Babylonish captivity; therefore their joint restoration must be still future (Isa 11:12-13; Eze 37:16-22; Hos 1:11).
north-- (Jer 3:12).
land . . . given . . . inheritance-- (Amo 9:15).
18
Versículo 19
18. The good land covenanted to Abraham is to be restored to his seed. But the question arises, How s…
The good land covenanted to Abraham is to be restored to his seed. But the question arises, How shall this be done?
put . . . among . . . children--the Greek for adoption means, literally, "putting among the sons."
the children--that is, My children. "How shall I receive thee back into My family, after thou hast so long forsaken Me for idols?" The answer is, they would acknowledge Him as "Father," and no longer turn away from Him. God assumes the language of one wondering how so desperate apostates could be restored to His family and its privileges (compare Eze 37:3; CALVIN makes it, How the race of Abraham can be propagated again, being as it were dead); yet as His purpose has decreed it so, He shows how it shall be effected, namely, they shall receive from Him the spirit of adoption to cry, "My Father" (Joh 1:12; Gal 4:6). The elect are "children" already in God's purpose; this is the ground of the subsequent realization of this relationship (Eph 1:5; Heb 2:13).
pleasant land-- (Jer 11:5; Eze 20:6; Dan 11:16, Margin).
heritage of . . . hosts--a heritage the most goodly of all nations [MAURER]; or a "heritage possessed by powerful hosts" (Deu 4:38; Amo 2:9). The rendering "splendors," instead of "hosts," is opposed by the fact that the Hebrew for "splendor" is not found in the plural.
20. In harmony with the preceding promises of God, the penitential confessions of Israel are heard.
In harmony with the preceding promises of God, the penitential confessions of Israel are heard.
high places--The scene of their idolatries is the scene of their confessions. Compare Jer 3:23, in which they cast aside their trust in these idolatrous high places. The publicity of their penitence is also implied (compare Jer 7:29; Jer 48:38).
21
Versículo 22
21. Jehovah's renewed invitation (Jer 3:12, Jer 3:14) and their immediate response.
Jehovah's renewed invitation (Jer 3:12, Jer 3:14) and their immediate response.
heal--forgive (Ch2 30:18, Ch2 30:20; Hos 14:4).
unto thee--rather, "in obedience to thee"; literally, "for thee" [ROSENMULLER].
22
Versículo 23
22. multitude of mountains--that is, the multitude of gods worshipped on them (compare Psa 121:1-2, M…
multitude of mountains--that is, the multitude of gods worshipped on them (compare Psa 121:1-2, Margin).
23
Versículo 24
23. shame--that is, the idols, whose worship only covers us with shame (Jer 11:13; Hos 9:10). So far …
shame--that is, the idols, whose worship only covers us with shame (Jer 11:13; Hos 9:10). So far from bringing us "salvation," they have cost us our cattle and even our children, whom we have sacrificed to them.
Antiguo Testamento
Jeremiah — Capítulo 3
GOD'S MERCY NOTWITHSTANDING JUDAH'S VILENESS. (Jer. 3:1-25) They say--rather, as Hebrew, "saying," in agreement with "the LORD"; Jer 2:37 of last chapter [MAURER]. Or, it is equivalent to, "Suppose this case." Some co…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Dicen: Si alguno dejare a su mujer, y yéndose esta de él se juntare a otro hombre, ¿volverá a ella más? ¿No será tal tierra del todo amancillada? Tú, pues, has fornicado con muchos amigos; mas ¡vuélvete a mí! dice Jehová.
2Alza tus ojos a las alturas, y ve en qué lugar no te hayas prostituido. Junto a los caminos te sentabas para ellos como árabe en el desierto, y con tus fornicaciones y con tu maldad has contaminado la tierra.
3Por esta causa las aguas han sido detenidas, y faltó la lluvia tardía; y has tenido frente de ramera, y no quisiste tener vergüenza.
4A lo menos desde ahora, ¿no me llamarás a mí, Padre mío, guiador de mi juventud?
5¿Guardará su enojo para siempre? ¿Eternamente lo guardará? He aquí que has hablado y hecho cuantas maldades pudiste.
6Me dijo Jehová en días del rey Josías: ¿Has visto lo que ha hecho la rebelde Israel? Ella se va sobre todo monte alto y debajo de todo árbol frondoso, y allí fornica.
7Y dije: Después de hacer todo esto, se volverá a mí; pero no se volvió, y lo vio su hermana la rebelde Judá.
8Ella vio que por haber fornicado la rebelde Israel, yo la había despedido y dado carta de repudio; pero no tuvo temor la rebelde Judá su hermana, sino que también fue ella y fornicó.
9Y sucedió que por juzgar ella cosa liviana su fornicación, la tierra fue contaminada, y adulteró con la piedra y con el leño.
10Con todo esto, su hermana la rebelde Judá no se volvió a mí de todo corazón, sino fingidamente, dice Jehová.
11Y me dijo Jehová: Ha resultado justa la rebelde Israel en comparación con la desleal Judá.
12Ve y clama estas palabras hacia el norte, y di: Vuélvete, oh rebelde Israel, dice Jehová; no haré caer mi ira sobre ti, porque misericordioso soy yo, dice Jehová, no guardaré para siempre el enojo.
13Reconoce, pues, tu maldad, porque contra Jehová tu Dios has prevaricado, y fornicaste con los extraños debajo de todo árbol frondoso, y no oíste mi voz, dice Jehová.
14Convertíos, hijos rebeldes, dice Jehová, porque yo soy vuestro esposo; y os tomaré uno de cada ciudad, y dos de cada familia, y os introduciré en Sion;
15y os daré pastores según mi corazón, que os apacienten con ciencia y con inteligencia.
16Y acontecerá que cuando os multipliquéis y crezcáis en la tierra, en esos días, dice Jehová, no se dirá más: Arca del pacto de Jehová; ni vendrá al pensamiento, ni se acordarán de ella, ni la echarán de menos, ni se hará otra.
17En aquel tiempo llamarán a Jerusalén: Trono de Jehová, y todas las naciones vendrán a ella en el nombre de Jehová en Jerusalén; ni andarán más tras la dureza de su malvado corazón.
18En aquellos tiempos irán de la casa de Judá a la casa de Israel, y vendrán juntamente de la tierra del norte a la tierra que hice heredar a vuestros padres.
19Yo preguntaba: ¿Cómo os pondré por hijos, y os daré la tierra deseable, la rica heredad de las naciones? Y dije: Me llamaréis: Padre mío, y no os apartaréis de en pos de mí.
20Pero como la esposa infiel abandona a su compañero, así prevaricasteis contra mí, oh casa de Israel, dice Jehová.
21Voz fue oída sobre las alturas, llanto de los ruegos de los hijos de Israel; porque han torcido su camino, de Jehová su Dios se han olvidado.
22Convertíos, hijos rebeldes, y sanaré vuestras rebeliones. He aquí nosotros venimos a ti, porque tú eres Jehová nuestro Dios.
23Ciertamente vanidad son los collados, y el bullicio sobre los montes; ciertamente en Jehová nuestro Dios está la salvación de Israel.
24Confusión consumió el trabajo de nuestros padres desde nuestra juventud; sus ovejas, sus vacas, sus hijos y sus hijas.
25Yacemos en nuestra confusión, y nuestra afrenta nos cubre; porque pecamos contra Jehová nuestro Dios, nosotros y nuestros padres, desde nuestra juventud y hasta este día, y no hemos escuchado la voz de Jehová nuestro Dios.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. high places--the scene of idolatries which were spiritual adulteries.
Versículo 3
II. no latter rain--essential to the crops in Palestine; withheld in judgment (Lev 26:19; compare Joe…
Versículo 4
III. from this time--not referring, as MICHAELIS thinks, to the reformation begun the year before, tha…
Versículo 5
IV. he--"thou," the second person, had preceded. The change to the third person implies a putting awa…
Versículo 6
V. From here to Jer 6:30, is a new discourse, delivered in Josiah's reign. It consists of two parts,…
Versículo 7
VI. I said-- (Kg2 17:13).
Versículo 8
VII. I saw that, though (whereas) it was for this very reason (namely), because backsliding (apostate)…
Versículo 9
VIII. it--Some take this verse of Judah, to whom the end of Jer 3:8 refers. But Jer 3:10 puts Judah in …
Versículo 10
IX. yet--notwithstanding the lesson given in Israel's case of the fatal results of apostasy.
Versículo 11
X. justified herself--has been made to appear almost just (that is, comparatively innocent) by the s…
Versículo 12
XI. Go--not actually; but turn and proclaim towards the north (Media and Assyria, where the ten tribe…
Versículo 13
XII. Only acknowledge-- (Deu 30:1, Deu 30:3; Pro 28:13).
Versículo 14
XIII. I am married--literally, "I am Lord," that is, husband to you (so Jer 31:32; compare Hos 2:19-20;…
Versículo 15
XIV. pastors--not religious, but civil rulers, as Zerubbabel, Nehemiah (Jer 23:4; Jer 2:8).
Versículo 16
XV. they shall say no more--The Jews shall no longer glory in the possession of the ark; it shall not…
Versículo 17
16. Jerusalem--the whole city, not merely the temple. As it has been the center of the Hebrew theocra…
Versículo 18
17. Judah . . . Israel . . . together--Two distinct apostasies, that of Israel and that of Judah, wer…
Versículo 19
18. The good land covenanted to Abraham is to be restored to his seed. But the question arises, How s…
Versículo 20
19. Surely--rather, "But."
Versículo 21
20. In harmony with the preceding promises of God, the penitential confessions of Israel are heard.
Versículo 22
21. Jehovah's renewed invitation (Jer 3:12, Jer 3:14) and their immediate response.
Versículo 23
22. multitude of mountains--that is, the multitude of gods worshipped on them (compare Psa 121:1-2, M…
Versículo 24
23. shame--that is, the idols, whose worship only covers us with shame (Jer 11:13; Hos 9:10). So far …
Versículo 25
24. (Ezr 9:7).