(Isa. 28:1-29) crown of pride--Hebrew for "proud crown of the drunkards," &c. [HORSLEY], namely, Samaria, the capital of Ephraim, or Israel. "Drunkards," literally (Isa 28:7-8; Isa 5:11, Isa 5:22; Amo 4:1; Amo 6:1-6) …
1¡Ay de la corona de soberbia de los ebrios de Efraín, y de la flor caduca de la hermosura de su gloria, que está sobre la cabeza del valle fértil de los aturdidos del vino!
2He aquí, Jehová tiene uno que es fuerte y poderoso; como turbión de granizo y como torbellino trastornador, como ímpetu de recias aguas que inundan, con fuerza derriba a tierra.
3Con los pies será pisoteada la corona de soberbia de los ebrios de Efraín.
4Y será la flor caduca de la hermosura de su gloria que está sobre la cabeza del valle fértil, como la fruta temprana, la primera del verano, la cual, apenas la ve el que la mira, se la traga tan luego como la tiene a mano.
5En aquel día Jehová de los ejércitos será por corona de gloria y diadema de hermosura al remanente de su pueblo;
6y por espíritu de juicio al que se sienta en juicio, y por fuerzas a los que rechacen la batalla en la puerta.
7Pero también estos erraron con el vino, y con sidra se entontecieron; el sacerdote y el profeta erraron con sidra, fueron trastornados por el vino; se aturdieron con la sidra, erraron en la visión, tropezaron en el juicio.
8Porque toda mesa está llena de vómito y suciedad, hasta no haber lugar limpio.
9¿A quién se enseñará ciencia, o a quién se hará entender doctrina? ¿A los destetados?, ¿a los arrancados de los pechos?
10Porque mandamiento tras mandamiento, mandato sobre mandato, renglón tras renglón, línea sobre línea, un poquito allí, otro poquito allá;
11porque en lengua de tartamudos, y en extraña lengua hablará a este pueblo,
12a los cuales él dijo: Este es el reposo; dad reposo al cansado; y este es el refrigerio; mas no quisieron oír.
13La palabra, pues, de Jehová les será mandamiento tras mandamiento, mandato sobre mandato, renglón tras renglón, línea sobre línea, un poquito allí, otro poquito allá; hasta que vayan y caigan de espaldas, y sean quebrantados, enlazados y presos.
14Por tanto, varones burladores que gobernáis a este pueblo que está en Jerusalén, oíd la palabra de Jehová.
15Por cuanto habéis dicho: Pacto tenemos hecho con la muerte, e hicimos convenio con el Seol; cuando pase el turbión del azote, no llegará a nosotros, porque hemos puesto nuestro refugio en la mentira, y en la falsedad nos esconderemos;
16por tanto, Jehová el Señor dice así: He aquí que yo he puesto en Sion por fundamento una piedra, piedra probada, angular, preciosa, de cimiento estable; el que creyere, no se apresure.
17Y ajustaré el juicio a cordel, y a nivel la justicia; y granizo barrerá el refugio de la mentira, y aguas arrollarán el escondrijo.
18Y será anulado vuestro pacto con la muerte, y vuestro convenio con el Seol no será firme; cuando pase el turbión del azote, seréis de él pisoteados.
19Luego que comience a pasar, él os arrebatará; porque de mañana en mañana pasará, de día y de noche; y será ciertamente espanto el entender lo oído.
20La cama será corta para poder estirarse, y la manta estrecha para poder envolverse.
21Porque Jehová se levantará como en el monte Perazim, como en el valle de Gabaón se enojará; para hacer su obra, su extraña obra, y para hacer su operación, su extraña operación.
22Ahora, pues, no os burléis, para que no se aprieten más vuestras ataduras; porque destrucción ya determinada sobre toda la tierra he oído del Señor, Jehová de los ejércitos.
23Estad atentos, y oíd mi voz; atended, y oíd mi dicho.
24El que ara para sembrar, ¿arará todo el día? ¿Romperá y quebrará los terrones de la tierra?
25Cuando ha igualado su superficie, ¿no derrama el eneldo, siembra el comino, pone el trigo en hileras, y la cebada en el lugar señalado, y la avena en su borde apropiado?
26Porque su Dios le instruye, y le enseña lo recto;
27que el eneldo no se trilla con trillo, ni sobre el comino se pasa rueda de carreta; sino que con un palo se sacude el eneldo, y el comino con una vara.
28El grano se trilla; pero no lo trillará para siempre, ni lo comprime con la rueda de su carreta, ni lo quebranta con los dientes de su trillo.
29También esto salió de Jehová de los ejércitos, para hacer maravilloso el consejo y engrandecer la sabiduría.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. strong one--the Assyrian (Isa 10:5).
strong one--the Assyrian (Isa 10:5).
cast down--namely, Ephraim (Isa 28:1) and Samaria, its crown.
with . . . hand--with violence (Isa 8:11).
II
Versículo 3
II. crown . . . the drunkards--rather, "the crown of the drunkards."
crown . . . the drunkards--rather, "the crown of the drunkards."
III
Versículo 4
III. Rather, "the fading flower, their glorious beauty (Isa 28:1), which is on the head of the fat (fe…
Rather, "the fading flower, their glorious beauty (Isa 28:1), which is on the head of the fat (fertile) valley, shall be as the early fig" [G. V. SMITH]. Figs usually ripened in August; but earlier ones (Hebrew bikkurah, Spanish bokkore) in June, and were regarded as a delicacy (Jer 24:2; Hos 9:10; Mic 7:1).
while it is yet--that is, immediately, without delay; describing the eagerness of the Assyrian Shalmaneser, not merely to conquer, but to destroy utterly Samaria; whereas other conquered cities were often spared.
IV
Versículo 5
IV. The prophet now turns to Judah; a gracious promise to the remnant ("residue"); a warning lest thr…
The prophet now turns to Judah; a gracious promise to the remnant ("residue"); a warning lest through like sins Judah should share the fate of Samaria.
crown--in antithesis to the "fading crown" of Ephraim (Isa 28:1, Isa 28:3).
the residue--primarily, Judah, in the prosperous reign of Hezekiah (Kg2 18:7), antitypically, the elect of God; as He here is called their "crown and diadem," so are they called His (Isa 62:3); a beautiful reciprocity.
V
Versículo 6
V. Jehovah will inspire their magistrates with justice, and their soldiers with strength of spirit.
Jehovah will inspire their magistrates with justice, and their soldiers with strength of spirit.
turn . . . battle to . . . gate--the defenders of their country who not only repel the foe from themselves, but drive him to the gates of his own cities (Sa2 11:23; Kg2 18:8).
VI
Versículo 7
VI. Though Judah is to survive the fall of Ephraim, yet "they also" (the men of Judah) have perpetrat…
Though Judah is to survive the fall of Ephraim, yet "they also" (the men of Judah) have perpetrated like sins to those of Samaria (Isa 5:3, Isa 5:11), which must be chastised by God.
erred . . . are out of the way--"stagger . . . reel." Repeated, to express the frequency of the vice.
priest . . . prophet--If the ministers of religion sin so grievously, how much more the other rulers (Isa 56:10, Isa 56:12)!
vision--even in that most sacred function of the prophet to declare God's will revealed to them.
judgment--The priests had the administration of the law committed to them (Deu 17:9; Deu 19:17). It was against the law for the priests to take wine before entering the tabernacle (Lev 10:9; Eze 44:21).
VII
Versículo 9
VII. Here the drunkards are introduced as scoffingly commenting on Isaiah's warnings: "Whom will he (d…
Here the drunkards are introduced as scoffingly commenting on Isaiah's warnings: "Whom will he (does Isaiah presume to) teach knowledge? And whom will He make to understand instruction? Is it those (that is, does he take us to be) just weaned, &c.? For (he is constantly repeating, as if to little children) precept upon precept," &c.
line--a rule or law. [MAURER]. The repetition of sounds in Hebrew tzav latzav, tzav latzav, qav laqav, qav laquav, expresses the scorn of the imitators of Isaiah's speaking; he spoke stammering (Isa 28:11). God's mode of teaching offends by its simplicity the pride of sinners (Kg2 5:11-12; Co1 1:23). Stammerers as they were by drunkenness, and children in knowledge of God, they needed to be spoken to in the language of children, and "with stammering lips" (compare Mat 13:13). A just and merciful retribution.
VIII
Versículo 11
VIII. For--rather, "Truly." This is Isaiah's reply to the scoffers: Your drunken questions shall be ans…
For--rather, "Truly." This is Isaiah's reply to the scoffers: Your drunken questions shall be answered by the severe lessons from God conveyed through the Assyrians and Babylonians; the dialect of these, though Semitic, like the Hebrew, was so far different as to sound to the Jews like the speech of stammerers (compare Isa 33:19; Isa 36:11). To them who will not understand God will speak still more unintelligibly.
IX
Versículo 12
IX. Rather, "He (Jehovah) who hath said to them."
Rather, "He (Jehovah) who hath said to them."
this . . . the rest--Reference may be primarily to "rest" from national warlike preparations, the Jews being at the time "weary" through various preceding calamities, as the Syro-Israelite invasion (Isa 7:8; compare Isa 30:15; Isa 22:8; Isa 39:2; Isa 36:1; Kg2 18:8). But spiritually, the "rest" meant is that to be found in obeying those very "precepts" of God (Isa 28:10) which they jeered at (compare Jer 6:16; Mat 11:29).
X
Versículo 13
X. But--rather, "Therefore," namely, because "they would not hear" (Isa 28:12).
But--rather, "Therefore," namely, because "they would not hear" (Isa 28:12).
that they might go--the designed result to those who, from a defect of the will, so far from profiting by God's mode of instructing, "precept upon precept," &c., made it into a stumbling-block (Hos 6:5; Hos 8:12; Mat 13:14).
go, and fall--image appropriately from "drunkards" (Isa 28:7-8, which they were) who in trying to "go forward fall backward."
XI
Versículo 14
XI. scornful--(See on Isa 28:9).
scornful--(See on Isa 28:9).
XII
Versículo 15
XII. said--virtually, in your conduct, if not in words.
said--virtually, in your conduct, if not in words.
covenant--There may be a tacit reference to their confidence in their "covenant" with the Assyrians in the early part of Hezekiah's prosperous reign, before he ceased to pay tribute to them, as if it ensured Judah from evil, whatever might befall the neighboring Ephraim (Isa 28:1). The full meaning is shown by the language ("covenant with death--hell," or sheol) to apply to all lulled in false security spiritually (Psa 12:4; Ecc 8:8; Jer 8:11); the godly alone are in covenant with death (Job 5:23; Hos 2:18; Co1 3:22).
overflowing scourge--two metaphors: the hostile Assyrian armies like an overwhelming flood.
pass through--namely, through Judea on their way to Egypt, to punish it as the protector of Samaria (Kg2 17:4).
lies--They did not use these words, but Isaiah designates their sentiments by their true name (Amo 2:4).
XIII
Versículo 16
XIII. Literally, "Behold Me as Him who has laid"; namely, in My divine counsel (Rev 13:8); none save I …
Literally, "Behold Me as Him who has laid"; namely, in My divine counsel (Rev 13:8); none save I could lay it (Isa 63:5).
stone--Jesus Christ; Hezekiah [MAURER], or the temple [EWALD], do not realize the full significancy of the language; but only in type point to Him, in whom the prophecy receives its exhaustive accomplishment; whether Isaiah understood its fulness or not (Pe1 1:11-12), the Holy Ghost plainly contemplated its fulfilment in Christ alone; so in Isa 32:1; compare Gen 49:24; Psa 118:22; Mat 21:42; Rom 10:11; Eph 2:20.
tried--both by the devil (Luk 4:1-13) and by men (Luke 20:1-38), and even by God (Mat 27:46); a stone of tested solidity to bear the vast superstructure of man's redemption. The tested righteousness of Christ gives its peculiar merit to His vicarious sacrifice. The connection with the context is, though a "scourge" shall visit Judea (Isa 28:15), yet God's gracious purpose as to the elect remnant, and His kingdom of which "Zion" shall be the center, shall not fail, because its rests on Messiah (Mat 7:24-25; Ti2 2:19).
precious--literally, "of preciousness," so in the Greek, (Pe1 2:7). He is preciousness.
corner-stone-- (Kg1 5:17; Kg1 7:9; Job 38:6); the stone laid at the corner where two walls meet and connecting them; often costly.
make haste--flee in hasty alarm; but the Septuagint has "be ashamed"; so Rom 9:33, and Pe1 2:6, "be confounded," substantially the same idea; he who rests on Him shall not have the shame of disappointment, nor flee in sudden panic (see Isa 30:15; Isa 32:17).
XIV
Versículo 17
XIV. line--the measuring-line of the plummet. HORSLEY translates, "I will appoint judgment for the rul…
line--the measuring-line of the plummet. HORSLEY translates, "I will appoint judgment for the rule, and justice for the plummet." As the corner-stone stands most perpendicular and exactly proportioned, so Jehovah, while holding out grace to believers in the Foundation-stone, will judge the scoffers (Isa 28:15) according to the exact justice of the law (compare Jam 2:13).
hail--divine judgment (Isa 30:30; Isa 32:19).
XV
Versículo 18
XV. disannulled--obliterated, as letters traced on a waxen tablet are obliterated by passing the styl…
disannulled--obliterated, as letters traced on a waxen tablet are obliterated by passing the stylus over it.
trodden down--passing from the metaphor in "scourge" to the thing meant, the army which treads down its enemies.
16
Versículo 19
16. From the time, &c.--rather, "As often as it comes over (that is, passes through), it shall overta…
From the time, &c.--rather, "As often as it comes over (that is, passes through), it shall overtake you" [HORSLEY]; like a flood returning from time to time, frequent hostile invasions shall assail Judah, after the deportation of the ten tribes.
vexation . . . understand . . . report--rather, "It shall be a terror even to hear the mere report of it" [MAURER], (Sa1 3:11). But G. V. SMITH, "Hard treatment (HORSLEY, 'dispersion') only shall make you to understand instruction"; they scorned at the simple way in which the prophet offered it (Isa 28:9); therefore, they must be taught by the severe teachings of adversity.
17
Versículo 20
17. Proverbial, for they shall find all their sources of confidence fail them; all shall be hopeless …
Proverbial, for they shall find all their sources of confidence fail them; all shall be hopeless perplexity in their affairs.
18
Versículo 21
18. Perazim--In the valley of Rephaim (Sa2 5:18, Sa2 5:20; Ch1 14:11), there Jehovah, by David, broke…
Perazim--In the valley of Rephaim (Sa2 5:18, Sa2 5:20; Ch1 14:11), there Jehovah, by David, broke forth as waters do, and made a breach among the Philistines, David's enemies, as Perazim means, expressing a sudden and complete overthrow.
Gibeon-- (Ch1 14:16; Sa2 5:25, Margin); not Joshua's victory (Jos 10:10).
strange--as being against His own people; judgment is not what God delights in; it is, though necessary, yet strange to Him (Lam 3:33).
work--punishing the guilty (Isa 10:12).
19
Versículo 22
19. mockers--a sin which they had committed (Isa 28:9-10).
mockers--a sin which they had committed (Isa 28:9-10).
bands--their Assyrian bondage (Isa 10:27); Judah was then tributary to Assyria; or, "lest your punishment be made still more severe" (Isa 24:22).
consumption--destruction (Isa 10:22-23; Dan 9:27).
20
Versículo 23
20. Calling attention to the following illustration from husbandry (Psa 49:1-2). As the husbandman do…
Calling attention to the following illustration from husbandry (Psa 49:1-2). As the husbandman does his different kinds of work, each in its right time and due proportion, so God adapts His measures to the varying exigencies of the several cases: now mercy, now judgments; now punishing sooner, now later (an answer to the scoff that His judgments, being put off so long, would never come at all, Isa 5:19); His object being not to destroy His people any more than the farmer's object in threshing is to destroy his crop; this vindicates God's "strange work" (Isa 28:21) in punishing His people. Compare the same image, Jer 24:6; Hos 2:23; Mat 3:12.
21
Versículo 24
21. all day--emphatic; he is not always ploughing: he also "sows," and that, too, in accordance with …
all day--emphatic; he is not always ploughing: he also "sows," and that, too, in accordance with sure rules (Isa 28:25).
doth he open--supply "always." Is he always harrowing?
22
Versículo 25
22. face--the "surface" of the ground: "made plain," or level, by harrowing.
face--the "surface" of the ground: "made plain," or level, by harrowing.
fitches--rather, "dill," or "fennel"; Nigella romana, with black seed, easily beaten out, used as a condiment and medicine in the East. So the Septuagint, "cummin" was used in the same way.
cast in . . . principal wheat--rather, plant the wheat in rows (for wheat was thought to yield the largest crop, by being planted sparingly [PLINY, Natural History, 18.21]); [MAURER]; "sow the wheat regularly" [HORSLEY]. But GESENIUS, like English Version, "fat," or "principal," that is, excellent wheat.
appointed barley--rather, "barley in its appointed place" [MAURER].
in their place--rather, "in its (the field's) border" [MAURER].
23
Versículo 26
23. to discretion--in the due rules of husbandry; God first taught it to man (Gen 3:23).
to discretion--in the due rules of husbandry; God first taught it to man (Gen 3:23).
24
Versículo 27
24. The husbandman uses the same discretion in threshing. The dill ("fitches") and cummin, leguminous…
The husbandman uses the same discretion in threshing. The dill ("fitches") and cummin, leguminous and tender grains, are beaten out, not as wheat, &c., with the heavy corn-drag ("threshing instrument"), but with "a staff"; heavy instruments would crush and injure the seed.
cart wheel--two iron wheels armed with iron teeth, like a saw, joined together by a wooden axle. The "corn-drag" was made of three or four wooden cylinders, armed with iron teeth or flint stones fixed underneath, and joined like a sledge. Both instruments cut the straw for fodder as well as separated the corn.
staff--used also where they had but a small quantity of corn; the flail (Rut 2:17).
25
Versículo 28
25. Bread corn--corn of which bread is made.
Bread corn--corn of which bread is made.
bruised--threshed with the corn-drag (as contrasted with dill and cummin, "beaten with the staff"), or, "trodden out" by the hoofs of cattle driven over it on the threshing-floor [G. V. SMITH], (Deu 25:4; Mic 4:13).
because--rather, "but" [HORSLEY]; though the corn is threshed with the heavy instrument, yet he will not always be thus threshing it.
break it--"drive over it (continually) the wheel" [MAURER].
cart--threshing-drag.
horsemen--rather, "horses"; used to tread out corn.
26
Versículo 29
26. This also--The skill wherewith the husbandman duly adjusts his modes of threshing is given by God…
This also--The skill wherewith the husbandman duly adjusts his modes of threshing is given by God, as well as the skill (Isa 28:26) wherewith he tills and sows (Isa 28:24-25). Therefore He must also be able to adapt His modes of treatment to the several moral needs of His creatures. His object in sending tribulation (derived from the Latin tribulum, a "threshing instrument," Luk 22:31; Rom 5:3) is to sever the moral chaff from the wheat, not to crush utterly; "His judgments are usually in the line of our offenses; by the nature of the judgments we may usually ascertain the nature of the sin" [BARNES].
This chapter opens the series of prophecies as to the invasion of Judea under Sennacherib, and its deliverance.
Next: Isaiah Chapter 29
Antiguo Testamento
Isaiah — Capítulo 28
(Isa. 28:1-29) crown of pride--Hebrew for "proud crown of the drunkards," &c. [HORSLEY], namely, Samaria, the capital of Ephraim, or Israel. "Drunkards," literally (Isa 28:7-8; Isa 5:11, Isa 5:22; Amo 4:1; Amo 6:1-6) …
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1¡Ay de la corona de soberbia de los ebrios de Efraín, y de la flor caduca de la hermosura de su gloria, que está sobre la cabeza del valle fértil de los aturdidos del vino!
2He aquí, Jehová tiene uno que es fuerte y poderoso; como turbión de granizo y como torbellino trastornador, como ímpetu de recias aguas que inundan, con fuerza derriba a tierra.
3Con los pies será pisoteada la corona de soberbia de los ebrios de Efraín.
4Y será la flor caduca de la hermosura de su gloria que está sobre la cabeza del valle fértil, como la fruta temprana, la primera del verano, la cual, apenas la ve el que la mira, se la traga tan luego como la tiene a mano.
5En aquel día Jehová de los ejércitos será por corona de gloria y diadema de hermosura al remanente de su pueblo;
6y por espíritu de juicio al que se sienta en juicio, y por fuerzas a los que rechacen la batalla en la puerta.
7Pero también estos erraron con el vino, y con sidra se entontecieron; el sacerdote y el profeta erraron con sidra, fueron trastornados por el vino; se aturdieron con la sidra, erraron en la visión, tropezaron en el juicio.
8Porque toda mesa está llena de vómito y suciedad, hasta no haber lugar limpio.
9¿A quién se enseñará ciencia, o a quién se hará entender doctrina? ¿A los destetados?, ¿a los arrancados de los pechos?
10Porque mandamiento tras mandamiento, mandato sobre mandato, renglón tras renglón, línea sobre línea, un poquito allí, otro poquito allá;
11porque en lengua de tartamudos, y en extraña lengua hablará a este pueblo,
12a los cuales él dijo: Este es el reposo; dad reposo al cansado; y este es el refrigerio; mas no quisieron oír.
13La palabra, pues, de Jehová les será mandamiento tras mandamiento, mandato sobre mandato, renglón tras renglón, línea sobre línea, un poquito allí, otro poquito allá; hasta que vayan y caigan de espaldas, y sean quebrantados, enlazados y presos.
14Por tanto, varones burladores que gobernáis a este pueblo que está en Jerusalén, oíd la palabra de Jehová.
15Por cuanto habéis dicho: Pacto tenemos hecho con la muerte, e hicimos convenio con el Seol; cuando pase el turbión del azote, no llegará a nosotros, porque hemos puesto nuestro refugio en la mentira, y en la falsedad nos esconderemos;
16por tanto, Jehová el Señor dice así: He aquí que yo he puesto en Sion por fundamento una piedra, piedra probada, angular, preciosa, de cimiento estable; el que creyere, no se apresure.
17Y ajustaré el juicio a cordel, y a nivel la justicia; y granizo barrerá el refugio de la mentira, y aguas arrollarán el escondrijo.
18Y será anulado vuestro pacto con la muerte, y vuestro convenio con el Seol no será firme; cuando pase el turbión del azote, seréis de él pisoteados.
19Luego que comience a pasar, él os arrebatará; porque de mañana en mañana pasará, de día y de noche; y será ciertamente espanto el entender lo oído.
20La cama será corta para poder estirarse, y la manta estrecha para poder envolverse.
21Porque Jehová se levantará como en el monte Perazim, como en el valle de Gabaón se enojará; para hacer su obra, su extraña obra, y para hacer su operación, su extraña operación.
22Ahora, pues, no os burléis, para que no se aprieten más vuestras ataduras; porque destrucción ya determinada sobre toda la tierra he oído del Señor, Jehová de los ejércitos.
23Estad atentos, y oíd mi voz; atended, y oíd mi dicho.
24El que ara para sembrar, ¿arará todo el día? ¿Romperá y quebrará los terrones de la tierra?
25Cuando ha igualado su superficie, ¿no derrama el eneldo, siembra el comino, pone el trigo en hileras, y la cebada en el lugar señalado, y la avena en su borde apropiado?
26Porque su Dios le instruye, y le enseña lo recto;
27que el eneldo no se trilla con trillo, ni sobre el comino se pasa rueda de carreta; sino que con un palo se sacude el eneldo, y el comino con una vara.
28El grano se trilla; pero no lo trillará para siempre, ni lo comprime con la rueda de su carreta, ni lo quebranta con los dientes de su trillo.
29También esto salió de Jehová de los ejércitos, para hacer maravilloso el consejo y engrandecer la sabiduría.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. strong one--the Assyrian (Isa 10:5).
Versículo 3
II. crown . . . the drunkards--rather, "the crown of the drunkards."
Versículo 4
III. Rather, "the fading flower, their glorious beauty (Isa 28:1), which is on the head of the fat (fe…
Versículo 5
IV. The prophet now turns to Judah; a gracious promise to the remnant ("residue"); a warning lest thr…
Versículo 6
V. Jehovah will inspire their magistrates with justice, and their soldiers with strength of spirit.
Versículo 7
VI. Though Judah is to survive the fall of Ephraim, yet "they also" (the men of Judah) have perpetrat…
Versículo 9
VII. Here the drunkards are introduced as scoffingly commenting on Isaiah's warnings: "Whom will he (d…
Versículo 11
VIII. For--rather, "Truly." This is Isaiah's reply to the scoffers: Your drunken questions shall be ans…
Versículo 12
IX. Rather, "He (Jehovah) who hath said to them."
Versículo 13
X. But--rather, "Therefore," namely, because "they would not hear" (Isa 28:12).
Versículo 14
XI. scornful--(See on Isa 28:9).
Versículo 15
XII. said--virtually, in your conduct, if not in words.
Versículo 16
XIII. Literally, "Behold Me as Him who has laid"; namely, in My divine counsel (Rev 13:8); none save I …
Versículo 17
XIV. line--the measuring-line of the plummet. HORSLEY translates, "I will appoint judgment for the rul…
Versículo 18
XV. disannulled--obliterated, as letters traced on a waxen tablet are obliterated by passing the styl…
Versículo 19
16. From the time, &c.--rather, "As often as it comes over (that is, passes through), it shall overta…
Versículo 20
17. Proverbial, for they shall find all their sources of confidence fail them; all shall be hopeless …
Versículo 21
18. Perazim--In the valley of Rephaim (Sa2 5:18, Sa2 5:20; Ch1 14:11), there Jehovah, by David, broke…
Versículo 22
19. mockers--a sin which they had committed (Isa 28:9-10).
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20. Calling attention to the following illustration from husbandry (Psa 49:1-2). As the husbandman do…
Versículo 24
21. all day--emphatic; he is not always ploughing: he also "sows," and that, too, in accordance with …
Versículo 25
22. face--the "surface" of the ground: "made plain," or level, by harrowing.
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23. to discretion--in the due rules of husbandry; God first taught it to man (Gen 3:23).
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24. The husbandman uses the same discretion in threshing. The dill ("fitches") and cummin, leguminous…
Versículo 28
25. Bread corn--corn of which bread is made.
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26. This also--The skill wherewith the husbandman duly adjusts his modes of threshing is given by God…