Antiguo Testamento

Numbers — Capítulo 30

VOWS ARE NOT TO BE BROKEN. (Num. 30:1-16) This is the thing which the Lord hath commanded--The subject of this chapter relates to vowing, which seems to have been an ancient usage, allowed by the law to remain, and by…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Habló Moisés a los príncipes de las tribus de los hijos de Israel, diciendo: Esto es lo que Jehová ha mandado.

2Cuando alguno hiciere voto a Jehová, o hiciere juramento ligando su alma con obligación, no quebrantará su palabra; hará conforme a todo lo que salió de su boca.

3Mas la mujer, cuando hiciere voto a Jehová, y se ligare con obligación en casa de su padre, en su juventud;

4si su padre oyere su voto, y la obligación con que ligó su alma, y su padre callare a ello, todos los votos de ella serán firmes, y toda obligación con que hubiere ligado su alma, firme será.

5Mas si su padre le vedare el día que oyere todos sus votos y sus obligaciones con que ella hubiere ligado su alma, no serán firmes; y Jehová la perdonará, por cuanto su padre se lo vedó.

6Pero si fuere casada e hiciere votos, o pronunciare de sus labios cosa con que obligue su alma;

7si su marido lo oyere, y cuando lo oyere callare a ello, los votos de ella serán firmes, y la obligación con que ligó su alma, firme será.

8Pero si cuando su marido lo oyó, le vedó, entonces el voto que ella hizo, y lo que pronunció de sus labios con que ligó su alma, será nulo; y Jehová la perdonará.

9Pero todo voto de viuda o repudiada, con que ligare su alma, será firme.

10Y si hubiere hecho voto en casa de su marido, y hubiere ligado su alma con obligación de juramento,

11si su marido oyó, y calló a ello y no le vedó, entonces todos sus votos serán firmes, y toda obligación con que hubiere ligado su alma, firme será.

12Mas si su marido los anuló el día que los oyó, todo lo que salió de sus labios cuanto a sus votos, y cuanto a la obligación de su alma, será nulo; su marido los anuló, y Jehová la perdonará.

13Todo voto, y todo juramento obligándose a afligir el alma, su marido lo confirmará, o su marido lo anulará.

14Pero si su marido callare a ello de día en día, entonces confirmó todos sus votos, y todas las obligaciones que están sobre ella; los confirmó, por cuanto calló a ello el día que lo oyó.

15Mas si los anulare después de haberlos oído, entonces él llevará el pecado de ella.

16Estas son las ordenanzas que Jehová mandó a Moisés entre el varón y su mujer, y entre el padre y su hija durante su juventud en casa de su padre.

JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY

Versículo 2

I. If a man vow a vow unto the Lord--A mere secret purpose of the mind was not enough to constitute …

If a man vow a vow unto the Lord--A mere secret purpose of the mind was not enough to constitute a vow; it had to be actually expressed in words; and though a purely voluntary act, yet when once the vow was made, the performance of it, like that of every other promise, became an indispensable duty--all the more because, referring to a sacred thing, it could not be neglected without the guilt of prevarication and unfaithfulness to God. he shall not break his word--literally, "profane his word"--render it vain and contemptible (Psa 55:20; Psa 89:34). But as it would frequently happen that parties would vow to do things which were neither good in themselves nor in their power to perform, the law ordained that their natural superiors should have the right of judging as to the propriety of those vows, with discretionary power to sanction or interdict their fulfilment. Parents were to determine in the case of their children, and husbands in that of their wives--being, however, allowed only a day for deliberation after the matter became known to them; and their judgment, if unfavorable, released the devotee from all obligation [Num 30:3-8].

Versículo 3

II. If a woman also vow a vow unto the Lord, and bind herself by a bond, being in her father's house …

If a woman also vow a vow unto the Lord, and bind herself by a bond, being in her father's house in her youth--Girls only are specified; but minors of the other sex, who resided under the parental roof, were included, according to Jewish writers, who also consider the name "father" as comprehending all guardians of youth. We are also told that the age at which young people were deemed capable of vowing was thirteen for boys and twelve for girls. The judgment of a father or guardian on the vow of any under his charge might be given either by an expressed approval or by silence, which was to be construed as approval. But in the case of a husband who, after silence from day to day, should ultimately disapprove or hinder his wife's vow, the sin of non-performance was to be imputed to him and not to her [Num 30:15].

Versículo 9

III. every vow of a widow--In the case of a married woman, who, in the event of a separation from her …

every vow of a widow--In the case of a married woman, who, in the event of a separation from her husband, or of his death, returned, as was not uncommon, to her father's house, a doubt might have been entertained whether she was not, as before, subject to paternal jurisdiction and obliged to act with the paternal consent. The law ordained that the vow was binding if it had been made in her husband's lifetime, and he, on being made aware of it, had not interposed his veto [Num 30:10-11]; as, for instance, she might have vowed, when not a widow, that she would assign a portion of her income to pious and charitable uses, of which she might repent when actually a widow; but by this statute she was required to fulfil the obligation, provided her circumstances enabled her to redeem the pledge. The rules laid down must have been exceedingly useful for the prevention or cancelling of rash vows, as well as for giving a proper sanction to such as were legitimate in their nature, and made in a devout, reflecting spirit. Next: Numbers Chapter 31

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