Can God rescue us from the problems we face? Can he save us from oppressive world powers? Can he break the power of our sin and help us deal with its consequences? Isaiah answers these questions with a resounding yes! The prophet’s words sometimes overwhelm us with their beauty. At other times, his piercing words reveal our sin and drive us to our knees. Isaiah’s own ministry began with a visio…
1Visión de Isaías hijo de Amoz, la cual vio acerca de Judá y Jerusalén en días de Uzías, Jotam, Acaz y Ezequías, reyes de Judá.
2Oíd, cielos, y escucha tú, tierra; porque habla Jehová: Crie hijos, y los engrandecí, y ellos se rebelaron contra mí.
3El buey conoce a su dueño, y el asno el pesebre de su señor; Israel no entiende, mi pueblo no tiene conocimiento.
4¡Oh gente pecadora, pueblo cargado de maldad, generación de malignos, hijos depravados! Dejaron a Jehová, provocaron a ira al Santo de Israel, se volvieron atrás.
5¿Por qué querréis ser castigados aún? ¿Todavía os rebelaréis? Toda cabeza está enferma, y todo corazón doliente.
6Desde la planta del pie hasta la cabeza no hay en él cosa sana, sino herida, hinchazón y podrida llaga; no están curadas, ni vendadas, ni suavizadas con aceite.
7Vuestra tierra está destruida, vuestras ciudades puestas a fuego, vuestra tierra delante de vosotros comida por extranjeros, y asolada como asolamiento de extraños.
8Y queda la hija de Sion como enramada en viña, y como cabaña en melonar, como ciudad asolada.
9Si Jehová de los ejércitos no nos hubiese dejado un resto pequeño, como Sodoma fuéramos, y semejantes a Gomorra.
10Príncipes de Sodoma, oíd la palabra de Jehová; escuchad la ley de nuestro Dios, pueblo de Gomorra.
11¿Para qué me sirve, dice Jehová, la multitud de vuestros sacrificios? Hastiado estoy de holocaustos de carneros y de sebo de animales gordos; no quiero sangre de bueyes, ni de ovejas, ni de machos cabríos.
12¿Quién demanda esto de vuestras manos, cuando venís a presentaros delante de mí para hollar mis atrios?
13No me traigáis más vana ofrenda; el incienso me es abominación; luna nueva y día de reposo, el convocar asambleas, no lo puedo sufrir; son iniquidad vuestras fiestas solemnes.
14Vuestras lunas nuevas y vuestras fiestas solemnes las tiene aborrecidas mi alma; me son gravosas; cansado estoy de soportarlas.
15Cuando extendáis vuestras manos, yo esconderé de vosotros mis ojos; asimismo cuando multipliquéis la oración, yo no oiré; llenas están de sangre vuestras manos.
16Lavaos y limpiaos; quitad la iniquidad de vuestras obras de delante de mis ojos; dejad de hacer lo malo;
17aprended a hacer el bien; buscad el juicio, restituid al agraviado, haced justicia al huérfano, amparad a la viuda.
18Venid luego, dice Jehová, y estemos a cuenta: si vuestros pecados fueren como la grana, como la nieve serán emblanquecidos; si fueren rojos como el carmesí, vendrán a ser como blanca lana.
19Si quisiereis y oyereis, comeréis el bien de la tierra;
20si no quisiereis y fuereis rebeldes, seréis consumidos a espada; porque la boca de Jehová lo ha dicho.
21¿Cómo te has convertido en ramera, oh ciudad fiel? Llena estuvo de justicia, en ella habitó la equidad; pero ahora, los homicidas.
22Tu plata se ha convertido en escorias, tu vino está mezclado con agua.
23Tus príncipes, prevaricadores y compañeros de ladrones; todos aman el soborno, y van tras las recompensas; no hacen justicia al huérfano, ni llega a ellos la causa de la viuda.
24Por tanto, dice el Señor, Jehová de los ejércitos, el Fuerte de Israel: Ea, tomaré satisfacción de mis enemigos, me vengaré de mis adversarios;
25y volveré mi mano contra ti, y limpiaré hasta lo más puro tus escorias, y quitaré toda tu impureza.
26Restauraré tus jueces como al principio, y tus consejeros como eran antes; entonces te llamarán Ciudad de justicia, Ciudad fiel.
27Sion será rescatada con juicio, y los convertidos de ella con justicia.
28Pero los rebeldes y pecadores a una serán quebrantados, y los que dejan a Jehová serán consumidos.
29Entonces os avergonzarán las encinas que amasteis, y os afrentarán los huertos que escogisteis.
30Porque seréis como encina a la que se le cae la hoja, y como huerto al que le faltan las aguas.
31Y el fuerte será como estopa, y lo que hizo como centella; y ambos serán encendidos juntamente, y no habrá quien apague.
TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES
I
Versículo 1
I. 1:1 These are the visions (literally The vision): This term introduces the book as a unified whol…
1:1 These are the visions (literally The vision): This term introduces the book as a unified whole, covering Isaiah’s prophecies over a period of some fifty-five years (about 740–685 BC). • Isaiah son of Amoz: Beyond this, nothing is known of Isaiah’s family background. • Jerusalem, the capital city of Judah, was the center of Isaiah’s ministry. However, some of his prophecies also relate to the northern kingdom, Israel (referred to as Samaria and Ephraim, 9:8-21; 28:1-13), which fell in 722 BC (see 2 Kgs 17).
II
Versículo 2
II. 1:2 heavens . . . earth: All of creation is called to witness the trial that God convened against…
1:2 heavens . . . earth: All of creation is called to witness the trial that God convened against Judah (cp. Deut 31:28; 32:1).
III
Versículo 3
III. 1:3 an ox knows its owner: Not so with Judah. Yet despite their rebellion, God still graciously a…
1:3 an ox knows its owner: Not so with Judah. Yet despite their rebellion, God still graciously addressed them as my people.
IV
Versículo 4
IV. 1:4 The expression Holy One of Israel is frequently used in Isaiah as a title for the Lord. God i…
1:4 The expression Holy One of Israel is frequently used in Isaiah as a title for the Lord. God is the righteous and just King of heaven and earth (6:3-5), the incomparable God (40:25), and the Redeemer of his people (43:14). It was a terrible and foolish sin for Judah to reject him.
V
Versículo 5
V. 1:5 God sent famine, war, disease, and death as punishment. In most cases, however, God wanted to…
1:5 God sent famine, war, disease, and death as punishment. In most cases, however, God wanted to change stubborn behavior rather than simply to punish. • As a result of their persistent rebellion, the people’s head is injured and their heart is sick. The nation was wounded physically from Assyrian aggression, while spiritually they were defiled and overtaken by sin (64:6).
VI
Versículo 6
VI. 1:6 without any soothing ointments or bandages: Judah’s national condition was like the body of a…
1:6 without any soothing ointments or bandages: Judah’s national condition was like the body of an injured person who had not received medical care.
VII
Versículo 7
VII. 1:7 country . . . towns: By 701 BC, the Assyrians had destroyed the infrastructure, taken cities,…
1:7 country . . . towns: By 701 BC, the Assyrians had destroyed the infrastructure, taken cities, and ravaged the fields (see 64:10). This fulfilled Isaiah’s prophetic word (6:11-13). Those who survived this Assyrian onslaught would know by experience to heed later warnings of exile to Babylon (39:6-7). God does what he says he will do, so the warning of God’s judgment on all the nations is certain.
VIII
Versículo 8
VIII. 1:8 Beautiful Jerusalem (Hebrew The daughter of Zion): Zion, one of the hills on which Jerusalem …
1:8 Beautiful Jerusalem (Hebrew The daughter of Zion): Zion, one of the hills on which Jerusalem stands, often served as a synonym for Jerusalem. Zion carried with it the notion of God’s presence (Ps 46), his protection of his people, and Jerusalem’s resistance to enemy forces. Now, however, the opposite was true. Jerusalem had become weak, like a helpless city under siege and like an abandoned . . . shelter or lean-to.
IX
Versículo 9
IX. 1:9 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies refers to the millions of angels that are at the Lord’s command (…
1:9 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies refers to the millions of angels that are at the Lord’s command (see 2 Kgs 6:16-17; Matt 26:53). At the Exodus, Moses described God as a warrior fighting for his people (Exod 15:1-21). Ironically, in Isaiah’s day, God fought against Judah because of their wickedness (Isa 1:24; 3:1-5).
X
Versículo 10
X. 1:10 Listen to (literally listen to the word of) the Lord: In this context, listen means to respo…
1:10 Listen to (literally listen to the word of) the Lord: In this context, listen means to respond in obedience to the law (or teaching; Hebrew torah) of our God (see 2:3; 5:24). • leaders . . . people: All levels of society were guilty. • Like Sodom and Gomorrah, Jerusalem had come under divine judgment for its rebellion against God’s laws. Jerusalem might have been utterly destroyed like those cities were it not for God’s grace (1:9; see Gen 19).
XI
Versículo 11
XI. 1:11-15 The people had so offended God through their sin that he took no pleasure any more in the…
1:11-15 The people had so offended God through their sin that he took no pleasure any more in their sacrifices. The Lord wanted Judah to stop the religious exercises he had commanded them to do rather than to continue them in a manner that was sinful and false (1:13). Ritual is never an acceptable substitute for true godliness.
XII
Versículo 13
XII. 1:13 The incense that accompanied offerings was intended as a sweet fragrance to the Lord (see Ex…
1:13 The incense that accompanied offerings was intended as a sweet fragrance to the Lord (see Exod 30:7-8), but when offered with hypocrisy it was a nauseating stench and an abomination to God. • While the Lord had ordered special days for fasting at the Temple (Lev 16:31; 23:32; Num 29:7), they were ruined by the guilt of Judah’s sin (see Isa 58:1-7; Matt 6:16-18). • pious meetings: These holy days were associated with the new moon and other festivals (see Lev 23).
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. 1:14 New moon celebrations occurred on the first day of each lunar month (Num 28:11-15) and inclu…
1:14 New moon celebrations occurred on the first day of each lunar month (Num 28:11-15) and included sacrifices, feasting, and rest from work. • The annual festivals were the festivals of Passover, Harvest, Trumpets, and Shelters (Num 28:16–29:39; Deut 16:1-17).
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. 1:15 I will not look . . . I will not listen: The Lord does not respond to prayer offered from a …
1:15 I will not look . . . I will not listen: The Lord does not respond to prayer offered from a life of persistent wickedness. In this case, God charged the people with perverting his laws in order to practice violent injustice toward innocent victims.
XV
Versículo 16
XV. 1:16 Wash . . . and be clean! The people were defiled by their sin and the uncleanness of their s…
1:16 Wash . . . and be clean! The people were defiled by their sin and the uncleanness of their sacrifices. To be clean in God’s eyes, they needed to change their behavior, get rid of their sins, and give up their evil ways (see also 1:18).
16
Versículo 17
16. 1:17 Seeking justice means upholding God’s standards of fairness and advancing the rights of the …
1:17 Seeking justice means upholding God’s standards of fairness and advancing the rights of the oppressed, orphans, and widows—those who are weak and marginalized in society (see also Jer 7:5-7; 22:3; Zech 7:10; Matt 23:23; 25:31-46; Jas 1:27).
17
Versículo 18
17. 1:18 God called his people to come and settle their dispute so that he could restore his covenant…
1:18 God called his people to come and settle their dispute so that he could restore his covenant relationship with them. This required Judah to make a decision between obeying or turning away (1:19-20). Isaiah says their sins are like scarlet . . . they are red like crimson, the color of blood, which Judah had unjustly shed (1:15). • white as snow . . . white as wool: The people would be radically transformed—cleansed, purified, and made holy (see also Ps 51:7; Dan 7:9).
18
Versículo 19
18. 1:19-20 Repentance leads to life, whereas resisting God’s will and turning away from him results …
1:19-20 Repentance leads to life, whereas resisting God’s will and turning away from him results in death (see Deut 11:26-28; 28:1-62).
19
Versículo 20
19. 1:20 I, the Lord, have spoken! This statement marks the solemnity of what God has just promised. …
1:20 I, the Lord, have spoken! This statement marks the solemnity of what God has just promised. The phrase is used eleven times in Isaiah.
20
Versículo 21
20. 1:21 The image of Jerusalem as a prostitute represents Judah’s unfaithfulness to God (see Jer 3:6…
1:21 The image of Jerusalem as a prostitute represents Judah’s unfaithfulness to God (see Jer 3:6-14; Ezek 16:25-26; Hos 1–3).
21
Versículo 24
21. 1:24 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the Mighty One of Israel, was usually Israel’s protector (31:5)…
1:24 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the Mighty One of Israel, was usually Israel’s protector (31:5). However, in this context, God was coming to take revenge against his own people, who by their wickedness had become his enemies and foes.
22
Versículo 25
22. 1:25 I will raise my fist against you: God, normally Israel’s protector, would become their attac…
1:25 I will raise my fist against you: God, normally Israel’s protector, would become their attacker. However, he had a purpose beyond punishment. • I will melt you down. . . . I will remove all your impurities: God would use the Exile to remove the wicked from among his people and to refine those who would return.
23
Versículo 26
23. 1:26 The restoration of the community would be marked by new leaders who uphold justice rather th…
1:26 The restoration of the community would be marked by new leaders who uphold justice rather than perverting it (see 1:23). Jerusalem would again be pure silver (see 1:22), the Home of Justice and the Faithful City.
24
Versículo 27
24. 1:27 Here, Zion refers to the remnant community. Only those who repent would receive God’s salvat…
1:27 Here, Zion refers to the remnant community. Only those who repent would receive God’s salvation and purification and would dwell in his presence. Zion was required to be the bastion of justice and righteousness, for God loves righteousness. God expected the covenant community to reflect the holy standards he cares about.
25
Versículo 29
25. 1:29-30 The rebels (1:28), who practiced idolatry in groves of sacred oaks and in gardens dedicat…
1:29-30 The rebels (1:28), who practiced idolatry in groves of sacred oaks and in gardens dedicated to idols, would become like drought-stricken oaks and gardens. They would lack the nourishing vitality of the true God’s presence. Those who followed the Canaanite fertility religion of Baal treated gardens and trees as sacred, believing that they brought blessings. Instead, they brought spiritual death.
Antiguo Testamento
Isaiah — Capítulo 1
Can God rescue us from the problems we face? Can he save us from oppressive world powers? Can he break the power of our sin and help us deal with its consequences? Isaiah answers these questions with a resounding yes! The prophet’s words sometimes overwhelm us with their beauty. At other times, his piercing words reveal our sin and drive us to our knees. Isaiah’s own ministry began with a visio…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Visión de Isaías hijo de Amoz, la cual vio acerca de Judá y Jerusalén en días de Uzías, Jotam, Acaz y Ezequías, reyes de Judá.
2Oíd, cielos, y escucha tú, tierra; porque habla Jehová: Crie hijos, y los engrandecí, y ellos se rebelaron contra mí.
3El buey conoce a su dueño, y el asno el pesebre de su señor; Israel no entiende, mi pueblo no tiene conocimiento.
4¡Oh gente pecadora, pueblo cargado de maldad, generación de malignos, hijos depravados! Dejaron a Jehová, provocaron a ira al Santo de Israel, se volvieron atrás.
5¿Por qué querréis ser castigados aún? ¿Todavía os rebelaréis? Toda cabeza está enferma, y todo corazón doliente.
6Desde la planta del pie hasta la cabeza no hay en él cosa sana, sino herida, hinchazón y podrida llaga; no están curadas, ni vendadas, ni suavizadas con aceite.
7Vuestra tierra está destruida, vuestras ciudades puestas a fuego, vuestra tierra delante de vosotros comida por extranjeros, y asolada como asolamiento de extraños.
8Y queda la hija de Sion como enramada en viña, y como cabaña en melonar, como ciudad asolada.
9Si Jehová de los ejércitos no nos hubiese dejado un resto pequeño, como Sodoma fuéramos, y semejantes a Gomorra.
10Príncipes de Sodoma, oíd la palabra de Jehová; escuchad la ley de nuestro Dios, pueblo de Gomorra.
11¿Para qué me sirve, dice Jehová, la multitud de vuestros sacrificios? Hastiado estoy de holocaustos de carneros y de sebo de animales gordos; no quiero sangre de bueyes, ni de ovejas, ni de machos cabríos.
12¿Quién demanda esto de vuestras manos, cuando venís a presentaros delante de mí para hollar mis atrios?
13No me traigáis más vana ofrenda; el incienso me es abominación; luna nueva y día de reposo, el convocar asambleas, no lo puedo sufrir; son iniquidad vuestras fiestas solemnes.
14Vuestras lunas nuevas y vuestras fiestas solemnes las tiene aborrecidas mi alma; me son gravosas; cansado estoy de soportarlas.
15Cuando extendáis vuestras manos, yo esconderé de vosotros mis ojos; asimismo cuando multipliquéis la oración, yo no oiré; llenas están de sangre vuestras manos.
16Lavaos y limpiaos; quitad la iniquidad de vuestras obras de delante de mis ojos; dejad de hacer lo malo;
17aprended a hacer el bien; buscad el juicio, restituid al agraviado, haced justicia al huérfano, amparad a la viuda.
18Venid luego, dice Jehová, y estemos a cuenta: si vuestros pecados fueren como la grana, como la nieve serán emblanquecidos; si fueren rojos como el carmesí, vendrán a ser como blanca lana.
19Si quisiereis y oyereis, comeréis el bien de la tierra;
20si no quisiereis y fuereis rebeldes, seréis consumidos a espada; porque la boca de Jehová lo ha dicho.
21¿Cómo te has convertido en ramera, oh ciudad fiel? Llena estuvo de justicia, en ella habitó la equidad; pero ahora, los homicidas.
22Tu plata se ha convertido en escorias, tu vino está mezclado con agua.
23Tus príncipes, prevaricadores y compañeros de ladrones; todos aman el soborno, y van tras las recompensas; no hacen justicia al huérfano, ni llega a ellos la causa de la viuda.
24Por tanto, dice el Señor, Jehová de los ejércitos, el Fuerte de Israel: Ea, tomaré satisfacción de mis enemigos, me vengaré de mis adversarios;
25y volveré mi mano contra ti, y limpiaré hasta lo más puro tus escorias, y quitaré toda tu impureza.
26Restauraré tus jueces como al principio, y tus consejeros como eran antes; entonces te llamarán Ciudad de justicia, Ciudad fiel.
27Sion será rescatada con juicio, y los convertidos de ella con justicia.
28Pero los rebeldes y pecadores a una serán quebrantados, y los que dejan a Jehová serán consumidos.
29Entonces os avergonzarán las encinas que amasteis, y os afrentarán los huertos que escogisteis.
30Porque seréis como encina a la que se le cae la hoja, y como huerto al que le faltan las aguas.
31Y el fuerte será como estopa, y lo que hizo como centella; y ambos serán encendidos juntamente, y no habrá quien apague.
TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES
Versículo 1
I. 1:1 These are the visions (literally The vision): This term introduces the book as a unified whol…
Versículo 2
II. 1:2 heavens . . . earth: All of creation is called to witness the trial that God convened against…
Versículo 3
III. 1:3 an ox knows its owner: Not so with Judah. Yet despite their rebellion, God still graciously a…
Versículo 4
IV. 1:4 The expression Holy One of Israel is frequently used in Isaiah as a title for the Lord. God i…
Versículo 5
V. 1:5 God sent famine, war, disease, and death as punishment. In most cases, however, God wanted to…
Versículo 6
VI. 1:6 without any soothing ointments or bandages: Judah’s national condition was like the body of a…
Versículo 7
VII. 1:7 country . . . towns: By 701 BC, the Assyrians had destroyed the infrastructure, taken cities,…
Versículo 8
VIII. 1:8 Beautiful Jerusalem (Hebrew The daughter of Zion): Zion, one of the hills on which Jerusalem …
Versículo 9
IX. 1:9 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies refers to the millions of angels that are at the Lord’s command (…
Versículo 10
X. 1:10 Listen to (literally listen to the word of) the Lord: In this context, listen means to respo…
Versículo 11
XI. 1:11-15 The people had so offended God through their sin that he took no pleasure any more in the…
Versículo 13
XII. 1:13 The incense that accompanied offerings was intended as a sweet fragrance to the Lord (see Ex…
Versículo 14
XIII. 1:14 New moon celebrations occurred on the first day of each lunar month (Num 28:11-15) and inclu…
Versículo 15
XIV. 1:15 I will not look . . . I will not listen: The Lord does not respond to prayer offered from a …
Versículo 16
XV. 1:16 Wash . . . and be clean! The people were defiled by their sin and the uncleanness of their s…
Versículo 17
16. 1:17 Seeking justice means upholding God’s standards of fairness and advancing the rights of the …
Versículo 18
17. 1:18 God called his people to come and settle their dispute so that he could restore his covenant…
Versículo 19
18. 1:19-20 Repentance leads to life, whereas resisting God’s will and turning away from him results …
Versículo 20
19. 1:20 I, the Lord, have spoken! This statement marks the solemnity of what God has just promised. …
Versículo 21
20. 1:21 The image of Jerusalem as a prostitute represents Judah’s unfaithfulness to God (see Jer 3:6…
Versículo 24
21. 1:24 The Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the Mighty One of Israel, was usually Israel’s protector (31:5)…
Versículo 25
22. 1:25 I will raise my fist against you: God, normally Israel’s protector, would become their attac…
Versículo 26
23. 1:26 The restoration of the community would be marked by new leaders who uphold justice rather th…
Versículo 27
24. 1:27 Here, Zion refers to the remnant community. Only those who repent would receive God’s salvat…
Versículo 29
25. 1:29-30 The rebels (1:28), who practiced idolatry in groves of sacred oaks and in gardens dedicat…