THE THINGS THAT BEFALL BABYLON JEHOVAH PREDICTED LONG BEFORE, LEST ISRAEL SHOULD ATTRIBUTE THEM, IN ITS "OBSTINATE" PERVERSITY, TO STRANGE GODS (Isa 48:1-5). (Isa. 48:1-22) the waters of Judah--spring from the fountai…
1Oíd esto, casa de Jacob, que os llamáis del nombre de Israel, los que salieron de las aguas de Judá, los que juran en el nombre de Jehová, y hacen memoria del Dios de Israel, mas no en verdad ni en justicia;
2porque de la santa ciudad se nombran, y en el Dios de Israel confían; su nombre es Jehová de los ejércitos.
3Lo que pasó, ya antes lo dije, y de mi boca salió; lo publiqué, lo hice pronto, y fue realidad.
4Por cuanto conozco que eres duro, y barra de hierro tu cerviz, y tu frente de bronce,
5te lo dije ya hace tiempo; antes que sucediera te lo advertí, para que no dijeras: Mi ídolo lo hizo, mis imágenes de escultura y de fundición mandaron estas cosas.
6Lo oíste, y lo viste todo; ¿y no lo anunciaréis vosotros? Ahora, pues, te he hecho oír cosas nuevas y ocultas que tú no sabías.
7Ahora han sido creadas, no en días pasados, ni antes de este día las habías oído, para que no digas: He aquí que yo lo sabía.
8Sí, nunca lo habías oído, ni nunca lo habías conocido; ciertamente no se abrió antes tu oído; porque sabía que siendo desleal habías de desobedecer, por tanto te llamé rebelde desde el vientre.
9Por amor de mi nombre diferiré mi ira, y para alabanza mía la reprimiré para no destruirte.
10He aquí te he purificado, y no como a plata; te he escogido en horno de aflicción.
11Por mí, por amor de mí mismo lo haré, para que no sea amancillado mi nombre, y mi honra no la daré a otro.
12Óyeme, Jacob, y tú, Israel, a quien llamé: Yo mismo, yo el primero, yo también el postrero.
13Mi mano fundó también la tierra, y mi mano derecha midió los cielos con el palmo; al llamarlos yo, comparecieron juntamente.
14Juntaos todos vosotros, y oíd. ¿Quién hay entre ellos que anuncie estas cosas? Aquel a quien Jehová amó ejecutará su voluntad en Babilonia, y su brazo estará sobre los caldeos.
15Yo, yo hablé, y le llamé y le traje; por tanto, será prosperado su camino.
16Acercaos a mí, oíd esto: desde el principio no hablé en secreto; desde que eso se hizo, allí estaba yo; y ahora me envió Jehová el Señor, y su Espíritu.
17Así ha dicho Jehová, Redentor tuyo, el Santo de Israel: Yo soy Jehová Dios tuyo, que te enseña provechosamente, que te encamina por el camino que debes seguir.
18¡Oh, si hubieras atendido a mis mandamientos! Fuera entonces tu paz como un río, y tu justicia como las ondas del mar.
19Fuera como la arena tu descendencia, y los renuevos de tus entrañas como los granos de arena; nunca su nombre sería cortado, ni raído de mi presencia.
20Salid de Babilonia, huid de entre los caldeos; dad nuevas de esto con voz de alegría, publicadlo, llevadlo hasta lo postrero de la tierra; decid: Redimió Jehová a Jacob su siervo.
21No tuvieron sed cuando los llevó por los desiertos; les hizo brotar agua de la piedra; abrió la peña, y corrieron las aguas.
22No hay paz para los malos, dijo Jehová.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. For--Ye deserve these reproofs; "for" ye call yourselves citizens of "the holy city" (Isa 52:1), …
For--Ye deserve these reproofs; "for" ye call yourselves citizens of "the holy city" (Isa 52:1), but not in truth (Isa 48:1; Neh 11:1; Dan 9:24); so the inscription on their coins of the time of the Maccabees. "Jerusalem the Holy."
II
Versículo 3
II. former--things which have happened in time past to Israel (Isa 42:9; Isa 44:7-8; Isa 45:21; Isa 4…
former--things which have happened in time past to Israel (Isa 42:9; Isa 44:7-8; Isa 45:21; Isa 46:10).
suddenly--They came to pass so unexpectedly that the prophecy could not have resulted from mere human sagacity.
III
Versículo 4
III. obstinate--Hebrew, "hard" (Deu 9:27; Eze 3:7, Margin).
obstinate--Hebrew, "hard" (Deu 9:27; Eze 3:7, Margin).
iron sinew--inflexible (Act 7:51).
brow brass--shameless as a harlot (see Jer 6:28; Jer 3:3; Eze 3:7, Margin).
IV
Versículo 5
IV. (See on Isa 48:1; Isa 48:3).
(See on Isa 48:1; Isa 48:3).
V
Versículo 6
V. Thou, &c.--So "ye are my witnesses" (Isa 43:10). Thou canst testify the prediction was uttered lo…
Thou, &c.--So "ye are my witnesses" (Isa 43:10). Thou canst testify the prediction was uttered long before the fulfilment: "see all this," namely, that the event answers to the prophecy.
declare--make the fact known as a proof that Jehovah alone is God (Isa 44:8).
new things--namely, the deliverance from Babylon by Cyrus, new in contradistinction from former predictions that had been fulfilled (Isa 42:9; Isa 43:19). Antitypically, the prophecy has in view the "new things" of the gospel treasury (Sol 7:13; Mat 13:52; Co2 5:17; Rev 21:5). From this point forward, the prophecies as to Messiah's first and second advents and the restoration of Israel, have a new circumstantial distinctness, such as did not characterize the previous ones, even of Isaiah. Babylon, in this view, answers to the mystical Babylon of Revelation.
hidden--which could not have been guessed by political sagacity (Dan 2:22, Dan 2:29; Co1 2:9-10).
VI
Versículo 7
VI. Not like natural results from existing causes, the events when they took place were like acts of …
Not like natural results from existing causes, the events when they took place were like acts of creative power, such as had never before been "from the beginning."
even before the day when--rather [MAURER], "And before the day (of their occurrence) thou hast not heard of them"; that is, by any human acuteness; they are only heard of by the present inspired announcement.
VII
Versículo 8
VII. heardest not--repeated, as also "knewest not," from Isa 48:7.
heardest not--repeated, as also "knewest not," from Isa 48:7.
from that time--Mine anger towards thee. Omit "that." "Yea, from "the first thine ear did not open itself," namely, to obey them [ROSENMULLER]. "To open the ear" denotes obedient attention (Isa 50:5); or, "was not opened" to receive them; that is, they were not declared by Me to thee previously, since, if thou hadst been informed of them, such is thy perversity, thou couldst not have been kept in check [MAURER]. In the former view, the sense of the words following is, "For I knew that, if I had not foretold the destruction of Babylon so plainly that there could be no perverting of it, thou wouldst have perversely ascribed it to idols, or something else than to Me" (Isa 48:5). Thus they would have relapsed into idolatry, to cure them of which the Babylonian captivity was sent: so they had done (Exo 32:4). After the return, and ever since, they have utterly forsaken idols.
wast called--as thine appropriate appellation (Isa 9:6).
from the womb--from the beginning of Israel's national existence (Isa 44:2).
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. refrain--literally, "muzzle"; His wrath, after the return, was to be restrained a while, and then…
refrain--literally, "muzzle"; His wrath, after the return, was to be restrained a while, and then, because of their sins, let loose again (Psa 78:38).
for thee--that is, that--omit "that": "From thee."
IX
Versículo 10
IX. (See on Isa 1:25).
(See on Isa 1:25).
with silver--rather, "for silver." I sought by affliction to purify thee, but thou wast not as silver obtained by melting, but as dross [GESENIUS]. Thy repentance is not complete: thou art not yet as refined silver. ROSENMULLER explains, "not as silver," not with the intense heat needed to melt silver (it being harder to melt than gold), that is, not with the most extreme severity. The former view is better (Isa 1:25; Isa 42:25; Eze 22:18-20, Eze 22:22).
chosen--or else [LOWTH], tried . . . proved: according to GESENIUS, literally, "to rub with the touchstone," or to cut in pieces so as to examine (Zac 13:9; Mal 3:3; Pe1 1:7).
X
Versículo 11
X. how should my name--MAURER, instead of "My name" from Isa 48:9, supplies "My glory" from the next…
how should my name--MAURER, instead of "My name" from Isa 48:9, supplies "My glory" from the next clause; and translates, "How (shamefully) My glory has been profaned!" In English Version the sense is, "I will refrain (Isa 48:9, that is, not utterly destroy thee), for why should I permit My name to be polluted, which it would be, if the Lord utterly destroyed His elect people" (Eze 20:9)?
not give my glory unto another--If God forsook His people for ever, the heathen would attribute their triumph over Israel to their idols; so God's glory would be given to another.
XI
Versículo 12
XI. The Almighty, who has founded heaven and earth, can, and will, restore His people.
The Almighty, who has founded heaven and earth, can, and will, restore His people.
the first . . . last-- (Isa 41:4; Isa 44:6).
XII
Versículo 13
XII. spanned--measured out (Isa 40:12).
spanned--measured out (Isa 40:12).
when I call . . . stand up together-- (Isa 40:26; Jer 33:25). But it is not their creation so much which is meant, as that, like ministers of God, the heavens and the earth are prepared at His command to execute His decrees (Psa 119:91) [ROSENMULLER].
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. among them--among the gods and astrologers of the Chaldees (Isa 41:22; Isa 43:9; Isa 44:7).
among them--among the gods and astrologers of the Chaldees (Isa 41:22; Isa 43:9; Isa 44:7).
Lord . . . loved him; he will, &c.--that is, "He whom the Lord hath loved will do," &c. [LOWTH]; namely, Cyrus (Isa 44:28; Isa 45:1, Isa 45:13; Isa 46:11). However, Jehovah's language of love is too strong to apply to Cyrus, except as type of Messiah, to whom alone it fully applies (Rev 5:2-5).
his pleasure--not Cyrus' own, but Jehovah's.
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. brought--led him on his way.
brought--led him on his way.
he--change from the first to the third person [BARNES]. Jehovah shall make his (Cyrus') way prosperous.
XV
Versículo 16
XV. not . . . in secret-- (Isa 45:19). Jehovah foretold Cyrus' advent, not with the studied ambiguity…
not . . . in secret-- (Isa 45:19). Jehovah foretold Cyrus' advent, not with the studied ambiguity of heathen oracles, but plainly.
from the time, &c.--From the moment that the purpose began to be accomplished in the raising up of Cyrus I was present.
sent me--The prophet here speaks, claiming attention to his announcement as to Cyrus, on the ground of his mission from God and His Spirit. But he speaks not in his own person so much as in that of Messiah, to whom alone in the fullest sense the words apply (Isa 61:1; Joh 10:36). Plainly, Isa 49:1, which is the continuation of the forty-eighth chapter, from Isa 48:16, where the change of speaker from God (Isa 48:1, Isa 48:12-15) begins, is the language of Messiah. Luk 4:1, Luk 4:14, Luk 4:18, shows that the Spirit combined with the Father in sending the Son: therefore "His Spirit" is nominative to "sent," not accusative, following it.
16
Versículo 17
16. teacheth . . . to profit--by affliction, such as the Babylonish captivity, and the present long-c…
teacheth . . . to profit--by affliction, such as the Babylonish captivity, and the present long-continued dispersion of Israel (Heb 12:10).
17
Versículo 18
17. peace-- (Psa 119:165). Compare the desire expressed by the same Messiah (Mat 23:37; Luk 19:42).
peace-- (Psa 119:165). Compare the desire expressed by the same Messiah (Mat 23:37; Luk 19:42).
river-- (Isa 33:21; Isa 41:18), a river flowing from God's throne is the symbol of free, abundant, and ever flowing blessings from Him (Eze 47:1; Zac 14:8; Rev 22:1).
righteousness--religious prosperity; the parent of "peace" or national prosperity; therefore "peace" corresponds to "righteousness" in the parallelism (Isa 32:17).
18
Versículo 19
18. sand--retaining the metaphor of "the sea" (Isa 48:18).
sand--retaining the metaphor of "the sea" (Isa 48:18).
like the gravel thereof--rather, as the Hebrew, "like that (the offspring) of its (the sea's) bowels"; referring to the countless living creatures, fishes, &c., of the sea, rather than the gravel [MAURER]. JEROME, Chaldee, and Syriac support English Version.
his name . . . cut off--transition from the second person, "thy," to the third "his." Israel's name was cut off "as a nation" during the Babylonish captivity; also it is so now, to which the prophecy especially looks (Rom 11:20).
19
Versículo 20
19. Go . . . forth . . . end of the earth--Primarily, a prophecy of their joyful deliverance from Bab…
Go . . . forth . . . end of the earth--Primarily, a prophecy of their joyful deliverance from Babylon, and a direction that they should leave it when God opened the way. But the publication of it "to the ends of the earth" shows it has a more world-wide scope antitypically; Rev 18:4 shows that the mystical Babylon is ultimately meant.
redeemed . . . Jacob-- (Isa 43:1; Isa 44:22-23).
20
Versículo 21
20. Ezra, in describing the return, makes no mention of God cleaving the rock for them in the desert …
Ezra, in describing the return, makes no mention of God cleaving the rock for them in the desert [KIMCHI]. The circumstances, therefore, of the deliverance from Egypt (Exo 17:6; Num 20:11; Psa 78:15; Psa 105:41) and of that from Babylon, are blended together; the language, while more immediately referring to the latter deliverance, yet, as being blended with circumstances of the former not strictly applicable to the latter, cannot wholly refer to either, but to the mystic deliverance of man under Messiah, and literally to the final restoration of Israel.
21
Versículo 22
21. Repeated (Isa 57:21). All the blessings just mentioned (Isa 48:21) belong only to the godly, not …
Repeated (Isa 57:21). All the blessings just mentioned (Isa 48:21) belong only to the godly, not to the wicked. Israel shall first cast away its wicked unbelief before it shall inherit national prosperity (Zac 12:10-14; Zac 13:1, Zac 13:9; Zac 14:3, Zac 14:14, Zac 14:20-21). The sentiment holds good also as to all wicked men (Job 15:20-25, Job 15:31-34).
Messiah, as the ideal Israel (Isa 49:3), states the object of His mission, His want of success for a time, yet His certainty of ultimate success.
Next: Isaiah Chapter 49
Antiguo Testamento
Isaiah — Capítulo 48
THE THINGS THAT BEFALL BABYLON JEHOVAH PREDICTED LONG BEFORE, LEST ISRAEL SHOULD ATTRIBUTE THEM, IN ITS "OBSTINATE" PERVERSITY, TO STRANGE GODS (Isa 48:1-5). (Isa. 48:1-22) the waters of Judah--spring from the fountai…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Oíd esto, casa de Jacob, que os llamáis del nombre de Israel, los que salieron de las aguas de Judá, los que juran en el nombre de Jehová, y hacen memoria del Dios de Israel, mas no en verdad ni en justicia;
2porque de la santa ciudad se nombran, y en el Dios de Israel confían; su nombre es Jehová de los ejércitos.
3Lo que pasó, ya antes lo dije, y de mi boca salió; lo publiqué, lo hice pronto, y fue realidad.
4Por cuanto conozco que eres duro, y barra de hierro tu cerviz, y tu frente de bronce,
5te lo dije ya hace tiempo; antes que sucediera te lo advertí, para que no dijeras: Mi ídolo lo hizo, mis imágenes de escultura y de fundición mandaron estas cosas.
6Lo oíste, y lo viste todo; ¿y no lo anunciaréis vosotros? Ahora, pues, te he hecho oír cosas nuevas y ocultas que tú no sabías.
7Ahora han sido creadas, no en días pasados, ni antes de este día las habías oído, para que no digas: He aquí que yo lo sabía.
8Sí, nunca lo habías oído, ni nunca lo habías conocido; ciertamente no se abrió antes tu oído; porque sabía que siendo desleal habías de desobedecer, por tanto te llamé rebelde desde el vientre.
9Por amor de mi nombre diferiré mi ira, y para alabanza mía la reprimiré para no destruirte.
10He aquí te he purificado, y no como a plata; te he escogido en horno de aflicción.
11Por mí, por amor de mí mismo lo haré, para que no sea amancillado mi nombre, y mi honra no la daré a otro.
12Óyeme, Jacob, y tú, Israel, a quien llamé: Yo mismo, yo el primero, yo también el postrero.
13Mi mano fundó también la tierra, y mi mano derecha midió los cielos con el palmo; al llamarlos yo, comparecieron juntamente.
14Juntaos todos vosotros, y oíd. ¿Quién hay entre ellos que anuncie estas cosas? Aquel a quien Jehová amó ejecutará su voluntad en Babilonia, y su brazo estará sobre los caldeos.
15Yo, yo hablé, y le llamé y le traje; por tanto, será prosperado su camino.
16Acercaos a mí, oíd esto: desde el principio no hablé en secreto; desde que eso se hizo, allí estaba yo; y ahora me envió Jehová el Señor, y su Espíritu.
17Así ha dicho Jehová, Redentor tuyo, el Santo de Israel: Yo soy Jehová Dios tuyo, que te enseña provechosamente, que te encamina por el camino que debes seguir.
18¡Oh, si hubieras atendido a mis mandamientos! Fuera entonces tu paz como un río, y tu justicia como las ondas del mar.
19Fuera como la arena tu descendencia, y los renuevos de tus entrañas como los granos de arena; nunca su nombre sería cortado, ni raído de mi presencia.
20Salid de Babilonia, huid de entre los caldeos; dad nuevas de esto con voz de alegría, publicadlo, llevadlo hasta lo postrero de la tierra; decid: Redimió Jehová a Jacob su siervo.
21No tuvieron sed cuando los llevó por los desiertos; les hizo brotar agua de la piedra; abrió la peña, y corrieron las aguas.
22No hay paz para los malos, dijo Jehová.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. For--Ye deserve these reproofs; "for" ye call yourselves citizens of "the holy city" (Isa 52:1), …
Versículo 3
II. former--things which have happened in time past to Israel (Isa 42:9; Isa 44:7-8; Isa 45:21; Isa 4…
Versículo 4
III. obstinate--Hebrew, "hard" (Deu 9:27; Eze 3:7, Margin).
Versículo 5
IV. (See on Isa 48:1; Isa 48:3).
Versículo 6
V. Thou, &c.--So "ye are my witnesses" (Isa 43:10). Thou canst testify the prediction was uttered lo…
Versículo 7
VI. Not like natural results from existing causes, the events when they took place were like acts of …
Versículo 8
VII. heardest not--repeated, as also "knewest not," from Isa 48:7.
Versículo 9
VIII. refrain--literally, "muzzle"; His wrath, after the return, was to be restrained a while, and then…
Versículo 10
IX. (See on Isa 1:25).
Versículo 11
X. how should my name--MAURER, instead of "My name" from Isa 48:9, supplies "My glory" from the next…
Versículo 12
XI. The Almighty, who has founded heaven and earth, can, and will, restore His people.
Versículo 13
XII. spanned--measured out (Isa 40:12).
Versículo 14
XIII. among them--among the gods and astrologers of the Chaldees (Isa 41:22; Isa 43:9; Isa 44:7).
Versículo 15
XIV. brought--led him on his way.
Versículo 16
XV. not . . . in secret-- (Isa 45:19). Jehovah foretold Cyrus' advent, not with the studied ambiguity…
Versículo 17
16. teacheth . . . to profit--by affliction, such as the Babylonish captivity, and the present long-c…
Versículo 18
17. peace-- (Psa 119:165). Compare the desire expressed by the same Messiah (Mat 23:37; Luk 19:42).
Versículo 19
18. sand--retaining the metaphor of "the sea" (Isa 48:18).
Versículo 20
19. Go . . . forth . . . end of the earth--Primarily, a prophecy of their joyful deliverance from Bab…
Versículo 21
20. Ezra, in describing the return, makes no mention of God cleaving the rock for them in the desert …
Versículo 22
21. Repeated (Isa 57:21). All the blessings just mentioned (Isa 48:21) belong only to the godly, not …