David’s ascension to power over all the tribes of Israel was lined with violence, politics, and intrigue. David was far from a perfect king—he committed adultery, then committed murder to cover it up, and chaos ensued in his family and the nation. Yet God was eternally committed to David and his descendants. He protected David during the many challenges to his authority and mercifully forgave a…
1Después de esto, aconteció que David derrotó a los filisteos y los sometió, y tomó David a Meteg-ama de mano de los filisteos.
2Derrotó también a los de Moab, y los midió con cordel, haciéndolos tender por tierra; y midió dos cordeles para hacerlos morir, y un cordel entero para preservarles la vida; y fueron los moabitas siervos de David, y pagaron tributo.
3Asimismo derrotó David a Hadad-ezer hijo de Rehob, rey de Soba, al ir este a recuperar su territorio al río Éufrates.
4Y tomó David de ellos mil setecientos hombres de a caballo, y veinte mil hombres de a pie; y desjarretó David los caballos de todos los carros, pero dejó suficientes para cien carros.
5Y vinieron los sirios de Damasco para dar ayuda a Hadad-ezer rey de Soba; y David hirió de los sirios a veintidós mil hombres.
6Puso luego David guarnición en Siria de Damasco, y los sirios fueron hechos siervos de David, sujetos a tributo. Y Jehová dio la victoria a David por dondequiera que fue.
7Y tomó David los escudos de oro que traían los siervos de Hadad-ezer, y los llevó a Jerusalén.
8Asimismo de Beta y de Berotai, ciudades de Hadad-ezer, tomó el rey David gran cantidad de bronce.
9Entonces oyendo Toi rey de Hamat, que David había derrotado a todo el ejército de Hadad-ezer,
10envió Toi a Joram su hijo al rey David, para saludarle pacíficamente y para bendecirle, porque había peleado con Hadad-ezer y lo había vencido; porque Toi era enemigo de Hadad-ezer. Y Joram llevaba en su mano utensilios de plata, de oro y de bronce;
11los cuales el rey David dedicó a Jehová, con la plata y el oro que había dedicado de todas las naciones que había sometido;
12de los sirios, de los moabitas, de los amonitas, de los filisteos, de los amalecitas, y del botín de Hadad-ezer hijo de Rehob, rey de Soba.
13Así ganó David fama. Cuando regresaba de derrotar a los sirios, destrozó a dieciocho mil edomitas en el Valle de la Sal.
14Y puso guarnición en Edom; por todo Edom puso guarnición, y todos los edomitas fueron siervos de David. Y Jehová dio la victoria a David por dondequiera que fue.
15Y reinó David sobre todo Israel; y David administraba justicia y equidad a todo su pueblo.
16Joab hijo de Sarvia era general de su ejército, y Josafat hijo de Ahilud era cronista;
17Sadoc hijo de Ahitob y Ahimelec hijo de Abiatar eran sacerdotes; Seraías era escriba;
18Benaía hijo de Joiada estaba sobre los cereteos y peleteos; y los hijos de David eran los príncipes.
TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES
I
Versículo 1
I. 8:1-18 The expansion of David’s empire through military victories (8:1-14) and the establishment …
8:1-18 The expansion of David’s empire through military victories (8:1-14) and the establishment of his royal bureaucracy (8:15-18) fulfilled God’s promise of a famous name (7:9; cp. 8:13).
II
Versículo 2
II. 8:2 Moab was on the east side of the Dead Sea. Earlier, the people of Moab had provided David’s p…
8:2 Moab was on the east side of the Dead Sea. Earlier, the people of Moab had provided David’s parents with refuge during Saul’s reign (1 Sam 22:3-4); David’s great-grandmother, Ruth, was from Moab. For whatever reason, no such fraternal relationship existed any longer. • two groups to be executed for every one group to be spared: This is the only time in 2 Samuel that David executed captives taken in battle (see Num 21:29; 24:17; Deut 2:9).
III
Versículo 3
III. 8:3 Hadadezer reappears in 10:16 as David’s foe. He was either the direct son of Rehob and his su…
8:3 Hadadezer reappears in 10:16 as David’s foe. He was either the direct son of Rehob and his successor or the reigning king of a dynasty established by a king named Rehob, whose kingdom was near the northern city of Dan (see Judg 18:28; cp. Num 13:21). • Zobah was north and east of David’s kingdom. • It is possible that David, not Hadadezer (literally he), marched out to strengthen his control. • the Euphrates River: Literally the river; 1 Chr 18:3 specifically identifies the Euphrates. Cp. 2 Sam 10:16.
IV
Versículo 4
IV. 8:4 David would have crippled . . . horses to prevent their reuse by the enemy and because kings …
8:4 David would have crippled . . . horses to prevent their reuse by the enemy and because kings in Israel were not to accumulate horses (Deut 17:16).
V
Versículo 5
V. 8:5 Hadadezer’s neighbors, Arameans from Damascus, were of no help to him in repelling David. The…
8:5 Hadadezer’s neighbors, Arameans from Damascus, were of no help to him in repelling David. They would later be more successful against Solomon (1 Kgs 11:23-25) but less successful in their attack of Samaria during the days of King Ahab of Israel (1 Kgs 20).
VI
Versículo 6
VI. 8:6 David established army garrisons in Aram but not in Moab (8:2), which suggests that Aram was …
8:6 David established army garrisons in Aram but not in Moab (8:2), which suggests that Aram was a more formidable force and that David needed a military presence there to maintain control. • the Lord made David victorious: Cp. 8:14. God was the real source of David’s growth and power.
VII
Versículo 7
VII. 8:7 gold shields: See also 2 Kgs 11:10. • brought . . . to Jerusalem: In conformity with God’s st…
8:7 gold shields: See also 2 Kgs 11:10. • brought . . . to Jerusalem: In conformity with God’s stipulations for a good king (Deut 17:17), David dedicated these valuable items to God (see 2 Sam 8:11) rather than hoarding them for his own wealth and splendor.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. 8:9 Hamath was northwest of Hadadezer’s Zobah.
8:9 Hamath was northwest of Hadadezer’s Zobah.
IX
Versículo 10
IX. 8:10 his son: King Toi dispatched the crown prince rather than another entourage on this mission …
8:10 his son: King Toi dispatched the crown prince rather than another entourage on this mission because he considered it vital to stay properly connected with David. • Joram: The prefix Jo- is an abbreviated form of Yahweh; Joram means “Yahweh is exalted.” In 1 Chr 18:10 the prince’s name is Hadoram, which means “Hadad [a Canaanite god] is exalted.” It is possible that Toi changed the prince’s name for diplomatic reasons, to make it more agreeable to David.
X
Versículo 11
X. 8:11-12 Captured war booty and diplomatic exchanges went into God’s treasury rather than the king…
8:11-12 Captured war booty and diplomatic exchanges went into God’s treasury rather than the king’s treasury. Voluntary gifts (8:11a) and plunder exacted from defeated foes (8:11b-12) also were dedicated . . . to the Lord.
XI
Versículo 13
XI. 8:13-14 These two verses highlight three of David’s war policies: (1) inflict heavy damage on the…
8:13-14 These two verses highlight three of David’s war policies: (1) inflict heavy damage on the enemy (18,000 casualties); (2) reduce them to vassalage (they became David’s subjects); (3) place army garrisons in the conquered territory to maintain control over them. • Edomites: This name is very similar to Arameans in old Hebrew script. Edomites is more likely, however, because the Valley of Salt (the Dead Sea area) was adjacent to Edomite, not Aramean, territory.
XII
Versículo 15
XII. 8:15-18 David’s bureaucracy included (1) military officials (Joab); (2) a court historian (Jehosh…
8:15-18 David’s bureaucracy included (1) military officials (Joab); (2) a court historian (Jehoshaphat); (3) priests (Zadok and Ahimelech); (4) a scribe or court secretary (Seraiah); and (5) a security officer (Benaiah, who became a commander under Solomon; see also 1 Kgs 2:25-46).
XIII
Versículo 18
XIII. 8:18 the king’s bodyguard: Hebrew the Kerethites and Pelethites. Both peoples were probably forei…
8:18 the king’s bodyguard: Hebrew the Kerethites and Pelethites. Both peoples were probably foreigners, especially the Kerethites, who might have come from the island of Crete (see also 1 Sam 30:14; Ezek 25:16). These groups might have been Philistine mercenaries. • David’s sons served as priestly leaders: David was from Judah and was not a Levite. Alongside the traditional priesthood, David might have inaugurated a religious class specifically tied to his dynasty, probably to serve the royal court (see also study note on 2 Sam 20:26).
Antiguo Testamento
2 Samuel — Capítulo 8
David’s ascension to power over all the tribes of Israel was lined with violence, politics, and intrigue. David was far from a perfect king—he committed adultery, then committed murder to cover it up, and chaos ensued in his family and the nation. Yet God was eternally committed to David and his descendants. He protected David during the many challenges to his authority and mercifully forgave a…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Después de esto, aconteció que David derrotó a los filisteos y los sometió, y tomó David a Meteg-ama de mano de los filisteos.
2Derrotó también a los de Moab, y los midió con cordel, haciéndolos tender por tierra; y midió dos cordeles para hacerlos morir, y un cordel entero para preservarles la vida; y fueron los moabitas siervos de David, y pagaron tributo.
3Asimismo derrotó David a Hadad-ezer hijo de Rehob, rey de Soba, al ir este a recuperar su territorio al río Éufrates.
4Y tomó David de ellos mil setecientos hombres de a caballo, y veinte mil hombres de a pie; y desjarretó David los caballos de todos los carros, pero dejó suficientes para cien carros.
5Y vinieron los sirios de Damasco para dar ayuda a Hadad-ezer rey de Soba; y David hirió de los sirios a veintidós mil hombres.
6Puso luego David guarnición en Siria de Damasco, y los sirios fueron hechos siervos de David, sujetos a tributo. Y Jehová dio la victoria a David por dondequiera que fue.
7Y tomó David los escudos de oro que traían los siervos de Hadad-ezer, y los llevó a Jerusalén.
8Asimismo de Beta y de Berotai, ciudades de Hadad-ezer, tomó el rey David gran cantidad de bronce.
9Entonces oyendo Toi rey de Hamat, que David había derrotado a todo el ejército de Hadad-ezer,
10envió Toi a Joram su hijo al rey David, para saludarle pacíficamente y para bendecirle, porque había peleado con Hadad-ezer y lo había vencido; porque Toi era enemigo de Hadad-ezer. Y Joram llevaba en su mano utensilios de plata, de oro y de bronce;
11los cuales el rey David dedicó a Jehová, con la plata y el oro que había dedicado de todas las naciones que había sometido;
12de los sirios, de los moabitas, de los amonitas, de los filisteos, de los amalecitas, y del botín de Hadad-ezer hijo de Rehob, rey de Soba.
13Así ganó David fama. Cuando regresaba de derrotar a los sirios, destrozó a dieciocho mil edomitas en el Valle de la Sal.
14Y puso guarnición en Edom; por todo Edom puso guarnición, y todos los edomitas fueron siervos de David. Y Jehová dio la victoria a David por dondequiera que fue.
15Y reinó David sobre todo Israel; y David administraba justicia y equidad a todo su pueblo.
16Joab hijo de Sarvia era general de su ejército, y Josafat hijo de Ahilud era cronista;
17Sadoc hijo de Ahitob y Ahimelec hijo de Abiatar eran sacerdotes; Seraías era escriba;
18Benaía hijo de Joiada estaba sobre los cereteos y peleteos; y los hijos de David eran los príncipes.
TYNDALE OPEN STUDY NOTES
Versículo 1
I. 8:1-18 The expansion of David’s empire through military victories (8:1-14) and the establishment …
Versículo 2
II. 8:2 Moab was on the east side of the Dead Sea. Earlier, the people of Moab had provided David’s p…
Versículo 3
III. 8:3 Hadadezer reappears in 10:16 as David’s foe. He was either the direct son of Rehob and his su…
Versículo 4
IV. 8:4 David would have crippled . . . horses to prevent their reuse by the enemy and because kings …
Versículo 5
V. 8:5 Hadadezer’s neighbors, Arameans from Damascus, were of no help to him in repelling David. The…
Versículo 6
VI. 8:6 David established army garrisons in Aram but not in Moab (8:2), which suggests that Aram was …
Versículo 7
VII. 8:7 gold shields: See also 2 Kgs 11:10. • brought . . . to Jerusalem: In conformity with God’s st…
Versículo 9
VIII. 8:9 Hamath was northwest of Hadadezer’s Zobah.
Versículo 10
IX. 8:10 his son: King Toi dispatched the crown prince rather than another entourage on this mission …
Versículo 11
X. 8:11-12 Captured war booty and diplomatic exchanges went into God’s treasury rather than the king…
Versículo 13
XI. 8:13-14 These two verses highlight three of David’s war policies: (1) inflict heavy damage on the…
Versículo 15
XII. 8:15-18 David’s bureaucracy included (1) military officials (Joab); (2) a court historian (Jehosh…
Versículo 18
XIII. 8:18 the king’s bodyguard: Hebrew the Kerethites and Pelethites. Both peoples were probably forei…