Antiguo Testamento

2 Kings — Capítulo 22

Josiah succeeds Amon his father, and reigns thirty-one years, Kg2 22:1, Kg2 22:2. He repairs the breaches of the temple, Kg2 22:3-7. Hilkiah finds the book of the law in the temple, Kg2 22:8. It is read by Shaphan the…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Cuando Josías comenzó a reinar era de ocho años, y reinó en Jerusalén treinta y un años. El nombre de su madre fue Jedida hija de Adaía, de Boscat.

2E hizo lo recto ante los ojos de Jehová, y anduvo en todo el camino de David su padre, sin apartarse a derecha ni a izquierda.

3A los dieciocho años del rey Josías, envió el rey a Safán hijo de Azalía, hijo de Mesulam, escriba, a la casa de Jehová, diciendo:

4Ve al sumo sacerdote Hilcías, y dile que recoja el dinero que han traído a la casa de Jehová, que han recogido del pueblo los guardianes de la puerta,

5y que lo pongan en manos de los que hacen la obra, que tienen a su cargo el arreglo de la casa de Jehová, y que lo entreguen a los que hacen la obra de la casa de Jehová, para reparar las grietas de la casa;

6a los carpinteros, maestros y albañiles, para comprar madera y piedra de cantería para reparar la casa;

7y que no se les tome cuenta del dinero cuyo manejo se les confiare, porque ellos proceden con honradez.

8Entonces dijo el sumo sacerdote Hilcías al escriba Safán: He hallado el libro de la ley en la casa de Jehová. E Hilcías dio el libro a Safán, y lo leyó.

9Viniendo luego el escriba Safán al rey, dio cuenta al rey y dijo: Tus siervos han recogido el dinero que se halló en el templo, y lo han entregado en poder de los que hacen la obra, que tienen a su cargo el arreglo de la casa de Jehová.

10Asimismo el escriba Safán declaró al rey, diciendo: El sacerdote Hilcías me ha dado un libro. Y lo leyó Safán delante del rey.

11Y cuando el rey hubo oído las palabras del libro de la ley, rasgó sus vestidos.

12Luego el rey dio orden al sacerdote Hilcías, a Ahicam hijo de Safán, a Acbor hijo de Micaías, al escriba Safán y a Asaías siervo del rey, diciendo:

13Id y preguntad a Jehová por mí, y por el pueblo, y por todo Judá, acerca de las palabras de este libro que se ha hallado; porque grande es la ira de Jehová que se ha encendido contra nosotros, por cuanto nuestros padres no escucharon las palabras de este libro, para hacer conforme a todo lo que nos fue escrito.

14Entonces fueron el sacerdote Hilcías, y Ahicam, Acbor, Safán y Asaías, a la profetisa Hulda, mujer de Salum hijo de Ticva, hijo de Harhas, guarda de las vestiduras, la cual moraba en Jerusalén en la segunda parte de la ciudad, y hablaron con ella.

15Y ella les dijo: Así ha dicho Jehová el Dios de Israel: Decid al varón que os envió a mí:

16Así dijo Jehová: He aquí yo traigo sobre este lugar, y sobre los que en él moran, todo el mal de que habla este libro que ha leído el rey de Judá;

17por cuanto me dejaron a mí, y quemaron incienso a dioses ajenos, provocándome a ira con toda la obra de sus manos; mi ira se ha encendido contra este lugar, y no se apagará.

18Mas al rey de Judá que os ha enviado para que preguntaseis a Jehová, diréis así: Así ha dicho Jehová el Dios de Israel: Por cuanto oíste las palabras del libro,

19y tu corazón se enterneció, y te humillaste delante de Jehová, cuando oíste lo que yo he pronunciado contra este lugar y contra sus moradores, que vendrán a ser asolados y malditos, y rasgaste tus vestidos, y lloraste en mi presencia, también yo te he oído, dice Jehová.

20Por tanto, he aquí yo te recogeré con tus padres, y serás llevado a tu sepulcro en paz, y no verán tus ojos todo el mal que yo traigo sobre este lugar. Y ellos dieron al rey la respuesta.

ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY

Versículo 1

I. Josiah was eight years old - He was one of the best, if not the best, of all the Jewish kings sin…

Josiah was eight years old - He was one of the best, if not the best, of all the Jewish kings since the time of David. He began well, continued well, and ended well.

Versículo 4

II. That he may sum the silver - As Josiah began to seek the Lord as soon as he began to reign, we ma…

That he may sum the silver - As Josiah began to seek the Lord as soon as he began to reign, we may naturally conclude that the worship of God that was neglected and suppressed by his father, was immediately restored; and the people began their accustomed offerings to the temple. Ten years therefore had elapsed since these offerings began; no one had, as yet, taken account of them; nor were they applied to the use for which they were given, viz., the repairing the breaches of the temple.

Versículo 8

III. I have found the book of the law - Was this the autograph of Moses? It is very probable that it w…

I have found the book of the law - Was this the autograph of Moses? It is very probable that it was, for in the parallel place; Ch2 34:14, it is said to be the book of the law of the Lord by Moses. It is supposed to be that part of Deuteronomy (28, 29, 30, and 31), which contains the renewing of the covenant in the plains of Moab, and which contains the most terrible invectives against the corrupters of God's word and worship. The rabbins say that Ahaz, Manasseh, and Amon endeavored to destroy all the copies of the law, and this only was saved by having been buried under a paving-stone. It is scarcely reasonable to suppose that this was the only copy of the law that was found in Judea; for even if we grant that Ahaz, Manasseh, and Amon had endeavored to destroy all the books of the law, yet they could not have succeeded so as to destroy the whole. Besides, Manasseh endeavored after his conversion to restore every part of the Divine worship, and in this he could have done nothing without the Pentateuch; and the succeeding reign of Amon was too short to give him opportunity to undo every thing that his penitent father had reformed. Add to all these considerations, that in the time of Jehoshaphat teaching from the law was universal in the land, for he set on foot an itinerant ministry, in order to instruct the people fully: for "he sent to his princes to teach in the cities of Judah; and with them he sent Levites and priests; and they went about through all the cities of Judah, and taught the people, having the book of the Lord with them;" see Ch2 17:7-9. And if there be any thing wanting to show the improbability of the thing, it must be this, that the transactions mentioned here took place in the eighteenth year of the reign of Josiah, who had, from the time he came to the throne, employed himself in the restoration of the pure worship of God; and it is not likely that during these eighteen years he was without a copy of the Pentateuch. The simple fact seems to be this, that this was the original of the covenant renewed by Moses with the people in the plains of Moab, and which he ordered to be laid up beside the ark; (Deu 31:26); and now being unexpectedly found, its antiquity, the occasion of its being made, the present circumstances of the people, the imperfect state in which the reformation was as yet, after all that had been done, would all concur to produce the effect here mentioned on the mind of the pious Josiah.

Versículo 14

IV. Went unto Huldah the prophetess - This is a most singular circumstance: At this time Jeremiah was…

Went unto Huldah the prophetess - This is a most singular circumstance: At this time Jeremiah was certainly a prophet in Israel, but it is likely he now dwelt at Anathoth and could not be readily consulted; Zephaniah also prophesied under this reign, but probably he had not yet begun; Hilkiah was high priest, and the priest's lips should retain knowledge. Shaphan was scribe, and must have been conversant in sacred affairs to have been at all fit for his office; and yet Huldah, a prophetess, of whom we know nothing but by this circumstance, is consulted on the meaning of the book of the law; for the secret of the Lord was neither with Hilkiah the high priest, Shaphan the scribe, nor any other of the servants of the king, or ministers of the temple! We find from this, and we have many facts in all ages to corroborate it, that a pontiff, a pope, a bishop, or a priest, may, in some cases, not possess the true knowledge of God; and that a simple woman, possessing the life of God in her soul, may have more knowledge of the Divine testimonies than many of those whose office it is to explain and enforce them. On this subject Dr. Priestley in his note makes the following very judicious remark: - "It pleased God to distinguish several women with the spirit of prophecy, as well as other great attainments, to show that in his sight, and especially in things of a spiritual nature, there is no essential pre-eminence in the male sex, though in some things the female be subject to the male."

Versículo 17

V. My wrath shall be kindled - The decree is gone forth; Jerusalem shall be delivered into the hands…

My wrath shall be kindled - The decree is gone forth; Jerusalem shall be delivered into the hands of its enemies; the people will revolt more and more; towards them longsuffering is useless; the wrath of God is kindled, and shall not be quenched. This was a dreadful message.

Versículo 19

VI. Because thine heart was tender - Because thou hast feared the Lord, and trembled at his word and …

Because thine heart was tender - Because thou hast feared the Lord, and trembled at his word and hast wept before me, I have heard thee, so far that these evils shall not come upon the land in thy lifetime.

Versículo 20

VII. Thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace - During thy life none of these calamities shall f…

Thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace - During thy life none of these calamities shall fall upon the people, and no adversary shall be permitted to disturb the peace of Judea, and thou shalt die in peace with God. But was Josiah gathered to the grave in peace? Is it not said, Kg2 23:29, that Pharaoh-nechoh slew him at Megiddo? On this we may remark, that the Assyrians and the Jews were at peace; that Josiah might feel it his duty to oppose the Egyptian king going against his friend and ally, and endeavor to prevent him from passing through his territories; and that in his endeavors to oppose him he was mortally wounded at Megiddo: but certainly was not killed there; for his servants put him in his second chariot and brought him to Jerusalem, where he died in peace. See Ch2 35:24. So that, however we take the place here, we shall find that the words of Huldah were true: he did die in peace, and was gathered to his fathers in peace. From the account in the above chapter, where we have this business detailed, we find that Josiah should not have meddled in the quarrel between the Egyptian and the Assyrian kings, for God had given a commission to the former against the latter; but he did it in error, and suffered for it. But this unfortunate end of this pious man does not at all impeach the credit of Huldah; he died in peace in his own kingdom. He died in peace with God, and there was neither war nor desolation in his land: nor did the king of Egypt proceed any farther against the Jews during his life; for he said, "What have I to do with thee, thou king of Judah? I come not against thee, but the house wherewith I have war; for God commanded me to make haste: forbear then from meddling with God, who is with me, that he destroy thee not. Nevertheless, Josiah would not turn his face from him, and hearkened not to the words of Nechoh, from the mouth of God. And the archers shot at King Josiah: and the king said, Bear me away, for I am sore wounded. And his servants took him out of that chariot, and put him in the second chariot, and they brought him to Jerusalem, and he died and was buried in the sepulcher of his fathers;" Ch2 35:21-24. It seems as if the Egyptian king had brought his troops by sea to Caesarea, and wished to cross the Jordan about the southern point of the sea of Tiberias, that he might get as speedily as possible into the Assyrian dependencies; and that he took this road, for God, as he said, had commanded him to make haste.

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Versículo 20