PERSECUTION OF THE CHURCH BY HEROD AGRIPPA I--MARTYRDOM OF JAMES AND MIRACULOUS DELIVERANCE OF PETER. (Acts 12:1-19) Herod the king--grandson of Herod the Great, and son of Aristobulus. He at this time ruled over all …
1En aquel mismo tiempo el rey Herodes echó mano a algunos de la iglesia para maltratarles.
2Y mató a espada a Jacobo, hermano de Juan.
3Y viendo que esto había agradado a los judíos, procedió a prender también a Pedro. Eran entonces los días de los panes sin levadura.
4Y habiéndole tomado preso, le puso en la cárcel, entregándole a cuatro grupos de cuatro soldados cada uno, para que le custodiasen; y se proponía sacarle al pueblo después de la pascua.
5Así que Pedro estaba custodiado en la cárcel; pero la iglesia hacía sin cesar oración a Dios por él.
6Y cuando Herodes le iba a sacar, aquella misma noche estaba Pedro durmiendo entre dos soldados, sujeto con dos cadenas, y los guardas delante de la puerta custodiaban la cárcel.
7Y he aquí que se presentó un ángel del Señor, y una luz resplandeció en la cárcel; y tocando a Pedro en el costado, le despertó, diciendo: Levántate pronto. Y las cadenas se le cayeron de las manos.
8Le dijo el ángel: Cíñete, y átate las sandalias. Y lo hizo así. Y le dijo: Envuélvete en tu manto, y sígueme.
9Y saliendo, le seguía; pero no sabía que era verdad lo que hacía el ángel, sino que pensaba que veía una visión.
10Habiendo pasado la primera y la segunda guardia, llegaron a la puerta de hierro que daba a la ciudad, la cual se les abrió por sí misma; y salidos, pasaron una calle, y luego el ángel se apartó de él.
11Entonces Pedro, volviendo en sí, dijo: Ahora entiendo verdaderamente que el Señor ha enviado su ángel, y me ha librado de la mano de Herodes, y de todo lo que el pueblo de los judíos esperaba.
12Y habiendo considerado esto, llegó a casa de María la madre de Juan, el que tenía por sobrenombre Marcos, donde muchos estaban reunidos orando.
13Cuando llamó Pedro a la puerta del patio, salió a escuchar una muchacha llamada Rode,
14la cual, cuando reconoció la voz de Pedro, de gozo no abrió la puerta, sino que corriendo adentro, dio la nueva de que Pedro estaba a la puerta.
15Y ellos le dijeron: Estás loca. Pero ella aseguraba que así era. Entonces ellos decían: ¡Es su ángel!
16Mas Pedro persistía en llamar; y cuando abrieron y le vieron, se quedaron atónitos.
17Pero él, haciéndoles con la mano señal de que callasen, les contó cómo el Señor le había sacado de la cárcel. Y dijo: Haced saber esto a Jacobo y a los hermanos. Y salió, y se fue a otro lugar.
18Luego que fue de día, hubo no poco alboroto entre los soldados sobre qué había sido de Pedro.
19Mas Herodes, habiéndole buscado sin hallarle, después de interrogar a los guardas, ordenó llevarlos a la muerte. Después descendió de Judea a Cesarea y se quedó allí.
20Y Herodes estaba enojado contra los de Tiro y de Sidón; pero ellos vinieron de acuerdo ante él, y sobornado Blasto, que era camarero mayor del rey, pedían paz, porque su territorio era abastecido por el del rey.
21Y un día señalado, Herodes, vestido de ropas reales, se sentó en el tribunal y les arengó.
22Y el pueblo aclamaba gritando: ¡Voz de Dios, y no de hombre!
23Al momento un ángel del Señor le hirió, por cuanto no dio la gloria a Dios; y expiró comido de gusanos.
24Pero la palabra del Señor crecía y se multiplicaba.
25Y Bernabé y Saulo, cumplido su servicio, volvieron de Jerusalén, llevando también consigo a Juan, el que tenía por sobrenombre Marcos.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. killed James . . . with the sword--beheaded him; a most ignominious mode of punishment, according…
killed James . . . with the sword--beheaded him; a most ignominious mode of punishment, according to the Jews. Blessed martyr! Thou hast indeed "drunk of thy Lord's cup, and hast been baptized with his baptism." (See on Mar 10:38-40.) A grievous loss this would be to the Church; for though nothing is known of him beyond what we read in the Gospels, the place which he had as one of the three whom the Lord admitted to His closest intimacy would lead the Church to look up to him with a reverence and affection which even their enemies would come to hear of. They could spring only upon one more prized victim; and flushed with their first success, they prevail upon Herod to seize him also.
II
Versículo 3
II. because he saw it pleased the Jews--Popularity was the ruling passion of this Herod, not naturall…
because he saw it pleased the Jews--Popularity was the ruling passion of this Herod, not naturally so cruel as some of the family [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 19.7.3].
to take Peter also--whose loss, at this stage of the Church, would have been, so far as we can see, irreparable.
Then were the days of unleavened bread--seven in number, during which, after killing and eating the Passover, no leaven was allowed in Jewish houses (Exo 12:15, Exo 12:19).
III
Versículo 4
III. delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers--that is, to four parties of four each, correspondi…
delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers--that is, to four parties of four each, corresponding to the four Roman watches; two watching in prison and two at the gates, and each party being on duty for the space of one watch.
intending after Easter--rather, "after the Passover"; that is, after the whole festival was over. (The word in our King James Version is an ecclesiastical term of later date, and ought not to have been employed here).
to bring him forth to the people--for execution; for during "the days of unleavened bread," or the currency of any religious festival, the Jews had a prejudice against trying or putting anyone to death.
IV
Versículo 5
IV. prayer was made without ceasing--rather, "instant," "earnest," "urgent" (Margin); as in Luk 22:44…
prayer was made without ceasing--rather, "instant," "earnest," "urgent" (Margin); as in Luk 22:44; Act 26:7; and Pe1 4:8 (see Greek).
of the church unto God for him--not in public assembly, for it was evidently not safe to meet thus; but in little groups in private houses, one of which was Mary's (Act 12:12). And this was kept up during all the days of unleavened bread.
V
Versículo 6
V. And when Herod would have brought him forth--"was going to bring him forth."
And when Herod would have brought him forth--"was going to bring him forth."
the same night--but a few hours before the intended execution. Thus long were the disciples kept waiting; their prayers apparently unavailing, and their faith, as would seem from the sequel, waxing feeble. Such, however, is the "law" of God's procedure (Deu 32:36 and see on Joh 21:3).
Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound with two chains--Roman prisoners had a chain fastened at one end to the wrist of their fight hand, and at the other to the wrist of a soldier's left hand, leaving the right arm of the keeper free in case of any attempt to escape. For greater security the prisoner was sometimes, as here, chained to two soldiers, one on each side. (See Act 21:23.) Ye think your prey secure, bloodthirsty priests and thou obsequious tyrant who, to "please the Jews," hast shut in this most eminent of the servants of Christ within double gates, guarded by double sentinels, while double keepers and double chains seem to defy all rescue! So thought the chief priests, who "made the sepulchre of the Lord sure, sealing the stone and setting a watch." But "He that sitteth in heaven shall laugh at you." Meanwhile, "Peter is sleeping!" In a few hours he expects a stingless death; "neither counts he his life dear unto him, so that he may finish his course with joy and the ministry which he has received of the Lord Jesus." In this frame of spirit he has dropped asleep, and lies the picture of peace.
VI
Versículo 7
VI. the angel of the Lord--rather, "an angel."
the angel of the Lord--rather, "an angel."
came upon him--so in Luk 2:9, expressive of the unexpected nature of the visit.
smote Peter on the side . . . Arise up quickly. And his chains fell off . . . Gird thyself . . . And so he did . . . Cast thy garment--tunic, which he had thrown off for the night.
VII
Versículo 8
VII. about thee . . . follow me--In such graphic minuteness of detail we have a charming mark of reali…
about thee . . . follow me--In such graphic minuteness of detail we have a charming mark of reality: while the rapidity and curtness of the orders, and the promptitude with which they were obeyed, betoken the despatch which, in the circumstances, was necessary.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. wist not that it was true; but thought he saw a vision--So little did the apostle look for delive…
wist not that it was true; but thought he saw a vision--So little did the apostle look for deliverance!
IX
Versículo 10
IX. first and the second ward . . . the iron gate that leadeth unto the city--We can only conjecture …
first and the second ward . . . the iron gate that leadeth unto the city--We can only conjecture the precise meaning of all this, not knowing the position of the prison.
passed on through one street; and forthwith the angel departed from him--when he had placed him beyond pursuit. Thus "He disappointeth the devices of the crafty, so that their heads cannot perform their enterprise" (Job 5:12).
X
Versículo 11
X. when Peter was come to himself--recovered from his bewilderment, and had time to look back upon a…
when Peter was come to himself--recovered from his bewilderment, and had time to look back upon all the steps that had followed each other in such rapid succession.
Now I know of a surety, that the Lord hath sent his angel, and hath delivered me, &c.--another evidence that Peter expected nothing but to seal his testimony with his blood on this occasion.
XI
Versículo 12
XI. he came to the house of Mary, &c.--who "must have had a house of some pretensions to receive a la…
he came to the house of Mary, &c.--who "must have had a house of some pretensions to receive a large number; and, accordingly, we read that her brother Barnabas (Col 4:10) was a person of substance (Act 4:37). She must also have been distinguished for faith and courage to allow such a meeting in the face of persecution" [WEBSTER and WILKINSON]. To such a house it was natural that Peter should come.
mother of John . . . Mark--so called to distinguish him from the apostle of that name, and to distinguish her from the other Marys.
where many were gathered together praying--doubtless for Peter's deliverance, and continuing, no doubt, on this the last of the days of unleavened bread, which was their last hope, all night in prayer to God.
XII
Versículo 13
XII. came to hearken--not to open; for neither was it a time nor an hour of night for that, but to lis…
came to hearken--not to open; for neither was it a time nor an hour of night for that, but to listen who was there.
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. opened not for gladness, but ran in and told, &c.--How exquisite is this touch of nature!
opened not for gladness, but ran in and told, &c.--How exquisite is this touch of nature!
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. Thou art mad--one of those exclamations which one can hardly resist on hearing what seems far "to…
Thou art mad--one of those exclamations which one can hardly resist on hearing what seems far "too good to be true."
she constantly affirmed--"kept steadfastly affirming."
that it was even so. Then said they, It is his angel--his disembodied spirit, his ghost; anything, in fact, rather than himself. Though this had been the burden of their fervent prayers during all the days of unleavened bread, they dispute themselves out of it as a thing incredible. Still, it is but the unbelief of the disciples who "believed not for joy and wondered" at the tidings of their Lord's resurrection. How often do we pray for what we can hardly credit the bestowment of, when it comes in answer to our prayers! This, however, argues not so much hard unbelief as that kind of it incident to the best in this land of shadows, which perceives not so clearly as it might how very near heaven and earth, the Lord and His praying people, are to each other.
XV
Versículo 16
XV. Peter continued knocking--delay being dangerous.
Peter continued knocking--delay being dangerous.
16
Versículo 17
16. But he, beckoning . . . with his hand to hold their peace--a lively touch this. In the hubbub of …
But he, beckoning . . . with his hand to hold their peace--a lively touch this. In the hubbub of joyful and wondering interrogatories there might mingle reflections, thrown out by one against another, for holding out so long against the testimony of Rhoda; while the emotion of the apostle's own spirit would be too deep and solemn to take part in such demonstrations or utter a word till, with his hand, he had signified his wish for perfect silence.
Go show these things unto James and to the brethren--Whether James the son of Alpheus, one of the Twelve, usually known as "James the Less," and "James the Lord's brother" (Gal 1:19), were the same person; and if not, whether the James here referred to was the former or the latter, critics are singularly divided, and the whole question is one of the most difficult. To us, it appears that there are strong reasons for thinking that they were not the same person, and that the one here meant, and throughout the Acts, is the apostle James. (But on this more hereafter). James is singled out, because he had probably begun to take the oversight of the Church in Jerusalem, which we afterwards find him exercising (Acts 15:1-29).
And he departed, and went into another place--according to his Lord's express command (Mat 10:23). When told, on a former miraculous liberation from prison, to go and speak unto the people (Act 5:20), he did it; but in this case to present himself in public would have been to tempt God by rushing upon certain destruction.
17
Versículo 18
17. as soon as it was day, &c.--His deliverance must have been during the fourth watch (three to six …
as soon as it was day, &c.--His deliverance must have been during the fourth watch (three to six A.M.); else he must have been missed by the keepers at the change of the watch [WIES].
18
Versículo 19
18. examined the keepers--who, either like the keepers of our Lord's sepulchre, had "shaken and becom…
examined the keepers--who, either like the keepers of our Lord's sepulchre, had "shaken and become as dead men" (Mat 28:4), or had slept on their watch and been divinely kept from awaking.
commanded that they should be put to death--Impotent vengeance!
19
Versículo 20
19. HEROD'S MISERABLE END--GROWING SUCCESS OF THE GOSPEL--BARNABAS AND SAUL RETURN TO ANTIOCH. (Act 1…
HEROD'S MISERABLE END--GROWING SUCCESS OF THE GOSPEL--BARNABAS AND SAUL RETURN TO ANTIOCH. (Act 12:20-25)
Herod was . . . displeased with them of Tyre and Sidon--for some reason unknown; but the effect on their commercial relations made the latter glad to sue for peace.
their country was nourished by the king's country--See Kg1 5:11; Ezr 3:7; Eze 27:17. Perhaps the famine (Act 11:28) made them the more urgent for reconciliation.
20
Versículo 21
20. And upon a set day Herod . . . made an oration unto them--to the Tyrians and Sidonians especially.
And upon a set day Herod . . . made an oration unto them--to the Tyrians and Sidonians especially.
21
Versículo 22
21. the people gave a shout, &c.--JOSEPHUS' account of his death is remarkably similar to this [Antiq…
the people gave a shout, &c.--JOSEPHUS' account of his death is remarkably similar to this [Antiquities, 19.8.2]. Several cases of such deaths occur in history. Thus was this wretched man nearer his end than he of whom he had thought to make a public spectacle.
22
Versículo 24
22. But the word grew, &c.--that is, Not only was the royal representative ignominiously swept from t…
But the word grew, &c.--that is, Not only was the royal representative ignominiously swept from the stage, while his intended victim was spared to the Church, but the cause which he and his Jewish instigators sought to crush was only furthered and glorified. How full of encouragement and consolation is all this to the Christian Church in every age!
23
Versículo 25
23. Barnabas and Saul returned from Jerusalem--where, it thus appears, they had remained during all t…
Barnabas and Saul returned from Jerusalem--where, it thus appears, they had remained during all this persecution.
when they had fulfilled their ministry--or service; that mentioned on Act 11:29-30.
took with them John . . . Mark--(See on Act 12:12), not to be confounded with the second Evangelist, as is often done. As his uncle was Barnabas, so his spiritual father was Peter (Pe1 5:13).
PAUL'S FIRST MISSIONARY JOURNEY:
In Company with Barnabas.
Next: Acts Chapter 13
Nuevo Testamento
Acts — Capítulo 12
PERSECUTION OF THE CHURCH BY HEROD AGRIPPA I--MARTYRDOM OF JAMES AND MIRACULOUS DELIVERANCE OF PETER. (Acts 12:1-19) Herod the king--grandson of Herod the Great, and son of Aristobulus. He at this time ruled over all …
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1En aquel mismo tiempo el rey Herodes echó mano a algunos de la iglesia para maltratarles.
2Y mató a espada a Jacobo, hermano de Juan.
3Y viendo que esto había agradado a los judíos, procedió a prender también a Pedro. Eran entonces los días de los panes sin levadura.
4Y habiéndole tomado preso, le puso en la cárcel, entregándole a cuatro grupos de cuatro soldados cada uno, para que le custodiasen; y se proponía sacarle al pueblo después de la pascua.
5Así que Pedro estaba custodiado en la cárcel; pero la iglesia hacía sin cesar oración a Dios por él.
6Y cuando Herodes le iba a sacar, aquella misma noche estaba Pedro durmiendo entre dos soldados, sujeto con dos cadenas, y los guardas delante de la puerta custodiaban la cárcel.
7Y he aquí que se presentó un ángel del Señor, y una luz resplandeció en la cárcel; y tocando a Pedro en el costado, le despertó, diciendo: Levántate pronto. Y las cadenas se le cayeron de las manos.
8Le dijo el ángel: Cíñete, y átate las sandalias. Y lo hizo así. Y le dijo: Envuélvete en tu manto, y sígueme.
9Y saliendo, le seguía; pero no sabía que era verdad lo que hacía el ángel, sino que pensaba que veía una visión.
10Habiendo pasado la primera y la segunda guardia, llegaron a la puerta de hierro que daba a la ciudad, la cual se les abrió por sí misma; y salidos, pasaron una calle, y luego el ángel se apartó de él.
11Entonces Pedro, volviendo en sí, dijo: Ahora entiendo verdaderamente que el Señor ha enviado su ángel, y me ha librado de la mano de Herodes, y de todo lo que el pueblo de los judíos esperaba.
12Y habiendo considerado esto, llegó a casa de María la madre de Juan, el que tenía por sobrenombre Marcos, donde muchos estaban reunidos orando.
13Cuando llamó Pedro a la puerta del patio, salió a escuchar una muchacha llamada Rode,
14la cual, cuando reconoció la voz de Pedro, de gozo no abrió la puerta, sino que corriendo adentro, dio la nueva de que Pedro estaba a la puerta.
15Y ellos le dijeron: Estás loca. Pero ella aseguraba que así era. Entonces ellos decían: ¡Es su ángel!
16Mas Pedro persistía en llamar; y cuando abrieron y le vieron, se quedaron atónitos.
17Pero él, haciéndoles con la mano señal de que callasen, les contó cómo el Señor le había sacado de la cárcel. Y dijo: Haced saber esto a Jacobo y a los hermanos. Y salió, y se fue a otro lugar.
18Luego que fue de día, hubo no poco alboroto entre los soldados sobre qué había sido de Pedro.
19Mas Herodes, habiéndole buscado sin hallarle, después de interrogar a los guardas, ordenó llevarlos a la muerte. Después descendió de Judea a Cesarea y se quedó allí.
20Y Herodes estaba enojado contra los de Tiro y de Sidón; pero ellos vinieron de acuerdo ante él, y sobornado Blasto, que era camarero mayor del rey, pedían paz, porque su territorio era abastecido por el del rey.
21Y un día señalado, Herodes, vestido de ropas reales, se sentó en el tribunal y les arengó.
22Y el pueblo aclamaba gritando: ¡Voz de Dios, y no de hombre!
23Al momento un ángel del Señor le hirió, por cuanto no dio la gloria a Dios; y expiró comido de gusanos.
24Pero la palabra del Señor crecía y se multiplicaba.
25Y Bernabé y Saulo, cumplido su servicio, volvieron de Jerusalén, llevando también consigo a Juan, el que tenía por sobrenombre Marcos.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. killed James . . . with the sword--beheaded him; a most ignominious mode of punishment, according…
Versículo 3
II. because he saw it pleased the Jews--Popularity was the ruling passion of this Herod, not naturall…
Versículo 4
III. delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers--that is, to four parties of four each, correspondi…
Versículo 5
IV. prayer was made without ceasing--rather, "instant," "earnest," "urgent" (Margin); as in Luk 22:44…
Versículo 6
V. And when Herod would have brought him forth--"was going to bring him forth."
Versículo 7
VI. the angel of the Lord--rather, "an angel."
Versículo 8
VII. about thee . . . follow me--In such graphic minuteness of detail we have a charming mark of reali…
Versículo 9
VIII. wist not that it was true; but thought he saw a vision--So little did the apostle look for delive…
Versículo 10
IX. first and the second ward . . . the iron gate that leadeth unto the city--We can only conjecture …
Versículo 11
X. when Peter was come to himself--recovered from his bewilderment, and had time to look back upon a…
Versículo 12
XI. he came to the house of Mary, &c.--who "must have had a house of some pretensions to receive a la…
Versículo 13
XII. came to hearken--not to open; for neither was it a time nor an hour of night for that, but to lis…
Versículo 14
XIII. opened not for gladness, but ran in and told, &c.--How exquisite is this touch of nature!
Versículo 15
XIV. Thou art mad--one of those exclamations which one can hardly resist on hearing what seems far "to…
Versículo 16
XV. Peter continued knocking--delay being dangerous.
Versículo 17
16. But he, beckoning . . . with his hand to hold their peace--a lively touch this. In the hubbub of …
Versículo 18
17. as soon as it was day, &c.--His deliverance must have been during the fourth watch (three to six …
Versículo 19
18. examined the keepers--who, either like the keepers of our Lord's sepulchre, had "shaken and becom…
Versículo 20
19. HEROD'S MISERABLE END--GROWING SUCCESS OF THE GOSPEL--BARNABAS AND SAUL RETURN TO ANTIOCH. (Act 1…
Versículo 21
20. And upon a set day Herod . . . made an oration unto them--to the Tyrians and Sidonians especially.
Versículo 22
21. the people gave a shout, &c.--JOSEPHUS' account of his death is remarkably similar to this [Antiq…
Versículo 24
22. But the word grew, &c.--that is, Not only was the royal representative ignominiously swept from t…
Versículo 25
23. Barnabas and Saul returned from Jerusalem--where, it thus appears, they had remained during all t…