The law is read, which commands that the Ammonite and Moabite should be separated from the congregation, on which they separate all the mixed multitude, Neh 13:1-3. Eliashib the high priest having not only joined opin…
1Aquel día se leyó en el libro de Moisés, oyéndolo el pueblo, y fue hallado escrito en él que los amonitas y moabitas no debían entrar jamás en la congregación de Dios,
2por cuanto no salieron a recibir a los hijos de Israel con pan y agua, sino que dieron dinero a Balaam para que los maldijera; mas nuestro Dios volvió la maldición en bendición.
3Cuando oyeron, pues, la ley, separaron de Israel a todos los mezclados con extranjeros.
4Y antes de esto el sacerdote Eliasib, siendo jefe de la cámara de la casa de nuestro Dios, había emparentado con Tobías,
5y le había hecho una gran cámara, en la cual guardaban antes las ofrendas, el incienso, los utensilios, el diezmo del grano, del vino y del aceite, que estaba mandado dar a los levitas, a los cantores y a los porteros, y la ofrenda de los sacerdotes.
6Mas a todo esto, yo no estaba en Jerusalén, porque en el año treinta y dos de Artajerjes rey de Babilonia fui al rey; y al cabo de algunos días pedí permiso al rey
7para volver a Jerusalén; y entonces supe del mal que había hecho Eliasib por consideración a Tobías, haciendo para él una cámara en los atrios de la casa de Dios.
8Y me dolió en gran manera; y arrojé todos los muebles de la casa de Tobías fuera de la cámara,
9y dije que limpiasen las cámaras, e hice volver allí los utensilios de la casa de Dios, las ofrendas y el incienso.
10Encontré asimismo que las porciones para los levitas no les habían sido dadas, y que los levitas y cantores que hacían el servicio habían huido cada uno a su heredad.
11Entonces reprendí a los oficiales, y dije: ¿Por qué está la casa de Dios abandonada? Y los reuní y los puse en sus puestos.
12Y todo Judá trajo el diezmo del grano, del vino y del aceite, a los almacenes.
13Y puse por mayordomos de ellos al sacerdote Selemías y al escriba Sadoc, y de los levitas a Pedaías; y al servicio de ellos a Hanán hijo de Zacur, hijo de Matanías; porque eran tenidos por fieles, y ellos tenían que repartir a sus hermanos.
14Acuérdate de mí, oh Dios, en orden a esto, y no borres mis misericordias que hice en la casa de mi Dios, y en su servicio.
15En aquellos días vi en Judá a algunos que pisaban en lagares en el día de reposo, y que acarreaban haces, y cargaban asnos con vino, y también de uvas, de higos y toda suerte de carga, y que traían a Jerusalén en día de reposo; y los amonesté acerca del día en que vendían las provisiones.
16También había en la ciudad tirios que traían pescado y toda mercadería, y vendían en día de reposo a los hijos de Judá en Jerusalén.
17Y reprendí a los señores de Judá y les dije: ¿Qué mala cosa es esta que vosotros hacéis, profanando así el día de reposo?
18¿No hicieron así vuestros padres, y trajo nuestro Dios todo este mal sobre nosotros y sobre esta ciudad? ¿Y vosotros añadís ira sobre Israel profanando el día de reposo?
19Sucedió, pues, que cuando iba oscureciendo a las puertas de Jerusalén antes del día de reposo, dije que se cerrasen las puertas, y ordené que no las abriesen hasta después del día de reposo; y puse a las puertas algunos de mis criados, para que en día de reposo no introdujeran carga.
20Y se quedaron fuera de Jerusalén una y dos veces los negociantes y los que vendían toda especie de mercancía.
21Y les amonesté y les dije: ¿Por qué os quedáis vosotros delante del muro? Si lo hacéis otra vez, os echaré mano. Desde entonces no vinieron en día de reposo.
22Y dije a los levitas que se purificasen y viniesen a guardar las puertas, para santificar el día del reposo. También por esto acuérdate de mí, Dios mío, y perdóname según la grandeza de tu misericordia.
23Vi asimismo en aquellos días a judíos que habían tomado mujeres de Asdod, amonitas, y moabitas;
24y la mitad de sus hijos hablaban la lengua de Asdod, porque no sabían hablar judaico, sino que hablaban conforme a la lengua de cada pueblo.
25Y reñí con ellos, y los maldije, y herí a algunos de ellos, y les arranqué los cabellos, y les hice jurar, diciendo: No daréis vuestras hijas a sus hijos, y no tomaréis de sus hijas para vuestros hijos, ni para vosotros mismos.
26¿No pecó por esto Salomón, rey de Israel? Bien que en muchas naciones no hubo rey como él, que era amado de su Dios, y Dios lo había puesto por rey sobre todo Israel, aun a él le hicieron pecar las mujeres extranjeras.
27¿Y obedeceremos a vosotros para cometer todo este mal tan grande de prevaricar contra nuestro Dios, tomando mujeres extranjeras?
28Y uno de los hijos de Joiada hijo del sumo sacerdote Eliasib era yerno de Sanbalat horonita; por tanto, lo ahuyenté de mí.
29Acuérdate de ellos, Dios mío, contra los que contaminan el sacerdocio, y el pacto del sacerdocio y de los levitas.
30Los limpié, pues, de todo extranjero, y puse a los sacerdotes y levitas por sus grupos, a cada uno en su servicio;
31y para la ofrenda de la leña en los tiempos señalados, y para las primicias. Acuérdate de mí, Dios mío, para bien.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 1
I. On that day - I am quite of Calmet's mind that the transaction detailed in this chapter did not i…
On that day - I am quite of Calmet's mind that the transaction detailed in this chapter did not immediately succeed the dedication of the walls of Jerusalem. It is most likely that, when this dedication was ended, Nehemiah returned to Babylon, as himself particularly marks, Neh 13:6, for he did return in the thirty-second year of Artaxerxes; and then, after certain days, supposed to be about the term of one year, he got leave to return to Jerusalem to see how matters were conducted: and there he found the evils which he mentions in this chapter, and which he redressed in the manner himself describes. See the introduction to this book.
Should not come into the congregation - That is, Ye shall not form any kind of matrimonial alliance with them. This, and this alone, is the meaning of the law.
II
Versículo 3
II. They separated from Israel all the mixed multitude - They excluded all strange women, and all per…
They separated from Israel all the mixed multitude - They excluded all strange women, and all persons, young and old, who had been born of these illegal connections.
III
Versículo 4
III. Eliashib the priest - Perhaps this was a different person from Eliashib the high priest; but ther…
Eliashib the priest - Perhaps this was a different person from Eliashib the high priest; but there is no indubitable evidence that he was not the same. If he was high priest, he was very unfaithful to the high charge which he had received; and a reproach to the priesthood. He had married his grandson to Sanballat's daughter: this produced a connection with Tobiah, the fast friend of Sanballat; in whose favor he polluted the house of God, giving him one of the chambers for his ordinary residence, which were appointed for the reception of the tithes, oblations, etc., that came to the house of God.
IV
Versículo 6
IV. Was not I at Jerusalem - Nehemiah came to Jerusalem in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes, and rema…
Was not I at Jerusalem - Nehemiah came to Jerusalem in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes, and remained there till the thirty-second year, twelve years: then returned to Babylon, and staid one year; got leave to revisit his brethren; and found matters as stated in this chapter.
V
Versículo 8
V. I cast forth all the household stuff of Tobiah - He acted as Jesus Christ did when he found the c…
I cast forth all the household stuff of Tobiah - He acted as Jesus Christ did when he found the courts of the Lord's house profaned: He overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of those who sold doves.
VI
Versículo 10
VI. The portions of the Levites had not been given - Hence we find they were obliged to abandon the s…
The portions of the Levites had not been given - Hence we find they were obliged to abandon the sacred service, and betake themselves to cultivate the land for their support. This was the fault of the rulers, who permitted all these abuses.
VII
Versículo 11
VII. Why is the house of God forsaken? - They had all solemnly promised, Neh 10:39, that they would ne…
Why is the house of God forsaken? - They had all solemnly promised, Neh 10:39, that they would never forsake the house of their God; but, alas, how soon is this forgotten! Nehemiah used their own words here by way of reproof.
VIII
Versículo 13
VIII. They were counted faithful - They were reported to me as persons in whom I could confide; they ha…
They were counted faithful - They were reported to me as persons in whom I could confide; they had been steady in God's ways and work, while others had been careless and relaxed.
IX
Versículo 14
IX. Wipe not out my good deeds - If thou wert strict to mark what is done amiss, even my good deeds m…
Wipe not out my good deeds - If thou wert strict to mark what is done amiss, even my good deeds must be wiped out; but, Lord, remember me in thy mercy, and let my upright conduct be acceptable to thee!
X
Versículo 15
X. Treading wine-presses - The Sabbath appears to have been totally disregarded.
Treading wine-presses - The Sabbath appears to have been totally disregarded.
XI
Versículo 17
XI. I contended with the nobles - These evils took place through their negligence; and this I proved …
I contended with the nobles - These evils took place through their negligence; and this I proved before them.
XII
Versículo 19
XII. When the gates - began to be dark - After sunset on Friday evening he caused the gates to be shut…
When the gates - began to be dark - After sunset on Friday evening he caused the gates to be shut, and kept them shut all the Sabbath; and, as he could not trust the ordinary officers, he set some of his own servants to watch the gates, that no person might enter for the purpose of traffic.
XIII
Versículo 20
XIII. So the merchants - lodged without Jerusalem - They exposed their wares for sale on the outside of…
So the merchants - lodged without Jerusalem - They exposed their wares for sale on the outside of the walls.
XIV
Versículo 21
XIV. I will lay hands on you - I will imprison every man of you. This had the desired effect; they cam…
I will lay hands on you - I will imprison every man of you. This had the desired effect; they came no more.
XV
Versículo 22
XV. Spare me according to the greatness of thy mercy - By some Nehemiah has been thought to deal with…
Spare me according to the greatness of thy mercy - By some Nehemiah has been thought to deal with God too much on the principle of merit. That he wished God to remember him for good, is sufficiently evident; and who does not wish the same? But that he expected heaven because of his good deeds, does not appear. Indeed, the concluding clause of this verse proves the contrary, and shows that he expected nothing from God but through the greatness of his mercy. Shame on those who, with this evidence before them, brand this good man with the epithet of workmonger! a man who, in inward holiness, outward usefulness, and genuine love to God and man, was worth ten score of such self-called believers.
16
Versículo 24
16. Half in the speech of Ashdod - There were children in the same family by Jewish and Philistine mo…
Half in the speech of Ashdod - There were children in the same family by Jewish and Philistine mothers. As the Jewish mother would always speak to her children in Hebrew or Chaldee, so they learnt to speak these languages; and as the Ashdod mother would always speak to her children in the Ashdod language, so they learnt that tongue. Thus there were, in the same family, children who could not understand each other; half, or one part, speaking one language, and the other part another. Children of different wives did not ordinarily mingle together; and the wives had separate apartments. This is a better explanation than that which intimates that the same child spoke a jargon, half Ashdod and half Hebrew.
17
Versículo 25
17. I contended with them - Proved the fact against these iniquitous fathers, in a legal assembly.
I contended with them - Proved the fact against these iniquitous fathers, in a legal assembly.
And cursed them - Denounced the judgments of God and the sentence of the law upon them.
Smote certain of them - Had them punished by whipping.
And plucked off their hair - Had them shaven, as a mark of the greatest ignominy.
And made them swear by God, saying, Ye shall not give - Caused them to bind themselves by an oath, that they would make no intermarriages with those who were not of the seed of Israel.
18
Versículo 26
18. Did not Solomon - Have you not had an awful example before you? What a heavy curse did Solomon's …
Did not Solomon - Have you not had an awful example before you? What a heavy curse did Solomon's conduct bring upon himself and upon the people, for a conduct such as yours?
19
Versículo 27
19. Shall we then hearken unto you - If God spared not Solomon, who was so much beloved of Him, shall…
Shall we then hearken unto you - If God spared not Solomon, who was so much beloved of Him, shall we spare you, who by your conduct are bringing down God's judgments upon Israel?
20
Versículo 28
20. One of the sons of Joiada - This was Manasseh, brother of Jaddua, son of Joiada, and grandson of …
One of the sons of Joiada - This was Manasseh, brother of Jaddua, son of Joiada, and grandson of Eliashib the high priest.
I chased him from me - Struck him off the list of the priests, and deemed him utterly unworthy of all connection and intercourse with truly religious people.
21
Versículo 29
21. Because they have defiled the priesthood - God, therefore, will remember their iniquities against…
Because they have defiled the priesthood - God, therefore, will remember their iniquities against them, and punish them for their transgressions. These words of Nehemiah are to be understood declaratively.
22
Versículo 31
22. For the wood-offering - This was a most necessary regulation: without it the temple service could…
For the wood-offering - This was a most necessary regulation: without it the temple service could not have gone forward; and therefore Nehemiah mentions this as one of the most important services he had rendered to his nation. See Neh 10:34.
Remember me, O my God, for good - This has precisely the same meaning with, O my God, have mercy upon me! and thus alone it should be understood.
Of Nehemiah the Jews speak as one of the greatest men of their nation. His concern for his country, manifested by such unequivocal marks, entitles him to the character of the first patriot that ever lived. In the course of the Divine providence, he was a captive in Babylon; but there his excellences were so apparent, that he was chosen by the Persian king to fill an office the most respectable and the most confidential in the whole court. Here he lived in ease and affluence; he lacked no manner of thing that was good; and here he might have continued to live, in the same affluence and in the same confidence: but he could enjoy neither, so long as his people were distressed, the sepulchres of his fathers trodden under foot, the altars of his God overturned, and his worship either totally neglected or corrupted. He sought the peace of Jerusalem; he prayed to God for it; and was willing to sacrifice wealth, ease, and safety, and even life itself, if he might be the instrument of restoring the desolations of Israel. And God, who saw the desire of his heart, and knew the excellences with which he had endowed him, granted his request, and gave him the high honor of restoring the desolated city of his ancestors, and the pure worship of their God. On this account he has been considered by several as an expressive type of Jesus Christ, and many parallels have been shown in their lives and conduct.
I have already, in several notes, vindicated him from all mercenary and interested views, as well as from all false notions of religion, grounded on human merit. For disinterestedness, philanthropy, patriotism, prudence, courage, zeal, humanity, and every virtue that constitutes a great mind, and proves a soul in deep communion with God, Nehemiah will ever stand conspicuous among the greatest men of the Jewish nation, and an exemplar worthy to be copied by the first patriots in every nation under heaven.
It has already been observed that, in the Jewish canon, Ezra and Nehemiah make but one book; and that both have been attributed, but without reason, to the same author: hence the Syriac version ends with this colophon - The end of the book of Ezra, the scribe, in which are contained two thousand three hundred and sixty-one verses.
Antiguo Testamento
Nehemiah — Capítulo 13
The law is read, which commands that the Ammonite and Moabite should be separated from the congregation, on which they separate all the mixed multitude, Neh 13:1-3. Eliashib the high priest having not only joined opin…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Aquel día se leyó en el libro de Moisés, oyéndolo el pueblo, y fue hallado escrito en él que los amonitas y moabitas no debían entrar jamás en la congregación de Dios,
2por cuanto no salieron a recibir a los hijos de Israel con pan y agua, sino que dieron dinero a Balaam para que los maldijera; mas nuestro Dios volvió la maldición en bendición.
3Cuando oyeron, pues, la ley, separaron de Israel a todos los mezclados con extranjeros.
4Y antes de esto el sacerdote Eliasib, siendo jefe de la cámara de la casa de nuestro Dios, había emparentado con Tobías,
5y le había hecho una gran cámara, en la cual guardaban antes las ofrendas, el incienso, los utensilios, el diezmo del grano, del vino y del aceite, que estaba mandado dar a los levitas, a los cantores y a los porteros, y la ofrenda de los sacerdotes.
6Mas a todo esto, yo no estaba en Jerusalén, porque en el año treinta y dos de Artajerjes rey de Babilonia fui al rey; y al cabo de algunos días pedí permiso al rey
7para volver a Jerusalén; y entonces supe del mal que había hecho Eliasib por consideración a Tobías, haciendo para él una cámara en los atrios de la casa de Dios.
8Y me dolió en gran manera; y arrojé todos los muebles de la casa de Tobías fuera de la cámara,
9y dije que limpiasen las cámaras, e hice volver allí los utensilios de la casa de Dios, las ofrendas y el incienso.
10Encontré asimismo que las porciones para los levitas no les habían sido dadas, y que los levitas y cantores que hacían el servicio habían huido cada uno a su heredad.
11Entonces reprendí a los oficiales, y dije: ¿Por qué está la casa de Dios abandonada? Y los reuní y los puse en sus puestos.
12Y todo Judá trajo el diezmo del grano, del vino y del aceite, a los almacenes.
13Y puse por mayordomos de ellos al sacerdote Selemías y al escriba Sadoc, y de los levitas a Pedaías; y al servicio de ellos a Hanán hijo de Zacur, hijo de Matanías; porque eran tenidos por fieles, y ellos tenían que repartir a sus hermanos.
14Acuérdate de mí, oh Dios, en orden a esto, y no borres mis misericordias que hice en la casa de mi Dios, y en su servicio.
15En aquellos días vi en Judá a algunos que pisaban en lagares en el día de reposo, y que acarreaban haces, y cargaban asnos con vino, y también de uvas, de higos y toda suerte de carga, y que traían a Jerusalén en día de reposo; y los amonesté acerca del día en que vendían las provisiones.
16También había en la ciudad tirios que traían pescado y toda mercadería, y vendían en día de reposo a los hijos de Judá en Jerusalén.
17Y reprendí a los señores de Judá y les dije: ¿Qué mala cosa es esta que vosotros hacéis, profanando así el día de reposo?
18¿No hicieron así vuestros padres, y trajo nuestro Dios todo este mal sobre nosotros y sobre esta ciudad? ¿Y vosotros añadís ira sobre Israel profanando el día de reposo?
19Sucedió, pues, que cuando iba oscureciendo a las puertas de Jerusalén antes del día de reposo, dije que se cerrasen las puertas, y ordené que no las abriesen hasta después del día de reposo; y puse a las puertas algunos de mis criados, para que en día de reposo no introdujeran carga.
20Y se quedaron fuera de Jerusalén una y dos veces los negociantes y los que vendían toda especie de mercancía.
21Y les amonesté y les dije: ¿Por qué os quedáis vosotros delante del muro? Si lo hacéis otra vez, os echaré mano. Desde entonces no vinieron en día de reposo.
22Y dije a los levitas que se purificasen y viniesen a guardar las puertas, para santificar el día del reposo. También por esto acuérdate de mí, Dios mío, y perdóname según la grandeza de tu misericordia.
23Vi asimismo en aquellos días a judíos que habían tomado mujeres de Asdod, amonitas, y moabitas;
24y la mitad de sus hijos hablaban la lengua de Asdod, porque no sabían hablar judaico, sino que hablaban conforme a la lengua de cada pueblo.
25Y reñí con ellos, y los maldije, y herí a algunos de ellos, y les arranqué los cabellos, y les hice jurar, diciendo: No daréis vuestras hijas a sus hijos, y no tomaréis de sus hijas para vuestros hijos, ni para vosotros mismos.
26¿No pecó por esto Salomón, rey de Israel? Bien que en muchas naciones no hubo rey como él, que era amado de su Dios, y Dios lo había puesto por rey sobre todo Israel, aun a él le hicieron pecar las mujeres extranjeras.
27¿Y obedeceremos a vosotros para cometer todo este mal tan grande de prevaricar contra nuestro Dios, tomando mujeres extranjeras?
28Y uno de los hijos de Joiada hijo del sumo sacerdote Eliasib era yerno de Sanbalat horonita; por tanto, lo ahuyenté de mí.
29Acuérdate de ellos, Dios mío, contra los que contaminan el sacerdocio, y el pacto del sacerdocio y de los levitas.
30Los limpié, pues, de todo extranjero, y puse a los sacerdotes y levitas por sus grupos, a cada uno en su servicio;
31y para la ofrenda de la leña en los tiempos señalados, y para las primicias. Acuérdate de mí, Dios mío, para bien.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 1
I. On that day - I am quite of Calmet's mind that the transaction detailed in this chapter did not i…
Versículo 3
II. They separated from Israel all the mixed multitude - They excluded all strange women, and all per…
Versículo 4
III. Eliashib the priest - Perhaps this was a different person from Eliashib the high priest; but ther…
Versículo 6
IV. Was not I at Jerusalem - Nehemiah came to Jerusalem in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes, and rema…
Versículo 8
V. I cast forth all the household stuff of Tobiah - He acted as Jesus Christ did when he found the c…
Versículo 10
VI. The portions of the Levites had not been given - Hence we find they were obliged to abandon the s…
Versículo 11
VII. Why is the house of God forsaken? - They had all solemnly promised, Neh 10:39, that they would ne…
Versículo 13
VIII. They were counted faithful - They were reported to me as persons in whom I could confide; they ha…
Versículo 14
IX. Wipe not out my good deeds - If thou wert strict to mark what is done amiss, even my good deeds m…
Versículo 15
X. Treading wine-presses - The Sabbath appears to have been totally disregarded.
Versículo 17
XI. I contended with the nobles - These evils took place through their negligence; and this I proved …
Versículo 19
XII. When the gates - began to be dark - After sunset on Friday evening he caused the gates to be shut…
Versículo 20
XIII. So the merchants - lodged without Jerusalem - They exposed their wares for sale on the outside of…
Versículo 21
XIV. I will lay hands on you - I will imprison every man of you. This had the desired effect; they cam…
Versículo 22
XV. Spare me according to the greatness of thy mercy - By some Nehemiah has been thought to deal with…
Versículo 24
16. Half in the speech of Ashdod - There were children in the same family by Jewish and Philistine mo…
Versículo 25
17. I contended with them - Proved the fact against these iniquitous fathers, in a legal assembly.
Versículo 26
18. Did not Solomon - Have you not had an awful example before you? What a heavy curse did Solomon's …
Versículo 27
19. Shall we then hearken unto you - If God spared not Solomon, who was so much beloved of Him, shall…
Versículo 28
20. One of the sons of Joiada - This was Manasseh, brother of Jaddua, son of Joiada, and grandson of …
Versículo 29
21. Because they have defiled the priesthood - God, therefore, will remember their iniquities against…
Versículo 31
22. For the wood-offering - This was a most necessary regulation: without it the temple service could…