COMING INVASION OF JERUSALEM: ITS FAILURE: UNBELIEF OF THE JEWS. (Isa. 29:1-24) Ariel--Jerusalem; Ariel means "Lion of God," that is, city rendered by God invincible: the lion is emblem of a mighty hero (Sa2 23:20). O…
1¡Ay de Ariel, de Ariel, ciudad donde habitó David! Añadid un año a otro, las fiestas sigan su curso.
2Mas yo pondré a Ariel en apretura, y será desconsolada y triste; y será a mí como Ariel.
3Porque acamparé contra ti alrededor, y te sitiaré con campamentos, y levantaré contra ti baluartes.
4Entonces serás humillada, hablarás desde la tierra, y tu habla saldrá del polvo; y será tu voz de la tierra como la de un fantasma, y tu habla susurrará desde el polvo.
5Y la muchedumbre de tus enemigos será como polvo menudo, y la multitud de los fuertes como tamo que pasa; y será repentinamente, en un momento.
6Por Jehová de los ejércitos serás visitada con truenos, con terremotos y con gran ruido, con torbellino y tempestad, y llama de fuego consumidor.
7Y será como sueño de visión nocturna la multitud de todas las naciones que pelean contra Ariel, y todos los que pelean contra ella y su fortaleza, y los que la ponen en apretura.
8Y les sucederá como el que tiene hambre y sueña, y le parece que come, pero cuando despierta, su estómago está vacío; o como el que tiene sed y sueña, y le parece que bebe, pero cuando despierta, se halla cansado y sediento; así será la multitud de todas las naciones que pelearán contra el monte de Sion.
9Deteneos y maravillaos; ofuscaos y cegaos; embriagaos, y no de vino; tambalead, y no de sidra.
10Porque Jehová derramó sobre vosotros espíritu de sueño, y cerró los ojos de vuestros profetas, y puso velo sobre las cabezas de vuestros videntes.
11Y os será toda visión como palabras de libro sellado, el cual si dieren al que sabe leer, y le dijeren: Lee ahora esto; él dirá: No puedo, porque está sellado.
12Y si se diere el libro al que no sabe leer, diciéndole: Lee ahora esto; él dirá: No sé leer.
13Dice, pues, el Señor: Porque este pueblo se acerca a mí con su boca, y con sus labios me honra, pero su corazón está lejos de mí, y su temor de mí no es más que un mandamiento de hombres que les ha sido enseñado;
14por tanto, he aquí que nuevamente excitaré yo la admiración de este pueblo con un prodigio grande y espantoso; porque perecerá la sabiduría de sus sabios, y se desvanecerá la inteligencia de sus entendidos.
15¡Ay de los que se esconden de Jehová, encubriendo el consejo, y sus obras están en tinieblas, y dicen: ¿Quién nos ve, y quién nos conoce?!
16Vuestra perversidad ciertamente será reputada como el barro del alfarero. ¿Acaso la obra dirá de su hacedor: No me hizo? ¿Dirá la vasija de aquel que la ha formado: No entendió?
17¿No se convertirá de aquí a muy poco tiempo el Líbano en campo fructífero, y el campo fértil será estimado por bosque?
18En aquel tiempo los sordos oirán las palabras del libro, y los ojos de los ciegos verán en medio de la oscuridad y de las tinieblas.
19Entonces los humildes crecerán en alegría en Jehová, y aun los más pobres de los hombres se gozarán en el Santo de Israel.
20Porque el violento será acabado, y el escarnecedor será consumido; serán destruidos todos los que se desvelan para hacer iniquidad,
21los que hacen pecar al hombre en palabra; los que arman lazo al que reprendía en la puerta, y pervierten la causa del justo con vanidad.
22Por tanto, Jehová, que redimió a Abraham, dice así a la casa de Jacob: No será ahora avergonzado Jacob, ni su rostro se pondrá pálido;
23porque verá a sus hijos, obra de mis manos en medio de ellos, que santificarán mi nombre; y santificarán al Santo de Jacob, y temerán al Dios de Israel.
24Y los extraviados de espíritu aprenderán inteligencia, y los murmuradores aprenderán doctrina.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. Yet--rather, "Then."
Yet--rather, "Then."
heaviness . . . sorrow--rather, preserving the Hebrew paronomasia, "groaning" and "moaning."
as Ariel--either, "the city shall be as a lion of God," that is, it shall emerge from its dangers unvanquished; or "it shall be as the altar of burnt offering," consuming with fire the besiegers (Isa 29:6; Isa 30:30; Isa 31:9; Lev 10:2); or best, as Isa 29:3 continues the threat, and the promise of deliverance does not come till Isa 29:4, "it shall be like a hearth of burning," that is, a scene of devastation by fire [G. V. SMITH]. The prophecy, probably, contemplates ultimately, besides the affliction and deliverance in Sennacherib's time, the destruction of Jerusalem by Rome, the dispersion of the Jews, their restoration, the destruction of the enemies that besiege the city (Zac 14:2), and the final glory of Israel (Isa 29:17-24).
II
Versículo 3
II. I--Jehovah, acting through the Assyrian, &c., His instruments (Isa 10:5).
I--Jehovah, acting through the Assyrian, &c., His instruments (Isa 10:5).
mount--an artificial mound formed to out-top high walls (Isa 37:33); else a station, namely, of warriors, for the siege.
round about--not fully realized under Sennacherib, but in the Roman siege (Luk 19:43; Luk 21:20).
forts--siege-towers (Deu 20:20).
III
Versículo 4
III. Jerusalem shall be as a captive, humbled to the dust. Her voice shall come from the earth as that…
Jerusalem shall be as a captive, humbled to the dust. Her voice shall come from the earth as that of the spirit-charmers or necromancers (Isa 8:19), faint and shrill, as the voice of the dead was supposed to be. Ventriloquism was doubtless the trick caused to make the voice appear to come from the earth (Isa 19:3). An appropriate retribution that Jerusalem, which consulted necromancers, should be made like them!
IV
Versículo 5
IV. Moreover--rather, "Yet"; yet in this extremity help shall come, and the enemy be scattered.
Moreover--rather, "Yet"; yet in this extremity help shall come, and the enemy be scattered.
strangers--foreign enemies, invaders (Isa 25:2).
it shall be--namely, the destruction of the enemy.
at an instant--in a moment (Isa 30:23).
V
Versículo 6
V. Thou--the Assyrian army.
Thou--the Assyrian army.
thunder, &c.--not literally, in the case of the Assyrians (Isa 37:36); but figuratively for an awful judgment (Isa 30:30; Isa 28:17). The ulterior fulfilment, in the case of the Jews' foes in the last days, may be more literal (see as to "earthquake," Zac 14:4).
VI
Versículo 7
VI. munition--fortress.
munition--fortress.
VII
Versículo 8
VII. Their disappointment in the very height of their confident expectation of taking Jerusalem shall …
Their disappointment in the very height of their confident expectation of taking Jerusalem shall be as great as that of the hungry man who in a dream fancies he eats, but awakes to hunger still (Psa 73:20); their dream shall be dissipated on the fatal morning (Isa 37:36).
soul--simply his appetite: he is still thirsty.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. Stay--rather, "Be astounded"; expressing the stupid and amazed incredulity with which the Jews re…
Stay--rather, "Be astounded"; expressing the stupid and amazed incredulity with which the Jews received Isaiah's announcement.
wonder--The second imperative, as often (Isa 8:9), is a threat; the first is a simple declaration of a fact, "Be astounded, since you choose to be so, at the prophecy, soon you will be amazed at the sight of the actual event" [MAURER].
cry . . . out . . . cry--rather, "Be ye blinded (since you choose to be so, though the light shines all round you), and soon ye shall be blinded" in good earnest to your sorrow [MAURER], (Isa 6:9-10).
not with wine--but with spiritual paralysis (Isa 51:17, Isa 51:21).
ye . . . they--The change from speaking to, to speaking of them, intimates that the prophet turns away from them to a greater distance, because of their stupid unbelief.
IX
Versículo 10
IX. Jehovah gives them up judicially to their own hardness of heart (compare Zac 14:13). Quoted by Pa…
Jehovah gives them up judicially to their own hardness of heart (compare Zac 14:13). Quoted by Paul, with variations from the Septuagint, Rom 11:8. See Isa 6:10; Psa 69:23.
eyes; the prophets, &c.--rather, "hath closed your eyes, the prophets; and your heads (Margin; see also Isa 3:2), the seers, He hath covered." The Orientals cover the head to sleep; thus "covered" is parallel to "closed your eyes" (Jdg 4:19). Covering the face was also preparatory to execution (Est 7:8). This cannot apply to the time when Isaiah himself prophesied, but to subsequent times.
X
Versículo 11
X. of all--rather, "the whole vision." "Vision" is the same here as "revelation," or "law"; in Isa 2…
of all--rather, "the whole vision." "Vision" is the same here as "revelation," or "law"; in Isa 28:15, the same Hebrew word is translated, "covenant" [MAURER].
sealed-- (Isa 8:16), God seals up the truth so that even the learned, because they lack believing docility, cannot discern it (Mat 13:10-17; Mat 11:25). Prophecy remained comparatively a sealed volume (Dan 12:4, Dan 12:9), until Jesus, who "alone is worthy," "opened the seals" (Rev 5:1-5, Rev 5:9; Rev 6:1).
XI
Versículo 12
XI. The unlearned succeed no better than the learned, not from want of human learning, as they fancy,…
The unlearned succeed no better than the learned, not from want of human learning, as they fancy, but from not having the teaching of God (Isa 54:13; Jer 31:34; Joh 6:45; Co1 2:7-10; Jo1 2:20).
XII
Versículo 13
XII. precept of men--instead of the precepts of God, given by His prophets; also worship external, and…
precept of men--instead of the precepts of God, given by His prophets; also worship external, and by rule, not heartfelt as God requires (Joh 4:24). Compare Christ's quotation of this verse from the Septuagint.
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. (Hab 1:5; Act 13:41). The "marvellous work" is one of unparalleled vengeance on the hypocrites: c…
(Hab 1:5; Act 13:41). The "marvellous work" is one of unparalleled vengeance on the hypocrites: compare "strange work," Isa 28:21. The judgment, too, will visit the wise in that respect in which they most pride themselves; their wisdom shall be hid, that is, shall no longer appear, so as to help the nation in its distress (compare Co1 1:19).
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. seek deep to hide--rather, "That seek to hide deeply," &c. (compare Isa 30:1-2). The reference is…
seek deep to hide--rather, "That seek to hide deeply," &c. (compare Isa 30:1-2). The reference is to the secret plan which many of the Jewish nobles had of seeking Egyptian aid against Assyria, contrary to the advice of Isaiah. At the same time the hypocrite in general is described, who, under a plausible exterior, tries to hide his real character, not only from men, but even from God.
XV
Versículo 16
XV. Rather, "Ah! your perverseness! just as if the potter should be esteemed as the clay!" [MAURER]. …
Rather, "Ah! your perverseness! just as if the potter should be esteemed as the clay!" [MAURER]. Or, "Ye invert (turn upside down) the order of things, putting yourselves instead of God," and vice versa, just as if the potter should be esteemed as the clay [HORSLEY], (Isa 45:9; Isa 64:8).
16
Versículo 17
16. turned--as contrasted with your "turnings of things upside down" (Isa 29:16), there shall be othe…
turned--as contrasted with your "turnings of things upside down" (Isa 29:16), there shall be other and better turnings or revolutions; the outpouring of the Spirit in the latter days (Isa 32:15); first on the Jews; which shall be followed by their national restoration (see on Isa 29:2; Zac 12:10) then on the Gentiles (Joe 2:28).
fruitful field--literally, "a Carmel" (see on Isa 10:18). The moral change in the Jewish nation shall be as great as if the wooded Lebanon were to become a fruitful field, and vice versa. Compare Mat 11:12, Greek: "the kingdom of heaven forces itself," as it were, on man's acceptance; instead of men having to seek Messiah, as they had John, in a desert, He presents Himself before them with loving invitations; thus men's hearts, once a moral desert, are reclaimed so as to bear fruits of righteousness: vice versa, the ungodly who seemed prosperous, both in the moral and literal sense, shall be exhibited in their real barrenness.
17
Versículo 18
17. deaf . . . blind--(Compare Mat 11:5). The spiritually blind, &c., are chiefly meant; "the book," …
deaf . . . blind--(Compare Mat 11:5). The spiritually blind, &c., are chiefly meant; "the book," as Revelation is called pre-eminently, shall be no longer "sealed," as is described (Isa 29:11), but the most unintelligent shall hear and see (Isa 35:5).
18
Versículo 19
18. meek--rather, the afflicted godly: the idea is, virtuous suffering (Isa 61:1; Psa 25:9; Psa 37:11…
meek--rather, the afflicted godly: the idea is, virtuous suffering (Isa 61:1; Psa 25:9; Psa 37:11) [BARNES].
poor among men--that is, the poorest of men, namely, the pious poor.
rejoice--when they see their oppressors punished (Isa 29:20-21), and Jehovah exhibited as their protector and rewarder (Isa 29:22-24; Isa 41:17; Jam 2:5).
19
Versículo 20
19. terrible--namely, the persecutors among the Jewish nobles.
terrible--namely, the persecutors among the Jewish nobles.
scorner-- (Isa 28:14, Isa 28:22).
watch for--not only commit iniquity, but watch for opportunities of committing it, and make it their whole study (see Mic 2:1; Mat 26:59; Mat 27:1).
20
Versículo 21
20. Rather, "Who make a man guilty in his cause" [GESENIUS], that is, unjustly condemn him. "A man" i…
Rather, "Who make a man guilty in his cause" [GESENIUS], that is, unjustly condemn him. "A man" is in the Hebrew a poor man, upon whom such unjust condemnations might be practiced with more impunity than on the rich; compare Isa 29:19, "the meek . . . the poor."
him that reproveth--rather, "pleadeth"; one who has a suit at issue.
gate--the place of concourse in a city, where courts of justice were held (Rut 4:11; Pro 31:23; Amo 5:10, Amo 5:12).
just--one who has a just cause; or, Jesus Christ, "the Just One" [HORSLEY].
for a thing of naught--rather, "through falsehood," "by a decision that is null in justice" [BARNES]. Compare as to Christ, Pro 28:21; Mat 26:15; Act 3:13-14; Act 8:33.
21
Versículo 22
21. Join "saith . . . concerning the house of Jacob."
Join "saith . . . concerning the house of Jacob."
redeemed--out of Ur, a land of idolaters (Jos 24:3).
not now--After the moral revolution described (Isa 29:17), the children of Jacob shall no longer give cause to their forefathers to blush for them.
wax pale--with shame and disappointment at the wicked degeneracy of his posterity, and fear as to their punishment.
22
Versículo 23
22. But--rather, "For."
But--rather, "For."
he--Jacob.
work of mine hands--spiritually, as well as physically (Isa 19:25; Isa 60:21; Eph 2:10). By Jehovah's agency Israel shall be cleansed of its corruptions, and shall consist wholly of pious men (Isa 54:13-14; Isa 2:1; Isa 60:21).
midst of him--that is, his land. Or else "His children" are the Gentiles adopted among the Israelites, his lineal descendants (Rom 9:26; Eph 3:6) [HORSLEY].
23
Versículo 24
23. They . . . that erred-- (Isa 28:7).
They . . . that erred-- (Isa 28:7).
learn doctrine--rather, "shall receive discipline" or "instruction." "Murmuring" was the characteristic of Israel's rebellion against God (Exo 16:8; Psa 106:25). This shall be so no more. Chastisements, and, in HORSLEY'S view, the piety of the Gentiles provoking the Jews to holy jealousy (Rom 11:11, Rom 11:14), shall then produce the desired effect.
Jewish ambassadors were now on their way to Egypt to seek aid against Assyria (Isa 30:2-6, Isa 30:15; Isa 31:1). Isaiah denounces this reliance on Egypt rather than on Jehovah. God had prohibited such alliances with heathen nations, and it was a leading part of Jewish polity that they should be a separate people (Exo 23:32; Deu 7:2).
Next: Isaiah Chapter 30
Antiguo Testamento
Isaiah — Capítulo 29
COMING INVASION OF JERUSALEM: ITS FAILURE: UNBELIEF OF THE JEWS. (Isa. 29:1-24) Ariel--Jerusalem; Ariel means "Lion of God," that is, city rendered by God invincible: the lion is emblem of a mighty hero (Sa2 23:20). O…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1¡Ay de Ariel, de Ariel, ciudad donde habitó David! Añadid un año a otro, las fiestas sigan su curso.
2Mas yo pondré a Ariel en apretura, y será desconsolada y triste; y será a mí como Ariel.
3Porque acamparé contra ti alrededor, y te sitiaré con campamentos, y levantaré contra ti baluartes.
4Entonces serás humillada, hablarás desde la tierra, y tu habla saldrá del polvo; y será tu voz de la tierra como la de un fantasma, y tu habla susurrará desde el polvo.
5Y la muchedumbre de tus enemigos será como polvo menudo, y la multitud de los fuertes como tamo que pasa; y será repentinamente, en un momento.
6Por Jehová de los ejércitos serás visitada con truenos, con terremotos y con gran ruido, con torbellino y tempestad, y llama de fuego consumidor.
7Y será como sueño de visión nocturna la multitud de todas las naciones que pelean contra Ariel, y todos los que pelean contra ella y su fortaleza, y los que la ponen en apretura.
8Y les sucederá como el que tiene hambre y sueña, y le parece que come, pero cuando despierta, su estómago está vacío; o como el que tiene sed y sueña, y le parece que bebe, pero cuando despierta, se halla cansado y sediento; así será la multitud de todas las naciones que pelearán contra el monte de Sion.
9Deteneos y maravillaos; ofuscaos y cegaos; embriagaos, y no de vino; tambalead, y no de sidra.
10Porque Jehová derramó sobre vosotros espíritu de sueño, y cerró los ojos de vuestros profetas, y puso velo sobre las cabezas de vuestros videntes.
11Y os será toda visión como palabras de libro sellado, el cual si dieren al que sabe leer, y le dijeren: Lee ahora esto; él dirá: No puedo, porque está sellado.
12Y si se diere el libro al que no sabe leer, diciéndole: Lee ahora esto; él dirá: No sé leer.
13Dice, pues, el Señor: Porque este pueblo se acerca a mí con su boca, y con sus labios me honra, pero su corazón está lejos de mí, y su temor de mí no es más que un mandamiento de hombres que les ha sido enseñado;
14por tanto, he aquí que nuevamente excitaré yo la admiración de este pueblo con un prodigio grande y espantoso; porque perecerá la sabiduría de sus sabios, y se desvanecerá la inteligencia de sus entendidos.
15¡Ay de los que se esconden de Jehová, encubriendo el consejo, y sus obras están en tinieblas, y dicen: ¿Quién nos ve, y quién nos conoce?!
16Vuestra perversidad ciertamente será reputada como el barro del alfarero. ¿Acaso la obra dirá de su hacedor: No me hizo? ¿Dirá la vasija de aquel que la ha formado: No entendió?
17¿No se convertirá de aquí a muy poco tiempo el Líbano en campo fructífero, y el campo fértil será estimado por bosque?
18En aquel tiempo los sordos oirán las palabras del libro, y los ojos de los ciegos verán en medio de la oscuridad y de las tinieblas.
19Entonces los humildes crecerán en alegría en Jehová, y aun los más pobres de los hombres se gozarán en el Santo de Israel.
20Porque el violento será acabado, y el escarnecedor será consumido; serán destruidos todos los que se desvelan para hacer iniquidad,
21los que hacen pecar al hombre en palabra; los que arman lazo al que reprendía en la puerta, y pervierten la causa del justo con vanidad.
22Por tanto, Jehová, que redimió a Abraham, dice así a la casa de Jacob: No será ahora avergonzado Jacob, ni su rostro se pondrá pálido;
23porque verá a sus hijos, obra de mis manos en medio de ellos, que santificarán mi nombre; y santificarán al Santo de Jacob, y temerán al Dios de Israel.
24Y los extraviados de espíritu aprenderán inteligencia, y los murmuradores aprenderán doctrina.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. Yet--rather, "Then."
Versículo 3
II. I--Jehovah, acting through the Assyrian, &c., His instruments (Isa 10:5).
Versículo 4
III. Jerusalem shall be as a captive, humbled to the dust. Her voice shall come from the earth as that…
Versículo 5
IV. Moreover--rather, "Yet"; yet in this extremity help shall come, and the enemy be scattered.
Versículo 6
V. Thou--the Assyrian army.
Versículo 7
VI. munition--fortress.
Versículo 8
VII. Their disappointment in the very height of their confident expectation of taking Jerusalem shall …
Versículo 9
VIII. Stay--rather, "Be astounded"; expressing the stupid and amazed incredulity with which the Jews re…
Versículo 10
IX. Jehovah gives them up judicially to their own hardness of heart (compare Zac 14:13). Quoted by Pa…
Versículo 11
X. of all--rather, "the whole vision." "Vision" is the same here as "revelation," or "law"; in Isa 2…
Versículo 12
XI. The unlearned succeed no better than the learned, not from want of human learning, as they fancy,…
Versículo 13
XII. precept of men--instead of the precepts of God, given by His prophets; also worship external, and…
Versículo 14
XIII. (Hab 1:5; Act 13:41). The "marvellous work" is one of unparalleled vengeance on the hypocrites: c…
Versículo 15
XIV. seek deep to hide--rather, "That seek to hide deeply," &c. (compare Isa 30:1-2). The reference is…
Versículo 16
XV. Rather, "Ah! your perverseness! just as if the potter should be esteemed as the clay!" [MAURER]. …
Versículo 17
16. turned--as contrasted with your "turnings of things upside down" (Isa 29:16), there shall be othe…
Versículo 18
17. deaf . . . blind--(Compare Mat 11:5). The spiritually blind, &c., are chiefly meant; "the book," …
Versículo 19
18. meek--rather, the afflicted godly: the idea is, virtuous suffering (Isa 61:1; Psa 25:9; Psa 37:11…
Versículo 20
19. terrible--namely, the persecutors among the Jewish nobles.
Versículo 21
20. Rather, "Who make a man guilty in his cause" [GESENIUS], that is, unjustly condemn him. "A man" i…
Versículo 22
21. Join "saith . . . concerning the house of Jacob."
Versículo 23
22. But--rather, "For."
Versículo 24
23. They . . . that erred-- (Isa 28:7).