EXPOSTULATION WITH THE JEWS, REMINDING THEM OF THEIR FORMER DEVOTEDNESS, AND GOD'S CONSEQUENT FAVOR, AND A DENUNCIATION OF GOD'S COMING JUDGMENTS FOR THEIR IDOLATRY. (Jer. 2:1-37) cry--proclaim. Jerusalem--the headqua…
2Anda y clama a los oídos de Jerusalén, diciendo: Así dice Jehová: Me he acordado de ti, de la fidelidad de tu juventud, del amor de tu desposorio, cuando andabas en pos de mí en el desierto, en tierra no sembrada.
3Santo era Israel a Jehová, primicias de sus nuevos frutos. Todos los que le devoraban eran culpables; mal venía sobre ellos, dice Jehová.
4Oíd la palabra de Jehová, casa de Jacob, y todas las familias de la casa de Israel.
5Así dijo Jehová: ¿Qué maldad hallaron en mí vuestros padres, que se alejaron de mí, y se fueron tras la vanidad y se hicieron vanos?
6Y no dijeron: ¿Dónde está Jehová, que nos hizo subir de la tierra de Egipto, que nos condujo por el desierto, por una tierra desierta y despoblada, por tierra seca y de sombra de muerte, por una tierra por la cual no pasó varón, ni allí habitó hombre?
7Y os introduje en tierra de abundancia, para que comieseis su fruto y su bien; pero entrasteis y contaminasteis mi tierra, e hicisteis abominable mi heredad.
8Los sacerdotes no dijeron: ¿Dónde está Jehová? y los que tenían la ley no me conocieron; y los pastores se rebelaron contra mí, y los profetas profetizaron en nombre de Baal, y anduvieron tras lo que no aprovecha.
9Por tanto, contenderé aún con vosotros, dijo Jehová, y con los hijos de vuestros hijos pleitearé.
10Porque pasad a las costas de Quitim y mirad; y enviad a Cedar, y considerad cuidadosamente, y ved si se ha hecho cosa semejante a esta.
11¿Acaso alguna nación ha cambiado sus dioses, aunque ellos no son dioses? Sin embargo, mi pueblo ha trocado su gloria por lo que no aprovecha.
12Espantaos, cielos, sobre esto, y horrorizaos; desolaos en gran manera, dijo Jehová.
13Porque dos males ha hecho mi pueblo: me dejaron a mí, fuente de agua viva, y cavaron para sí cisternas, cisternas rotas que no retienen agua.
14¿Es Israel siervo? ¿Es esclavo? ¿Por qué ha venido a ser presa?
15Los cachorros del león rugieron contra él, alzaron su voz, y asolaron su tierra; quemadas están sus ciudades, sin morador.
16Aun los hijos de Menfis y de Tafnes te quebrantaron la coronilla.
17¿No te acarreó esto el haber dejado a Jehová tu Dios, cuando te conducía por el camino?
18Ahora, pues, ¿qué tienes tú en el camino de Egipto, para que bebas agua del Nilo? ¿Y qué tienes tú en el camino de Asiria, para que bebas agua del Éufrates?
19Tu maldad te castigará, y tus rebeldías te condenarán; sabe, pues, y ve cuán malo y amargo es el haber dejado tú a Jehová tu Dios, y faltar mi temor en ti, dice el Señor, Jehová de los ejércitos.
20Porque desde muy atrás rompiste tu yugo y tus ataduras, y dijiste: No serviré. Con todo eso, sobre todo collado alto y debajo de todo árbol frondoso te echabas como ramera.
21Te planté de vid escogida, simiente verdadera toda ella; ¿cómo, pues, te me has vuelto sarmiento de vid extraña?
22Aunque te laves con lejía, y amontones jabón sobre ti, la mancha de tu pecado permanecerá aún delante de mí, dijo Jehová el Señor.
23¿Cómo puedes decir: No soy inmunda, nunca anduve tras los baales? Mira tu proceder en el valle, conoce lo que has hecho, dromedaria ligera que tuerce su camino,
24asna montés acostumbrada al desierto, que en su ardor olfatea el viento. De su lujuria, ¿quién la detendrá? Todos los que la buscaren no se fatigarán, porque en el tiempo de su celo la hallarán.
25Guarda tus pies de andar descalzos, y tu garganta de la sed. Mas dijiste: No hay remedio en ninguna manera, porque a extraños he amado, y tras ellos he de ir.
26Como se avergüenza el ladrón cuando es descubierto, así se avergonzará la casa de Israel, ellos, sus reyes, sus príncipes, sus sacerdotes y sus profetas,
27que dicen a un leño: Mi padre eres tú; y a una piedra: Tú me has engendrado. Porque me volvieron la cerviz, y no el rostro; y en el tiempo de su calamidad dicen: Levántate, y líbranos.
28¿Y dónde están tus dioses que hiciste para ti? Levántense ellos, a ver si te podrán librar en el tiempo de tu aflicción; porque según el número de tus ciudades, oh Judá, fueron tus dioses.
29¿Por qué porfías conmigo? Todos vosotros prevaricasteis contra mí, dice Jehová.
30En vano he azotado a vuestros hijos; no han recibido corrección. Vuestra espada devoró a vuestros profetas como león destrozador.
31¡Oh generación! atended vosotros a la palabra de Jehová. ¿He sido yo un desierto para Israel, o tierra de tinieblas? ¿Por qué ha dicho mi pueblo: Somos libres; nunca más vendremos a ti?
32¿Se olvida la virgen de su atavío, o la desposada de sus galas? Pero mi pueblo se ha olvidado de mí por innumerables días.
33¿Por qué adornas tu camino para hallar amor? Aun a las malvadas enseñaste tus caminos.
34Aun en tus faldas se halló la sangre de los pobres, de los inocentes. No los hallaste en ningún delito; sin embargo, en todas estas cosas dices:
35Soy inocente, de cierto su ira se apartó de mí. He aquí yo entraré en juicio contigo, porque dijiste: No he pecado.
36¿Para qué discurres tanto, cambiando tus caminos? También serás avergonzada de Egipto, como fuiste avergonzada de Asiria.
37También de allí saldrás con tus manos sobre tu cabeza, porque Jehová desechó a aquellos en quienes tú confiabas, y no prosperarás por ellos.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 3
I. holiness unto the Lord--that is, was consecrated to the service of Jehovah (Exo 19:5-6). They thu…
holiness unto the Lord--that is, was consecrated to the service of Jehovah (Exo 19:5-6). They thus answered to the motto on their high priest's breastplate, "Holiness to the Lord" (Deu 7:6; Deu 14:2, Deu 14:21).
first-fruits of his increase--that is, of Jehovah's produce. As the first-fruits of the whole produce of the land were devoted to God (Exo 23:19; Num 18:12-13), so Israel was devoted to Him as the first-fruit and representative nation among all nations. So the spiritual Israel (Jam 1:18; Rev 14:4).
devour--carrying on the image of first-fruits which were eaten before the Lord by the priests as the Lord's representatives; all who ate (injured) Jehovah's first-fruits (Israel), contracted guilt: for example, Amalek, the Amorites, &c., were extirpated for their guilt towards Israel.
shall come--rather, "came."
II
Versículo 4
II. Jacob . . . Israel--the whole nation.
Jacob . . . Israel--the whole nation.
families--(See on Jer 1:15). Hear God's word not only collectively, but individually (Zac 12:12-14).
III
Versículo 5
III. iniquity--wrong done to them (Isa 5:4; Mic 6:3; compare Deu 32:4).
iniquity--wrong done to them (Isa 5:4; Mic 6:3; compare Deu 32:4).
walked after vanity--contrasted with "walkest after me in the wilderness" (Jer 2:2): then I was their guide in the barren desert; now they take idols as their guides.
vanity . . . vain--An idol is not only vain (impotent and empty), but vanity itself. Its worshippers acquire its character, becoming vain as it is (Deu 7:26; Psa 115:8). A people's character never rises above that of its gods, which are its "better nature" [BACON] (Kg2 17:15; Jon 2:8).
IV
Versículo 6
IV. Neither said they, Where, &c.--The very words which God uses (Isa 63:9, Isa 63:11, Isa 63:13), wh…
Neither said they, Where, &c.--The very words which God uses (Isa 63:9, Isa 63:11, Isa 63:13), when, as it were, reminding Himself of His former acts of love to Israel as a ground for interposing in their behalf again. When they would not say, Where is Jehovah, &c., God Himself at last said it for them (compare see on Jer 2:2).
deserts . . . pits--The desert between Mount Sinai and Palestine abounds in chasms and pits, in which beasts of burden often sink down to the knees. "Shadow of death" refers to the darkness of the caverns amidst the rocky precipices (Deu 8:15; Deu 32:10).
V
Versículo 7
V. plentiful--literally, "a land of Carmel," or "well-cultivated land": a garden land, in contrast t…
plentiful--literally, "a land of Carmel," or "well-cultivated land": a garden land, in contrast to the "land of deserts" (Jer 2:6).
defiled--by idolatries (Jdg 2:10-17; Psa 78:58-59; Psa 106:38).
you . . . ye--change to the second person from the third, "they" (Jer 2:6), in order to bring home the guilt to the living generation.
VI
Versículo 8
VI. The three leading classes, whose very office under the theocracy was to lead the people to God, d…
The three leading classes, whose very office under the theocracy was to lead the people to God, disowned Him in the same language as the nation at large, "Where is the Lord?" (See Jer 2:6).
priests--whose office it was to expound the law (Mal 2:6-7).
handle--are occupied with the law as the subject of their profession.
pastors--civil, not religious: princes (Jer 3:15), whose duty it was to tend their people.
prophets--who should have reclaimed the people from their apostasy, encouraged them in it by pretended oracles from Baal, the Phœnician false god.
by Baal--in his name and by his authority (compare Jer 11:21).
walked after things . . . not profit--answering to, "walked after vanity," that is, idols (Jer 2:5; compare Jer 2:11; Hab 2:18).
VII
Versículo 9
VII. yet plead--namely, by inflicting still further judgments on you.
yet plead--namely, by inflicting still further judgments on you.
children's children--Three manuscripts and JEROME omit "children's"; they seem to have thought it unsuitable to read "children's children," when "children" had not preceded. But it is designedly so written, to intimate that the final judgment on the nation would be suspended for many generations [HORSLEY]. (Compare Eze 20:35-36; Mic 6:2).
VIII
Versículo 10
VIII. pass over the isles--rather, "cross over to the isles."
pass over the isles--rather, "cross over to the isles."
Chittim . . . Kedar--that is, the heathen nations, west and east. Go where you will, you cannot find an instance of any heathen nation forsaking their own for other gods. Israel alone does this. Yet the heathen gods are false gods; whereas Israel, in forsaking Me for other gods, forsake their "glory" for unprofitable idols.
Chittim--Cyprus, colonized by Phœnicians, who built in it the city of Citium, the modern Chitti. Then the term came to be applied to all maritime coasts of the Mediterranean, especially Greece (Num 24:24; Isa 23:1; Dan 11:30).
Kedar--descended from Ishmael; the Bedouins and Arabs, east of Palestine.
IX
Versículo 11
IX. glory--Jehovah, the glory of Israel (Psa 106:20; Rom 1:23). The Shekinah, or cloud resting on the…
glory--Jehovah, the glory of Israel (Psa 106:20; Rom 1:23). The Shekinah, or cloud resting on the sanctuary, was the symbol of "the glory of the Lord" (Kg1 8:11; compare Rom 9:4). The golden calf was intended as an image of the true God (compare Exo 32:4-5), yet it is called an "idol" (Act 7:41). It (like Roman Catholic images) was a violation of the second commandment, as the heathen multiplying of gods is a violation of the first.
not profit-- (Jer 2:8).
X
Versículo 12
X. Impassioned personification (Isa 1:2).
Impassioned personification (Isa 1:2).
horribly afraid--rather, be horrified."
be . . . very desolate--rather, "be exceedingly aghast" at the monstrous spectacle. Literally, "to be dried up," or "devastated," (places devastated have such an unsightly look) [MAURER].
XI
Versículo 13
XI. two evils--not merely one evil, like the idolaters who know no better; besides simple idolatry, M…
two evils--not merely one evil, like the idolaters who know no better; besides simple idolatry, My people add the sin of forsaking the true God whom they have known; the heathen, though having the sin of idolatry, are free from the further sin of changing the true God for idols (Jer 2:11).
forsaken me--The Hebrew collocation brings out the only living God into more prominent contrast with idol nonentities. "Me they have forsaken, the Fountain," &c. (Jer 17:13; Psa 36:9; Joh 4:14).
broken cisterns--tanks for rain water, common in the East, where wells are scarce. The tanks not only cannot give forth an ever-flowing fresh supply as fountains can, but cannot even retain the water poured into them; the stonework within being broken, the earth drinks up the collected water. So, in general, all earthly, compared with heavenly, means of satisfying man's highest wants (Isa 55:1-2; compare Luk 12:33).
XII
Versículo 14
XII. is he a homeborn slave--No. "Israel is Jehovah's son, even His first-born" (Exo 4:22). Jer 2:16, …
is he a homeborn slave--No. "Israel is Jehovah's son, even His first-born" (Exo 4:22). Jer 2:16, Jer 2:18, Jer 2:36, and the absence of any express contrast of the two parts of the nation are against EICHORN'S view, that the prophet proposes to Judah, as yet spared, the case of Israel (the ten tribes) which had been carried away by Assyria as a warning of what they might expect if they should still put their trust in Egypt. "Were Israel's ten tribes of meaner birth than Judah? Certainly not. If, then, the former fell before Assyria, what can Judah hope from Egypt against Assyria? . . . Israel" is rather here the whole of the remnant still left in their own land, that is, Judah. "How comes it to pass that the nation which once was under God's special protection (Jer 2:3) is now left at the mercy of the foe as a worthless slave?" The prophet sees this event as if present, though it was still future to Judah (Jer 2:19).
XIII
Versículo 15
XIII. lions--the Babylonian princes (Jer 4:7; compare Amo 3:4). The disaster from the Babylonians in th…
lions--the Babylonian princes (Jer 4:7; compare Amo 3:4). The disaster from the Babylonians in the fourth year of Jehoiakim's reign, and again three years later when, relying on Egypt, he revolted from Nebuchadnezzar, is here referred to (Jer 46:2; Kg2 24:1-2).
XIV
Versículo 16
XIV. Noph . . . Tahapanes--Memphis, capital of Lower Egypt, on the west bank of the Nile, near the pyr…
Noph . . . Tahapanes--Memphis, capital of Lower Egypt, on the west bank of the Nile, near the pyramids of Gizeh, opposite the site of modern Cairo. Daphne, on the Tanitic branch of the Nile, near Pelusium, on the frontier of Egypt towards Palestine. Isa 30:4 contracts it, Hanes. These two cities, one the capital, the other that with which the Jews came most in contact, stand for the whole of Egypt. Tahapanes takes its name from a goddess, Tphnet [CHAMPOLLION]. Memphis is from Man-nofri, "the abode of good men"; written in Hebrew, Moph (Hos 9:6), or Noph. The reference is to the coming invasion of Judah by Pharaoh-necho of Egypt, on his return from the Euphrates, when he deposed Jehoahaz and levied a heavy tribute on the land (Kg2 23:33-35). Josiah's death in battle with the same Pharaoh is probably included (Kg2 23:29-30).
have broken--rather, shall feed down the crown, &c., that is, affect with the greatest ignominy, such as baldness was regarded in the East (Jer 48:37; Kg2 2:23). Instead of "also," translate, "even" the Egyptians, in whom thou dost trust, shall miserably disappoint thy expectation [MAURER]. Jehoiakim was twice leagued with them (Kg2 23:34-35): when he received the crown from them, and when he revolted from Nebuchadnezzar (Kg2 24:1-2, Kg2 24:7). The Chaldeans, having become masters of Asia, threatened Egypt. Judea, situated between the contending powers, was thus exposed to the inroads of the one or other of the hostile armies; and unfortunately, except in Josiah's reign, took side with Egypt, contrary to God's warnings.
XV
Versículo 17
XV. Literally, "Has not thy forsaking the Lord . . . procured this (calamity) to thee?" So the Septua…
Literally, "Has not thy forsaking the Lord . . . procured this (calamity) to thee?" So the Septuagint: the Masoretic accents make "this" the subject of the verb, leaving the object to be understood. "Has not this procured (it, that is, the impending calamity) unto thee, that hast forsaken?" &c. (Jer 4:18).
led-- (Deu 32:10).
the way--The article expresses the right way, the way of the Lord: namely, the moral training which they enjoyed in the Mosaic covenant.
16
Versículo 18
16. now--used in a reasoning sense, not of time.
now--used in a reasoning sense, not of time.
the way of Egypt--What hast thou to do with the way, that is, with going down to Egypt; or what . . . with going to Assyria?
drink . . . waters--that is, to seek reinvigorating aid from them; so Jer 2:13, Jer 2:36; compare "waters," meaning numerous forces (Isa 8:7).
Sihor--that is, the black river, in Greek, Melas ("black"), the Nile: so called from the black deposit or soil it leaves after the inundation (Isa 23:3). The Septuagint identifies it with Gihon, one of the rivers of Paradise.
the river--Euphrates, called by pre-eminence, the river; figurative for the Assyrian power. In 625 B.C., the seventeenth year of Josiah, and the fourth of Jeremiah's office, the kingdom of Assyria fell before Babylon, therefore Assyria is here put for Babylon its successor: so in Kg2 23:29; Lam 5:6. There was doubtless a league between Judea and Assyria (that is, Babylon), which caused Josiah to march against Pharaoh-necho of Egypt when that king went against Babylon: the evil consequences of this league are foretold in this verse and Jer 2:36.
17
Versículo 19
17. correct . . . reprove--rather, in the severer sense, "chastise . . . punish" [MAURER].
correct . . . reprove--rather, in the severer sense, "chastise . . . punish" [MAURER].
backslidings--"apostasies"; plural, to express the number and variety of their defections. The very confederacies they entered into were the occasion of their overthrow (Pro 1:31; Isa 3:9; Hos 5:5).
know . . . see--imperative for futures: Thou shalt know and see to thy cost.
my fear--rather, "the fear of Me."
18
Versículo 20
18. I--the Hebrew should be pointed as the second person feminine, a form common in Jeremiah: "Thou h…
I--the Hebrew should be pointed as the second person feminine, a form common in Jeremiah: "Thou hast broken," &c. So the Septuagint, and the sense requires it.
thy yoke . . . bands--the yoke and bands which I laid on thee, My laws (Jer 5:5).
transgress--so the Keri, and many manuscripts read. But the Septuagint and most authorities read, "I will not serve," that is, obey. The sense of English Version is, "I broke thy yoke (in Egypt)," &c., "and (at that time) thou saidst, I will not transgress; whereas thou hast (since then) wandered (from Me)" (Exo 19:8).
hill . . . green tree--the scene of idolatries (Deu 12:2; Isa 57:5, Isa 57:7).
wanderest--rather, "thou hast bowed down thyself" (for the act of adultery: figurative of shameless idolatry, Exo 34:15-16; compare Job 31:10).
19
Versículo 21
19. The same image as in Deu 32:32; Psa 80:8-9; Isa 5:1, &c.
The same image as in Deu 32:32; Psa 80:8-9; Isa 5:1, &c.
unto me--with respect to Me.
20
Versículo 22
20. nitre--not what is now so called, namely, saltpeter; but the natron of Egypt, a mineral alkali, a…
nitre--not what is now so called, namely, saltpeter; but the natron of Egypt, a mineral alkali, an incrustation at the bottom of the lakes, after the summer heat has evaporated the water: used for washing (compare Job 9:30; Pro 25:20).
soap--potash, the carbonate of which is obtained impure from burning different plants, especially the kali of Egypt and Arabia. Mixed with oil it was used for washing.
marked--deeply ingrained, indelibly marked; the Hebrew, catham, being equivalent to cathab. Others translate, "is treasured up," from the Arabic. MAURER from a Syriac root, "is polluted."
21
Versículo 23
21. (Pro 30:12).
(Pro 30:12).
Baalim--plural, to express manifold excellency: compare Elohim.
see--consider.
the valley--namely, of Hinnom, or Tophet, south and east of Jerusalem: rendered infamous by the human sacrifices to Moloch in it (compare Jer 19:2, Jer 19:6, Jer 19:13-14; Jer 32:35; see on Isa 30:33).
thou art--omit. The substantive that follows in this verse (and also that in Jer 2:24) is in apposition with the preceding "thou."
dromedary--rather, a "young she-camel."
traversing--literally, "enfolding"; making its ways complicated by wandering hither and thither, lusting after the male. Compare as to the Jews' spiritual lust, Hos 2:6-7.
22
Versículo 24
22. (Jer 14:6; Job 39:5). "A wild ass," agreeing with "thou" (Jer 2:23).
(Jer 14:6; Job 39:5). "A wild ass," agreeing with "thou" (Jer 2:23).
at her pleasure--rather, "in her ardor," namely, in pursuit of a male, sniffing the wind to ascertain where one is to be found [MAURER].
occasion--either from a Hebrew root, "to meet"; "her meeting (with the male for sexual intercourse), who can avert it?" Or better from an Arabic root: "her heat (sexual impulse), who can allay it?" [MAURER].
all they--whichever of the males desire her company [HORSLEY].
will not weary themselves--have no need to weary themselves in searching for her.
her month--in the season of the year when her sexual impulse is strongest, she puts herself in the way of the males, so that they have no difficulty in finding her.
23
Versículo 25
23. Withhold, &c.--that is, abstain from incontinence; figuratively for idolatry [HOUBIGANT].
Withhold, &c.--that is, abstain from incontinence; figuratively for idolatry [HOUBIGANT].
unshod, &c.--do not run so violently in pursuing lovers, as to wear out thy shoes: do not "thirst" so incontinently after sexual intercourse. HITZIG thinks the reference is to penances performed barefoot to idols, and the thirst occasioned by loud and continued invocations to them.
no hope-- (Jer 18:12; Isa 57:10). "It is hopeless," that is, I am desperately resolved to go on in my own course.
strangers--that is, laying aside the metaphor, "strange gods" (Jer 3:13; Deu 32:16).
24
Versículo 26
24. is ashamed--is put to shame.
is ashamed--is put to shame.
thief-- (Joh 10:1).
Israel--that is, Judah (Jer 2:28).
25
Versículo 27
25. Thou art my father--(Contrast Jer 3:4; Isa 64:8).
Thou art my father--(Contrast Jer 3:4; Isa 64:8).
in . . . trouble they will say--namely, to God (Psa 78:34; Isa 26:16). Trouble often brings men to their senses (Luk 15:16-18).
26
Versículo 28
26. But--God sends them to the gods for whom they forsook Him, to see if they can help them (Deu 32:3…
But--God sends them to the gods for whom they forsook Him, to see if they can help them (Deu 32:37-38; Jdg 10:14).
according to the number of thy cities--Besides national deities, each city had its tutelary god (Jer 11:13).
27
Versículo 29
27. plead with me--that is, contend with Me for afflicting you (Jer 2:23, Jer 2:35).
plead with me--that is, contend with Me for afflicting you (Jer 2:23, Jer 2:35).
28
Versículo 30
28. (Jer 5:3; Jer 6:29; Isa 1:5; Isa 9:13).
(Jer 5:3; Jer 6:29; Isa 1:5; Isa 9:13).
your children--that is, your people, you.
your . . . sword . . . devoured . . . prophets-- (Ch2 36:16; Neh 9:26; Mat 23:29, Mat 23:31).
29
Versículo 31
29. The Hebrew collocation is, "O, the generation, ye," that is, "O ye who now live." The generation …
The Hebrew collocation is, "O, the generation, ye," that is, "O ye who now live." The generation needed only to be named, to call its degeneracy to view, so palpable was it.
wilderness--in which all the necessaries of life are wanting. On the contrary, Jehovah was a never-failing source of supply for all Israel's wants in the wilderness, and afterwards in Canaan.
darkness--literally, "darkness of Jehovah," the strongest Hebrew term for "darkness; the densest darkness"; compare "land of the shadow of death" (Jer 2:6).
We are lords--that is, We are our own masters. We will worship what gods we like (Psa 12:4; Psa 82:6). But it is better to translate from a different Hebrew root: "We ramble at large," without restraint pursuing our idolatrous lusts.
30
Versículo 32
30. Oriental women greatly pride themselves on their ornaments (compare Isa 61:10).
Oriental women greatly pride themselves on their ornaments (compare Isa 61:10).
attire--girdles for the breast.
forgotten me-- (Jer 13:25; Hos 8:14).
31
Versículo 33
31. Why trimmest--MAURER translates, "How skilfully thou dost prepare thy way," &c. But see Kg2 9:30.…
Why trimmest--MAURER translates, "How skilfully thou dost prepare thy way," &c. But see Kg2 9:30. "Trimmest" best suits the image of one decking herself as a harlot.
way--course of life.
therefore--accordingly. Or else, "nay, thou hast even," &c.
also . . . wicked ones--even the wicked harlots, that is, (laying aside the metaphor) even the Gentiles who are wicked, thou teachest to be still more so [GROTIUS].
32
Versículo 34
32. Also--not only art thou polluted with idolatry, but also with the guilt of shedding innocent bloo…
Also--not only art thou polluted with idolatry, but also with the guilt of shedding innocent blood [MAURER]. ROSENMULLER not so well translates, "even in thy skirts," &c.; that is, there is no part of thee (not even thy skirts) that is not stained with innocent blood (Jer 19:4; Kg2 21:16; Psa 106:38). See as to innocent blood shed, not as here in honor of idols, but of prophets for having reproved them (Jer 2:30; Jer 26:20-23).
souls--that is, persons.
search--I did not need to "search deep" to find proof of thy guilt; for it was "upon all these" thy skirts. Not in deep caverns didst thou perpetrate these atrocities, but openly in the vale of Hinnom and within the precincts of the temple.
33
Versículo 35
33. (Jer 2:23, Jer 2:29).
(Jer 2:23, Jer 2:29).
34
Versículo 36
34. gaddest--runnest to and fro, now seeking help from Assyria (Ch2 28:16-21), now from Egypt (Jer 37…
gaddest--runnest to and fro, now seeking help from Assyria (Ch2 28:16-21), now from Egypt (Jer 37:7-8; Isa 30:3).
35
Versículo 37
35. him--Egypt.
him--Egypt.
hands upon . . . head--expressive of mourning (Sa2 13:19).
in them--in those stays in which thou trustest.
Contrary to all precedent in the case of adultery, Jehovah offers a return to Judah, the spiritual adulteress (Jer 3:1-5). A new portion of the book, ending with the sixth chapter. Judah worse than Israel; yet both shall be restored in the last days (Jer. 3:6-25).
Next: Jeremiah Chapter 3
Antiguo Testamento
Jeremiah — Capítulo 2
EXPOSTULATION WITH THE JEWS, REMINDING THEM OF THEIR FORMER DEVOTEDNESS, AND GOD'S CONSEQUENT FAVOR, AND A DENUNCIATION OF GOD'S COMING JUDGMENTS FOR THEIR IDOLATRY. (Jer. 2:1-37) cry--proclaim. Jerusalem--the headqua…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Vino a mí palabra de Jehová, diciendo:
2Anda y clama a los oídos de Jerusalén, diciendo: Así dice Jehová: Me he acordado de ti, de la fidelidad de tu juventud, del amor de tu desposorio, cuando andabas en pos de mí en el desierto, en tierra no sembrada.
3Santo era Israel a Jehová, primicias de sus nuevos frutos. Todos los que le devoraban eran culpables; mal venía sobre ellos, dice Jehová.
4Oíd la palabra de Jehová, casa de Jacob, y todas las familias de la casa de Israel.
5Así dijo Jehová: ¿Qué maldad hallaron en mí vuestros padres, que se alejaron de mí, y se fueron tras la vanidad y se hicieron vanos?
6Y no dijeron: ¿Dónde está Jehová, que nos hizo subir de la tierra de Egipto, que nos condujo por el desierto, por una tierra desierta y despoblada, por tierra seca y de sombra de muerte, por una tierra por la cual no pasó varón, ni allí habitó hombre?
7Y os introduje en tierra de abundancia, para que comieseis su fruto y su bien; pero entrasteis y contaminasteis mi tierra, e hicisteis abominable mi heredad.
8Los sacerdotes no dijeron: ¿Dónde está Jehová? y los que tenían la ley no me conocieron; y los pastores se rebelaron contra mí, y los profetas profetizaron en nombre de Baal, y anduvieron tras lo que no aprovecha.
9Por tanto, contenderé aún con vosotros, dijo Jehová, y con los hijos de vuestros hijos pleitearé.
10Porque pasad a las costas de Quitim y mirad; y enviad a Cedar, y considerad cuidadosamente, y ved si se ha hecho cosa semejante a esta.
11¿Acaso alguna nación ha cambiado sus dioses, aunque ellos no son dioses? Sin embargo, mi pueblo ha trocado su gloria por lo que no aprovecha.
12Espantaos, cielos, sobre esto, y horrorizaos; desolaos en gran manera, dijo Jehová.
13Porque dos males ha hecho mi pueblo: me dejaron a mí, fuente de agua viva, y cavaron para sí cisternas, cisternas rotas que no retienen agua.
14¿Es Israel siervo? ¿Es esclavo? ¿Por qué ha venido a ser presa?
15Los cachorros del león rugieron contra él, alzaron su voz, y asolaron su tierra; quemadas están sus ciudades, sin morador.
16Aun los hijos de Menfis y de Tafnes te quebrantaron la coronilla.
17¿No te acarreó esto el haber dejado a Jehová tu Dios, cuando te conducía por el camino?
18Ahora, pues, ¿qué tienes tú en el camino de Egipto, para que bebas agua del Nilo? ¿Y qué tienes tú en el camino de Asiria, para que bebas agua del Éufrates?
19Tu maldad te castigará, y tus rebeldías te condenarán; sabe, pues, y ve cuán malo y amargo es el haber dejado tú a Jehová tu Dios, y faltar mi temor en ti, dice el Señor, Jehová de los ejércitos.
20Porque desde muy atrás rompiste tu yugo y tus ataduras, y dijiste: No serviré. Con todo eso, sobre todo collado alto y debajo de todo árbol frondoso te echabas como ramera.
21Te planté de vid escogida, simiente verdadera toda ella; ¿cómo, pues, te me has vuelto sarmiento de vid extraña?
22Aunque te laves con lejía, y amontones jabón sobre ti, la mancha de tu pecado permanecerá aún delante de mí, dijo Jehová el Señor.
23¿Cómo puedes decir: No soy inmunda, nunca anduve tras los baales? Mira tu proceder en el valle, conoce lo que has hecho, dromedaria ligera que tuerce su camino,
24asna montés acostumbrada al desierto, que en su ardor olfatea el viento. De su lujuria, ¿quién la detendrá? Todos los que la buscaren no se fatigarán, porque en el tiempo de su celo la hallarán.
25Guarda tus pies de andar descalzos, y tu garganta de la sed. Mas dijiste: No hay remedio en ninguna manera, porque a extraños he amado, y tras ellos he de ir.
26Como se avergüenza el ladrón cuando es descubierto, así se avergonzará la casa de Israel, ellos, sus reyes, sus príncipes, sus sacerdotes y sus profetas,
27que dicen a un leño: Mi padre eres tú; y a una piedra: Tú me has engendrado. Porque me volvieron la cerviz, y no el rostro; y en el tiempo de su calamidad dicen: Levántate, y líbranos.
28¿Y dónde están tus dioses que hiciste para ti? Levántense ellos, a ver si te podrán librar en el tiempo de tu aflicción; porque según el número de tus ciudades, oh Judá, fueron tus dioses.
29¿Por qué porfías conmigo? Todos vosotros prevaricasteis contra mí, dice Jehová.
30En vano he azotado a vuestros hijos; no han recibido corrección. Vuestra espada devoró a vuestros profetas como león destrozador.
31¡Oh generación! atended vosotros a la palabra de Jehová. ¿He sido yo un desierto para Israel, o tierra de tinieblas? ¿Por qué ha dicho mi pueblo: Somos libres; nunca más vendremos a ti?
32¿Se olvida la virgen de su atavío, o la desposada de sus galas? Pero mi pueblo se ha olvidado de mí por innumerables días.
33¿Por qué adornas tu camino para hallar amor? Aun a las malvadas enseñaste tus caminos.
34Aun en tus faldas se halló la sangre de los pobres, de los inocentes. No los hallaste en ningún delito; sin embargo, en todas estas cosas dices:
35Soy inocente, de cierto su ira se apartó de mí. He aquí yo entraré en juicio contigo, porque dijiste: No he pecado.
36¿Para qué discurres tanto, cambiando tus caminos? También serás avergonzada de Egipto, como fuiste avergonzada de Asiria.
37También de allí saldrás con tus manos sobre tu cabeza, porque Jehová desechó a aquellos en quienes tú confiabas, y no prosperarás por ellos.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 3
I. holiness unto the Lord--that is, was consecrated to the service of Jehovah (Exo 19:5-6). They thu…
Versículo 4
II. Jacob . . . Israel--the whole nation.
Versículo 5
III. iniquity--wrong done to them (Isa 5:4; Mic 6:3; compare Deu 32:4).
Versículo 6
IV. Neither said they, Where, &c.--The very words which God uses (Isa 63:9, Isa 63:11, Isa 63:13), wh…
Versículo 7
V. plentiful--literally, "a land of Carmel," or "well-cultivated land": a garden land, in contrast t…
Versículo 8
VI. The three leading classes, whose very office under the theocracy was to lead the people to God, d…
Versículo 9
VII. yet plead--namely, by inflicting still further judgments on you.
Versículo 10
VIII. pass over the isles--rather, "cross over to the isles."
Versículo 11
IX. glory--Jehovah, the glory of Israel (Psa 106:20; Rom 1:23). The Shekinah, or cloud resting on the…
Versículo 12
X. Impassioned personification (Isa 1:2).
Versículo 13
XI. two evils--not merely one evil, like the idolaters who know no better; besides simple idolatry, M…
Versículo 14
XII. is he a homeborn slave--No. "Israel is Jehovah's son, even His first-born" (Exo 4:22). Jer 2:16, …
Versículo 15
XIII. lions--the Babylonian princes (Jer 4:7; compare Amo 3:4). The disaster from the Babylonians in th…
Versículo 16
XIV. Noph . . . Tahapanes--Memphis, capital of Lower Egypt, on the west bank of the Nile, near the pyr…
Versículo 17
XV. Literally, "Has not thy forsaking the Lord . . . procured this (calamity) to thee?" So the Septua…
Versículo 18
16. now--used in a reasoning sense, not of time.
Versículo 19
17. correct . . . reprove--rather, in the severer sense, "chastise . . . punish" [MAURER].
Versículo 20
18. I--the Hebrew should be pointed as the second person feminine, a form common in Jeremiah: "Thou h…
Versículo 21
19. The same image as in Deu 32:32; Psa 80:8-9; Isa 5:1, &c.
Versículo 22
20. nitre--not what is now so called, namely, saltpeter; but the natron of Egypt, a mineral alkali, a…
Versículo 23
21. (Pro 30:12).
Versículo 24
22. (Jer 14:6; Job 39:5). "A wild ass," agreeing with "thou" (Jer 2:23).
Versículo 25
23. Withhold, &c.--that is, abstain from incontinence; figuratively for idolatry [HOUBIGANT].
Versículo 26
24. is ashamed--is put to shame.
Versículo 27
25. Thou art my father--(Contrast Jer 3:4; Isa 64:8).
Versículo 28
26. But--God sends them to the gods for whom they forsook Him, to see if they can help them (Deu 32:3…
Versículo 29
27. plead with me--that is, contend with Me for afflicting you (Jer 2:23, Jer 2:35).
Versículo 30
28. (Jer 5:3; Jer 6:29; Isa 1:5; Isa 9:13).
Versículo 31
29. The Hebrew collocation is, "O, the generation, ye," that is, "O ye who now live." The generation …
Versículo 32
30. Oriental women greatly pride themselves on their ornaments (compare Isa 61:10).
Versículo 33
31. Why trimmest--MAURER translates, "How skilfully thou dost prepare thy way," &c. But see Kg2 9:30.…
Versículo 34
32. Also--not only art thou polluted with idolatry, but also with the guilt of shedding innocent bloo…
Versículo 35
33. (Jer 2:23, Jer 2:29).
Versículo 36
34. gaddest--runnest to and fro, now seeking help from Assyria (Ch2 28:16-21), now from Egypt (Jer 37…
Versículo 37
35. him--Egypt.