DOOM OF EDOM FOR CRUELTY TO JUDAH, EDOM'S BROTHER; RESTORATION OF THE JEWS. (Oba. 1:1-21) Obadiah--that is, servant of Jehovah; same as Abdeel and Arabic Abd-allah. We--I and my people. heard-- (). and an ambassador i…
1Visión de Abdías. Jehová el Señor ha dicho así en cuanto a Edom: Hemos oído el pregón de Jehová, y mensajero ha sido enviado a las naciones. Levantaos, y levantémonos contra este pueblo en batalla.
2He aquí, pequeño te he hecho entre las naciones; estás abatido en gran manera.
3La soberbia de tu corazón te ha engañado, tú que moras en las hendiduras de las peñas, en tu altísima morada; que dices en tu corazón: ¿Quién me derribará a tierra?
4Si te remontares como águila, y aunque entre las estrellas pusieres tu nido, de ahí te derribaré, dice Jehová.
5Si ladrones vinieran a ti, o robadores de noche (¡cómo has sido destruido!), ¿no hurtarían lo que les bastase? Si entraran a ti vendimiadores, ¿no dejarían algún rebusco?
6¡Cómo fueron escudriñadas las cosas de Esaú! Sus tesoros escondidos fueron buscados.
7Todos tus aliados te han engañado; hasta los confines te hicieron llegar; los que estaban en paz contigo prevalecieron contra ti; los que comían tu pan pusieron lazo debajo de ti; no hay en ello entendimiento.
8¿No haré que perezcan en aquel día, dice Jehová, los sabios de Edom, y la prudencia del monte de Esaú?
9Y tus valientes, oh Temán, serán amedrentados; porque todo hombre será cortado del monte de Esaú por el estrago.
10Por la injuria a tu hermano Jacob te cubrirá vergüenza, y serás cortado para siempre.
11El día que estando tú delante, llevaban extraños cautivo su ejército, y extraños entraban por sus puertas, y echaban suertes sobre Jerusalén, tú también eras como uno de ellos.
12Pues no debiste tú haber estado mirando en el día de tu hermano, en el día de su infortunio; no debiste haberte alegrado de los hijos de Judá en el día en que se perdieron, ni debiste haberte jactado en el día de la angustia.
13No debiste haber entrado por la puerta de mi pueblo en el día de su quebrantamiento; no, no debiste haber mirado su mal en el día de su quebranto, ni haber echado mano a sus bienes en el día de su calamidad.
14Tampoco debiste haberte parado en las encrucijadas para matar a los que de ellos escapasen; ni debiste haber entregado a los que quedaban en el día de angustia.
15Porque cercano está el día de Jehová sobre todas las naciones; como tú hiciste se hará contigo; tu recompensa volverá sobre tu cabeza.
16De la manera que vosotros bebisteis en mi santo monte, beberán continuamente todas las naciones; beberán, y engullirán, y serán como si no hubieran sido.
17Mas en el monte de Sion habrá un remanente que se salve; y será santo, y la casa de Jacob recuperará sus posesiones.
18La casa de Jacob será fuego, y la casa de José será llama, y la casa de Esaú estopa, y los quemarán y los consumirán; ni aun resto quedará de la casa de Esaú, porque Jehová lo ha dicho.
19Y los del Neguev poseerán el monte de Esaú, y los de la Sefela a los filisteos; poseerán también los campos de Efraín, y los campos de Samaria; y Benjamín a Galaad.
20Y los cautivos de este ejército de los hijos de Israel poseerán lo de los cananeos hasta Sarepta; y los cautivos de Jerusalén que están en Sefarad poseerán las ciudades del Neguev.
21Y subirán salvadores al monte de Sion para juzgar al monte de Esaú; y el reino será de Jehová.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. I have made thee small--Thy reduction to insignificance is as sure as if it were already accompli…
I have made thee small--Thy reduction to insignificance is as sure as if it were already accomplished; therefore the past tense is used [MAURER]. Edom then extended from Dedan of Arabia to Bozrah in the north (, ). CALVIN explains it, "Whereas thou wast made by Me an insignificant people, why art thou so proud" ()? But if so, why should the heathen peoples be needed to subdue one so insignificant? , confirms MAURER'S view.
II
Versículo 3
II. clefts of . . . rock-- (; ). The cities of Edom, and among them Petra (Hebrew, sela, meaning "roc…
clefts of . . . rock-- (; ). The cities of Edom, and among them Petra (Hebrew, sela, meaning "rock," , Margin), the capital, in the Wady Musa, consisted of houses mostly cut in the rocks.
III
Versículo 4
III. exalt thyself--or supply from the second clause, "thy nest" [MAURER] (Compare ; ; ).
exalt thyself--or supply from the second clause, "thy nest" [MAURER] (Compare ; ; ).
set . . . nest among . . . stars--namely, on the loftiest hills which seem to reach the very stars. Edom is a type of Antichrist (; ; ).
thence will I bring thee down--in spite of thy boast (), "Who shall bring me down?"
IV
Versículo 5
IV. The spoliation which thou shalt suffer shall not be such as that which thieves cause, bad as that…
The spoliation which thou shalt suffer shall not be such as that which thieves cause, bad as that is, for these when they have seized enough, or all they can get in a hurry, leave the rest--nor such as grape-gatherers cause in a vineyard, for they, when they have gathered most of the grapes, leave gleanings behind--but it shall be utter, so as to leave thee nothing. The exclamation, "How art thou cut off!" bursting in amidst the words of the image, marks strongly excited feeling. The contrast between Edom where no gleanings shall be left, and Israel where at the worst a gleaning is left (; ), is striking.
V
Versículo 6
V. How are the things of Esau searched out!--by hostile soldiers seeking booty. Compare with here, .
How are the things of Esau searched out!--by hostile soldiers seeking booty. Compare with here, .
hidden things--or "places." Edom abounded in such hiding-places, as caves, clefts in the rock, &c. None of these would be left unexplored by the foe.
VI
Versículo 7
VI. Men of thy confederacy--that is, thy confederates.
Men of thy confederacy--that is, thy confederates.
brought thee . . . to the border--that is, when Idumean ambassadors shall go to confederate states seeking aid, these latter shall conduct them with due ceremony to their border, giving them empty compliments, but not the aid required [DRUSIUS]. This view agrees with the context, which speaks of false friends deceiving Edom: that is, failing to give help in need (compare ). CALVIN translates, "have driven," that is, shall drive thee; shall help to drive thee to thy border on thy way into captivity in foreign lands.
the men that were at peace with thee--literally, "the men of thy peace." Compare ; , Margin, where also the same formula occurs, "prevailed against thee."
they that eat thy bread--the poorer tribes of the desert who subsisted on the bounty of Edom. Compare again , which seems to have been before Obadiah's mind, as his words were before Jeremiah's.
have laid a wound under thee--"laid" implies that their intimacy was used as a SNARE laid with a view to wound; also, these guest friends of Edom, instead of the cushions ordinarily laid under guests at table, laid snares to wound, that is, had a secret understanding with Edom's foe for that purpose. MAURER translates, "a snare." But English Version agrees with the Hebrew, which means, literally, "a bandage for a wound."
none understanding--none of the wisdom for which Edom was famed (see ) to extricate him from his perilous position.
in him--instead of "in thee." The change implies the alienation of God from Edom: Edom has so estranged himself from God, that He speaks now of him, not to him.
VII
Versículo 8
VII. (; compare ; ; ).
(; compare ; ; ).
in that day . . . even destroy--Heretofore Edom, through its intercourse with Babylon and Egypt, and from its means of information through the many caravans passing to and fro between Europe and India, has been famed for knowledge; but in that day at last ("even") I will destroy its wise men.
mount of Esau--that is, Idumea, which was a mountainous region.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. cut off by slaughter--MAURER translates, "on account of the slaughter," namely, that inflicted on…
cut off by slaughter--MAURER translates, "on account of the slaughter," namely, that inflicted on Judea by Edom (compare ). The Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate connect these words with , "for the slaughter, for the violence (of which thou art guilty) against thy brother Jacob." English Version, "cut off by slaughter" (that is, an utter cutting off), answers well to "cut off for ever" (). However, the arrangement of the Septuagint gives a better parallelism in . "For the slaughter" (1) being balanced in just retribution by "thou shalt be cut off for ever" (4); as "For thy violence (not so bad as slaughter) against thy brother Jacob" (2) is balanced by "shame (not so bad as being cut off) shall cover thee" (3). Shame and extinction shall repay violence and slaughter (; ). Compare as to Edom's violence, ; ; .
IX
Versículo 10
IX. against thy brother--This aggravates the sin of Esau, that it was against him who was his brother…
against thy brother--This aggravates the sin of Esau, that it was against him who was his brother by birth and by circumcision. The posterity of Esau followed in the steps of their father's hatred to Jacob by violence against Jacob's seed ().
Jacob--not merely his own brother, but his twin brother; hence the name Jacob, not Israel, is here put emphatically. Compare for the opposite feeling which Jacob's seed was commanded to entertain towards Edom's.
shame . . . cover thee-- (; ).
for ever-- (; ; ). Idumea, as a nation, should be "cut off for ever," though the land should be again inhabited.
X
Versículo 11
X. thou stoodest on the other side--in an attitude of hostility, rather than the sympathy which beca…
thou stoodest on the other side--in an attitude of hostility, rather than the sympathy which became a brother, feasting thine eyes (see ) with the misery of Jacob, and eagerly watching for his destruction. So Messiah, the antitype to Jerusalem, abandoned by His kinsmen ().
strangers--the Philistines, Arabians in the reign of Jehoram, &c. (); the Syrians in the reign of Joash of Judah (); the Chaldeans (2Ch. 36:1-23).
carried . . . captive his forces--his "host" (): the multitude of Jerusalem's inhabitants.
cast lots upon Jerusalem-- (). So Messiah, Jerusalem's antitype, had lots cast for His only earthly possessions ().
XI
Versículo 12
XI. looked on--with malignant pleasure, and a brutal stare. So the antitypes, Messiah's foes (). MAUR…
looked on--with malignant pleasure, and a brutal stare. So the antitypes, Messiah's foes (). MAURER translates, as the Margin, "thou shouldest not look" any more. English Version agrees with the context better.
the day of thy brother--his day of calamity.
became a stranger--that is, was banished as an alien from his own land. God sends heavy calamities on those who rejoice in the calamities of their enemies (; ). Contrast the opposite conduct of David and of the divine Son of David in a like case ().
spoken proudly--literally, "made great the mouth"; proudly insulting the fallen (, Margin; compare ; ).
XII
Versículo 13
XII. substance--translated "forces" in .
substance--translated "forces" in .
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. stood in the crossway, to cut off those of his--Judah's.
stood in the crossway, to cut off those of his--Judah's.
that did escape--The Jews naturally fled by the crossways. (MAURER translates, "narrow mountain passes") well known to them, to escape to the desert, and through Edom to Egypt; but the Edomites stood ready to intercept the fugitives and either kill or "deliver them up" to the foe.
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. For--resumptive in connection with , wherein Edom was threatened with cutting off for ever.
For--resumptive in connection with , wherein Edom was threatened with cutting off for ever.
the day of the Lord--the day in which He will manifest Himself as the Righteous Punisher of the ungodly peoples (). The "all" shows that the fulfilment is not exhausted in the punishment inflicted on the surrounding nations by the instrumentality of Nebuchadnezzar; but, as in , and , that the last judgment to come on the nations confederate against Jerusalem is referred to.
as thou hast done, it shall be done unto thee--the righteous principle of retribution in kind (; ; compare ; ; ).
thy reward--the reward of thy deed (compare ).
XV
Versículo 16
XV. ye . . . upon my holy mountain--a periphrasis for, "ye Jews" [MAURER], whom Obadiah now by a sudd…
ye . . . upon my holy mountain--a periphrasis for, "ye Jews" [MAURER], whom Obadiah now by a sudden apostrophe addresses. The clause, "upon My holy mountain," expresses the reason of the vengeance to be taken on Judah's foes; namely, that Jerusalem is God's holy mountain, the seat of His temple, and Judah His covenant-people. , which is copied from Obadiah, establishes this view (compare ).
as ye have drunk, &c.--namely, the cup of wrath, being dispossessed of your goods and places as a nation, by Edom and all the heathen; so shall all the heathen (Edom included) drink the same cup (; , ; ; Jer. 25:15-33; ; ; ; ).
continually--whereas Judah's calamity shall be temporary (). The foes of Judah shall never regain their former position ().
swallow down--so as not to leave anything in the cup of calamity; not merely "drink" ().
be as though they had not been--not a trace left of their national existence (; ; ).
16
Versículo 17
16. upon . . . Zion . . . deliverance--both in the literal sense and spiritual sense (; ; ; ). MAURER…
upon . . . Zion . . . deliverance--both in the literal sense and spiritual sense (; ; ; ). MAURER as the Margin explains it, "there shall be a remnant that shall escape." Compare ; to the deliverance from Sennacherib there described GROTIUS thinks Obadiah here refers. "Jerusalem shall not be taken, and many of the neighboring peoples also shall find deliverance there." Unlike Judah's heathen foes of whom no remnant shall escape (, ), a remnant of Jews shall escape when the rest of the nation has perished, and shall regain their ancient "possessions."
there shall be holiness--that is, Zion shall be sacrosanct or inviolable: no more violated by foreign invaders (; ).
17
Versículo 18
17. fire--See the same figure, ; ; .
fire--See the same figure, ; ; .
house of Jacob . . . Joseph--that is, the two kingdoms, Judah and Ephraim or Israel [JEROME]. The two shall form one kingdom, their former feuds being laid aside (; ; ; ). The Jews returned with some of the Israelites from Babylon; and, under John Hyrcanus, so subdued and, compelling them to be circumcised, incorporated the Idumeans with themselves that they formed part of the nation [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 13.17; 12.11]. This was but an earnest of the future union of Israel and Judah in the possession of the enlarged land as one kingdom (, &c.).
stubble-- ().
18
Versículo 19
18. they of the south--The Jews who in the coming time are to occupy the south of Judea shall possess…
they of the south--The Jews who in the coming time are to occupy the south of Judea shall possess, in addition to their own territory, the adjoining mountainous region of Edom.
they of the plain--The Jews who shall occupy the low country along the Mediterranean, south and southwest of Palestine, shall possess, in addition to their own territory, the land of "the Philistines," which runs as a long strip between the hills and the sea.
and they shall possess the fields of Ephraim--that is, the rightful owners shall be restored, the Ephraimites to the fields of Ephraim.
Benjamin shall possess Gilead--that is, the region east of Jordan, occupied formerly by Reuben, Gad, and half Manasseh. Benjamin shall possess besides its own territory the adjoining territory eastward, while the two and a half tribes shall in the redistribution occupy the adjoining territory of Moab and Ammon.
19
Versículo 20
19. the captivity of this host--that is, the captives of this multitude of Israelites.
the captivity of this host--that is, the captives of this multitude of Israelites.
shall possess that of the Canaanites--MAURER translates, "the captives . . . whom the Canaanites (carried away captive into Phœnicia) even unto Zarephath, shall possess the south," namely, Idumea as well as the south (). HENDERSON, similarly, "the captives that are among the Canaanites," &c. But the corresponding clauses of the parallelism are better balanced in English Version, "the ten tribes of Israel shall possess the territory of the Canaanites," namely, Western Palestine and Phœnicia (). "And the captives of Jerusalem (and Judah) shall possess the southern cities," namely, Edom, &c. Each has the region respectively adjoining assigned to it; Israel has the western Canaanite region; Judah, the southern.
even unto Zarephath--near Zidon; called Sarepta in . The name implies it was a place for smelting metals. From this quarter came the "woman of Canaan" (). Captives of the Jews had been carried into the coasts of Palestine or Canaan, about Tyre and Zidon (; ). The Jews when restored shall possess the territory of their ancient oppressors.
in Sepharad--that is, the Bosphorus [JEROME, from his Hebrew Instructor]. Sephar, according to others (). PalÃ&brvbrography confirms JEROME. In the cuneiform inscription containing a list of the tribes of Persia [Niebuhr tab. 31.1], before Ionia and Greece, and after Cappadocia, comes the name CPaRaD. It was therefore a district of Western Asia Minor, about Lydia, and near the Bosphorus. It is made an appellative by MAURER. "The Jerusalem captives of the dispersion" (compare ), wherever they be dispersed, shall return and possess the southern cities. Sepharad, though literally the district near the Bosphorus, represents the Jews' far and wide dispersion. JEROME says the name in Assyrian means a boundary, that is, "the Jews scattered in all boundaries and regions."
20
Versículo 21
20. saviours--There will be in the kingdom yet to come no king, but a prince; the sabbatic period of …
saviours--There will be in the kingdom yet to come no king, but a prince; the sabbatic period of the judges will return (comparethe phrase so frequent in Judges, only once found in the times of the kings, , "the land had rest"), when there was no visible king, but God reigned in the theocracy. Israelites, not strangers, shall dispense justice to a God-fearing people (; Eze. 45:1-25). The judges were not such a burden to the people as the kings proved afterwards (). In their time the people more readily repented than under the kings (compare ), [ROOS]. Judges were from time to time raised up as saviours or deliverers of Israel from the enemy. These, and the similar deliverers in the long subsequent age of Antiochus, the Maccabees, who conquered the Idumeans (as here foretold, compare II Maccabees 10:15,23), were types of the peaceful period yet to come to Israel.
to judge . . . Esau--to punish (so "judge," ) . . . Edom (compare , ). Edom is the type of Israel's and God's last foes ().
kingdom shall be the Lord's--under Messiah (; , ; ; ; ; ).
Next: Jonah Introduction
Antiguo Testamento
Obadiah — Capítulo 1
DOOM OF EDOM FOR CRUELTY TO JUDAH, EDOM'S BROTHER; RESTORATION OF THE JEWS. (Oba. 1:1-21) Obadiah--that is, servant of Jehovah; same as Abdeel and Arabic Abd-allah. We--I and my people. heard-- (). and an ambassador i…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Visión de Abdías. Jehová el Señor ha dicho así en cuanto a Edom: Hemos oído el pregón de Jehová, y mensajero ha sido enviado a las naciones. Levantaos, y levantémonos contra este pueblo en batalla.
2He aquí, pequeño te he hecho entre las naciones; estás abatido en gran manera.
3La soberbia de tu corazón te ha engañado, tú que moras en las hendiduras de las peñas, en tu altísima morada; que dices en tu corazón: ¿Quién me derribará a tierra?
4Si te remontares como águila, y aunque entre las estrellas pusieres tu nido, de ahí te derribaré, dice Jehová.
5Si ladrones vinieran a ti, o robadores de noche (¡cómo has sido destruido!), ¿no hurtarían lo que les bastase? Si entraran a ti vendimiadores, ¿no dejarían algún rebusco?
6¡Cómo fueron escudriñadas las cosas de Esaú! Sus tesoros escondidos fueron buscados.
7Todos tus aliados te han engañado; hasta los confines te hicieron llegar; los que estaban en paz contigo prevalecieron contra ti; los que comían tu pan pusieron lazo debajo de ti; no hay en ello entendimiento.
8¿No haré que perezcan en aquel día, dice Jehová, los sabios de Edom, y la prudencia del monte de Esaú?
9Y tus valientes, oh Temán, serán amedrentados; porque todo hombre será cortado del monte de Esaú por el estrago.
10Por la injuria a tu hermano Jacob te cubrirá vergüenza, y serás cortado para siempre.
11El día que estando tú delante, llevaban extraños cautivo su ejército, y extraños entraban por sus puertas, y echaban suertes sobre Jerusalén, tú también eras como uno de ellos.
12Pues no debiste tú haber estado mirando en el día de tu hermano, en el día de su infortunio; no debiste haberte alegrado de los hijos de Judá en el día en que se perdieron, ni debiste haberte jactado en el día de la angustia.
13No debiste haber entrado por la puerta de mi pueblo en el día de su quebrantamiento; no, no debiste haber mirado su mal en el día de su quebranto, ni haber echado mano a sus bienes en el día de su calamidad.
14Tampoco debiste haberte parado en las encrucijadas para matar a los que de ellos escapasen; ni debiste haber entregado a los que quedaban en el día de angustia.
15Porque cercano está el día de Jehová sobre todas las naciones; como tú hiciste se hará contigo; tu recompensa volverá sobre tu cabeza.
16De la manera que vosotros bebisteis en mi santo monte, beberán continuamente todas las naciones; beberán, y engullirán, y serán como si no hubieran sido.
17Mas en el monte de Sion habrá un remanente que se salve; y será santo, y la casa de Jacob recuperará sus posesiones.
18La casa de Jacob será fuego, y la casa de José será llama, y la casa de Esaú estopa, y los quemarán y los consumirán; ni aun resto quedará de la casa de Esaú, porque Jehová lo ha dicho.
19Y los del Neguev poseerán el monte de Esaú, y los de la Sefela a los filisteos; poseerán también los campos de Efraín, y los campos de Samaria; y Benjamín a Galaad.
20Y los cautivos de este ejército de los hijos de Israel poseerán lo de los cananeos hasta Sarepta; y los cautivos de Jerusalén que están en Sefarad poseerán las ciudades del Neguev.
21Y subirán salvadores al monte de Sion para juzgar al monte de Esaú; y el reino será de Jehová.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. I have made thee small--Thy reduction to insignificance is as sure as if it were already accompli…
Versículo 3
II. clefts of . . . rock-- (; ). The cities of Edom, and among them Petra (Hebrew, sela, meaning "roc…
Versículo 4
III. exalt thyself--or supply from the second clause, "thy nest" [MAURER] (Compare ; ; ).
Versículo 5
IV. The spoliation which thou shalt suffer shall not be such as that which thieves cause, bad as that…
Versículo 6
V. How are the things of Esau searched out!--by hostile soldiers seeking booty. Compare with here, .
Versículo 7
VI. Men of thy confederacy--that is, thy confederates.
Versículo 8
VII. (; compare ; ; ).
Versículo 9
VIII. cut off by slaughter--MAURER translates, "on account of the slaughter," namely, that inflicted on…
Versículo 10
IX. against thy brother--This aggravates the sin of Esau, that it was against him who was his brother…
Versículo 11
X. thou stoodest on the other side--in an attitude of hostility, rather than the sympathy which beca…
Versículo 12
XI. looked on--with malignant pleasure, and a brutal stare. So the antitypes, Messiah's foes (). MAUR…
Versículo 13
XII. substance--translated "forces" in .
Versículo 14
XIII. stood in the crossway, to cut off those of his--Judah's.
Versículo 15
XIV. For--resumptive in connection with , wherein Edom was threatened with cutting off for ever.
Versículo 16
XV. ye . . . upon my holy mountain--a periphrasis for, "ye Jews" [MAURER], whom Obadiah now by a sudd…
Versículo 17
16. upon . . . Zion . . . deliverance--both in the literal sense and spiritual sense (; ; ; ). MAURER…
Versículo 18
17. fire--See the same figure, ; ; .
Versículo 19
18. they of the south--The Jews who in the coming time are to occupy the south of Judea shall possess…
Versículo 20
19. the captivity of this host--that is, the captives of this multitude of Israelites.
Versículo 21
20. saviours--There will be in the kingdom yet to come no king, but a prince; the sabbatic period of …