(Isa. 3:1-26) For--continuation of Isa 2:22. Lord of hosts--therefore able to do as He says. doth--present for future, so certain is the accomplishment. stay . . . staff--the same Hebrew word, the one masculine, the o…
1Porque he aquí que el Señor Jehová de los ejércitos quita de Jerusalén y de Judá al sustentador y al fuerte, todo sustento de pan y todo socorro de agua;
2el valiente y el hombre de guerra, el juez y el profeta, el adivino y el anciano;
3el capitán de cincuenta y el hombre de respeto, el consejero, el artífice excelente y el hábil orador.
4Y les pondré jóvenes por príncipes, y muchachos serán sus señores.
5Y el pueblo se hará violencia unos a otros, cada cual contra su vecino; el joven se levantará contra el anciano, y el villano contra el noble.
6Cuando alguno tomare de la mano a su hermano, de la familia de su padre, y le dijere: Tú tienes vestido, tú serás nuestro príncipe, y toma en tus manos esta ruina;
7él jurará aquel día, diciendo: No tomaré ese cuidado; porque en mi casa ni hay pan, ni qué vestir; no me hagáis príncipe del pueblo.
8Pues arruinada está Jerusalén, y Judá ha caído; porque la lengua de ellos y sus obras han sido contra Jehová para irritar los ojos de su majestad.
9La apariencia de sus rostros testifica contra ellos; porque como Sodoma publican su pecado, no lo disimulan. ¡Ay del alma de ellos! porque amontonaron mal para sí.
10Decid al justo que le irá bien, porque comerá de los frutos de sus manos.
11¡Ay del impío! Mal le irá, porque según las obras de sus manos le será pagado.
12Los opresores de mi pueblo son muchachos, y mujeres se enseñorearon de él. Pueblo mío, los que te guían te engañan, y tuercen el curso de tus caminos.
13Jehová está en pie para litigar, y está para juzgar a los pueblos.
14Jehová vendrá a juicio contra los ancianos de su pueblo y contra sus príncipes; porque vosotros habéis devorado la viña, y el despojo del pobre está en vuestras casas.
15¿Qué pensáis vosotros que majáis mi pueblo y moléis las caras de los pobres? dice el Señor, Jehová de los ejércitos.
16Asimismo dice Jehová: Por cuanto las hijas de Sion se ensoberbecen, y andan con cuello erguido y con ojos desvergonzados; cuando andan van danzando, y haciendo son con los pies;
17por tanto, el Señor raerá la cabeza de las hijas de Sion, y Jehová descubrirá sus vergüenzas.
18Aquel día quitará el Señor el atavío del calzado, las redecillas, las lunetas,
19los collares, los pendientes y los brazaletes,
20las cofias, los atavíos de las piernas, los partidores del pelo, los pomitos de olor y los zarcillos,
21los anillos, y los joyeles de las narices,
22las ropas de gala, los mantoncillos, los velos, las bolsas,
23los espejos, el lino fino, las gasas y los tocados.
24Y en lugar de los perfumes aromáticos vendrá hediondez; y cuerda en lugar de cinturón, y cabeza rapada en lugar de la compostura del cabello; en lugar de ropa de gala ceñimiento de cilicio, y quemadura en vez de hermosura.
25Tus varones caerán a espada, y tu fuerza en la guerra.
26Sus puertas se entristecerán y enlutarán, y ella, desamparada, se sentará en tierra.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. Fulfilled (Kg2 24:14).
Fulfilled (Kg2 24:14).
prudent--the Hebrew often means a "soothsayer" (Deu 18:10-14); thus it will mean, the diviners, on whom they rely, shall in that day fail. It is found in a good sense (Pro 16:10), from which passage the Jews interpret it a king; "without" whom Israel long has been (Hos 3:4).
ancient--old and experienced (Kg1 12:6-8).
II
Versículo 3
II. captain of fifty--not only captains of thousands, and centurions of a hundred, but even semi-cent…
captain of fifty--not only captains of thousands, and centurions of a hundred, but even semi-centurions of fifty, shall fail.
honourable--literally, "of dignified aspect."
cunning--skilful. The mechanic's business will come to a standstill in the siege and subsequent desolation of the state; artisans are no mean "stay" among a nation's safeguards.
eloquent orator--rather, as Vulgate, "skilled in whispering," that is, incantation (Psa 58:5). See Isa 8:19, below; and on "prudent," see on Isa 3:2.
III
Versículo 4
III. children--in ability for governing; antithesis to the "ancient" (see Isa 3:12; Ecc 10:16).
children--in ability for governing; antithesis to the "ancient" (see Isa 3:12; Ecc 10:16).
babes--in warlike might; antithesis to "the mighty" and "man of war."
IV
Versículo 5
IV. The anarchy resulting under such imbecile rulers (Isa 3:4); unjust exactions mutually; the forms …
The anarchy resulting under such imbecile rulers (Isa 3:4); unjust exactions mutually; the forms of respect violated (Lev 19:32).
base--low-born. Compare the marks of "the last days" (Ti2 3:2).
V
Versículo 6
V. Such will be the want of men of wealth and ability, that they will "take hold of" (Isa 4:1) the f…
Such will be the want of men of wealth and ability, that they will "take hold of" (Isa 4:1) the first man whom they meet, having any property, to make him "ruler."
brother--one having no better hereditary claim to be ruler than the "man" supplicating him.
Thou hast clothing--which none of us has. Changes of raiment are wealth in the East (Kg2 5:5).
ruin--Let our ruined affairs be committed to thee to retrieve.
VI
Versículo 7
VI. swear--literally, "lift up," namely, his hand; the gesture used in solemn attestation. Or, his vo…
swear--literally, "lift up," namely, his hand; the gesture used in solemn attestation. Or, his voice, that is, answer; so Vulgate.
healer--of the body politic, incurably diseased (Isa 1:6).
neither . . . clothing--so as to relieve the people and maintain a ruler's dignity. A nation's state must be bad indeed, when none among men, naturally ambitious, is willing to accept office.
VII
Versículo 8
VII. Reason given by the prophet, why all shrink from the government.
Reason given by the prophet, why all shrink from the government.
eyes of his glory--to provoke His "glorious" Majesty before His "eyes" (compare Isa 49:5; Hab 1:13). The Syriac and LOWTH, by a slight change of the Hebrew, translate, "the cloud of His glory," the Shekinah.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. show--The Hebrew means, "that which may be known by their countenances" [GESENIUS and WEISS]. But…
show--The Hebrew means, "that which may be known by their countenances" [GESENIUS and WEISS]. But MAURER translates, "Their respect for person"; so Syriac and Chaldee. But the parallel word "declare" favors the other view. KIMCHI, from the Arabic, translates "their hardness" (Job 19:3, Margin), or impudence of countenance (Jer 3:3). They have lost not only the substance of virtue, but its color.
witness--literally, "corresponds" to them; their look answers to their inner character (Hos 5:5).
declare-- (Jde 1:13). "Foaming out their own shame"; so far from making it a secret, "glorying" in it (Phi 3:19).
unto themselves--Compare "in themselves" (Pro 1:31; Pro 8:36; Jer 2:19; Rom 1:27).
IX
Versículo 10
IX. The faithlessness of many is no proof that all are faithless. Though nothing but croaking of frog…
The faithlessness of many is no proof that all are faithless. Though nothing but croaking of frogs is heard on the surface of the pool, we are not to infer there are no fish beneath [BENGEL]. (See Isa 1:19-20).
fruit of doings-- (Pro 1:31) in a good sense (Gal 6:8; Rev 22:14). Not salvation by works, but by fruit-bearing faith (Isa 45:24; Jer 23:6). GESENIUS and WEISS translate, Declare as to the righteous that, &c. MAURER, "Say that the righteous is blessed."
X
Versículo 11
X. ill--antithesis to "well" (Isa 3:10); emphatic ellipsis of the words italicized. "Ill!"
ill--antithesis to "well" (Isa 3:10); emphatic ellipsis of the words italicized. "Ill!"
hands--his conduct; "hands" being the instrument of acts (Ecc 8:12-13).
XI
Versículo 12
XI. (See Isa 3:4).
(See Isa 3:4).
oppressors--literally, "exactors," that is, exacting princes (Isa 60:17). They who ought to be protectors are exactors; as unqualified for rule as "children," as effeminate as "women." Perhaps it is also implied that they were under the influence of their harem, the women of their court.
lead--Hebrew, "call thee blessed"; namely, the false prophets, who flatter the people with promises of safety in sin; as the political "rulers" are meant in the first clause.
way of thy paths-- (Jer 6:16). The right way set forth in the law. "Destroy"--Hebrew, "Swallow up," that is, cause so utterly to disappear that not a vestige of it is left.
XII
Versículo 13
XII. standeth up--no longer sitting in silence.
standeth up--no longer sitting in silence.
plead--indignant against a wicked people (Isa 66:16; Eze 20:35).
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. ancients--Hence they are spoken of as "taken away" (Isa 3:1-2).
ancients--Hence they are spoken of as "taken away" (Isa 3:1-2).
vineyard--the Jewish theocracy (Isa 5:1-7; Psa 80:9-13).
eaten up--"burnt"; namely, by "oppressive exactions" (Isa 3:12). Type of the crowning guilt of the husbandmen in the days of Jesus Christ (Mat 21:34-41).
spoil . . . houses-- (Mat 23:14).
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. What right have ye to beat, &c. (Psa 94:5; Mic 3:2-3).
What right have ye to beat, &c. (Psa 94:5; Mic 3:2-3).
grind--by exactions, so as to leave them nothing.
faces--persons; with the additional idea of it being openly and palpably done. "Presence," equivalent to "face" (Hebrew).
XV
Versículo 16
XV. Because the daughters of Zion are haughty, &c.--Luxury had become great in Uzziah's prosperous re…
Because the daughters of Zion are haughty, &c.--Luxury had become great in Uzziah's prosperous reign (Ch2 26:5).
stretched forth--proudly elevated (Psa 75:5).
wanton--rather, "making the eyes to glance about," namely, wantonly (Pro 6:13) [MAURER]. But LOWTH, "falsely setting off the eyes with paint." Women's eyelids in the East are often colored with stibium, or powder of lead (see on Job 42:14; Jer 4:30, Margin).
mincing--tripping with short steps.
tinkling--with their ankle-rings on both feet, joined by small chains, which sound as they walk, and compel them to take short steps; sometimes little bells were attached (Isa 3:18, Isa 3:20).
16
Versículo 17
16. smite with a scab--literally, "make bald," namely, by disease.
smite with a scab--literally, "make bald," namely, by disease.
discover--cause them to suffer the greatest indignity that can befall female captives, namely to be stripped naked, and have their persons exposed (Isa 47:3; compare with Isa 20:4).
17
Versículo 18
17. bravery--the finery.
bravery--the finery.
tinkling--(See Isa 3:16).
cauls--network for the head. Or else, from an Arabic root, "little suns," answering to the "tires" or neck-ornaments, "like the moon" (Jdg 8:21). The chumarah or crescent is also worn in front of the headdress in West Asia.
18
Versículo 19
18. chains--rather, pendants, hanging about the neck, and dropping on the breast.
chains--rather, pendants, hanging about the neck, and dropping on the breast.
mufflers--veils covering the face, with apertures for the eyes, close above and loosely flowing below. The word radically means "tremulous," referring to the changing effect of the spangles on the veil.
19
Versículo 20
19. bonnets--turbans.
bonnets--turbans.
ornaments of the legs--the short stepping-chains from one foot to another, to give a measured gait; attached to the "tinkling ornaments" (Isa 3:16).
headbands--literally, "girdles."
tablets--rather, "houses of the breath," that is, smelling boxes [Vulgate].
earrings--rather, amulets suspended from the neck or ears, with magic formulÃ&brvbr inscribed; the root means to "whisper" or "conjure."
20
Versículo 21
20. nose jewels--The cartilage between the nostrils was bored to receive them; they usually hung from…
nose jewels--The cartilage between the nostrils was bored to receive them; they usually hung from the left nostril.
21
Versículo 22
21. Here begin entire articles of apparel. Those before were single ornaments.
Here begin entire articles of apparel. Those before were single ornaments.
changeable--from a root, "to put off"; not worn commonly; put on and off on special occasions. So, dress-clothes (Zac 3:4).
mantles--fuller tunics with sleeves, worn over the common one, reaching down to the feet.
wimples--that is, mufflers, or hoods. In Rut 3:15, "veils"; perhaps here, a broad cloak, or shawl, thrown over the head and body.
crisping pins--rather, money bags (Kg2 5:23).
22
Versículo 23
22. glasses--mirrors of polished metal (Exo 38:8). But the Septuagint, a transparent, gauze-like, gar…
glasses--mirrors of polished metal (Exo 38:8). But the Septuagint, a transparent, gauze-like, garment.
hoods--miters, or diadems (Isa 62:3; Zac 3:5).
veils--large enough to cover the head and person. Distinct from the smaller veils ("mufflers") above (Gen 24:65). Token of woman's subjection (Co1 11:10).
23
Versículo 24
23. stink--arising from ulcers (Zac 14:12).
stink--arising from ulcers (Zac 14:12).
girdle--to gird up the loose Eastern garments, when the person walked.
rent--the Septuagint, better, a "rope," an emblem of poverty; the poor have nothing else to gird up their clothes with.
well-set hair-- (Pe1 3:3-4).
baldness-- (Isa 3:17).
stomacher--a broad plaited girdle.
sackcloth-- (Sa2 3:31).
burning--a sunburnt countenance, owing to their hoods and veils being stripped off, while they had to work as captives under a scorching sun (Sol 1:6).
24
Versículo 25
24. Thy men--of Jerusalem.
Thy men--of Jerusalem.
25
Versículo 26
25. gates--The place of concourse personified is represented mourning for the loss of those multitude…
gates--The place of concourse personified is represented mourning for the loss of those multitudes which once frequented it.
desolate . . . sit upon . . . ground--the very figure under which Judea was represented on medals after the destruction by Titus: a female sitting under a palm tree in a posture of grief; the motto, JudÃ&brvbra capta (Job 2:13; Lam 2:10, where, as here primarily, the destruction by Nebuchadnezzar is alluded to).
that day--the calamitous period described in previous chapter.
seven--indefinite number among the Jews. So many men would be slain, that there would be very many more women than men; for example, seven women, contrary to their natural bashfulness, would sue to (equivalent to "take hold of," Isa 3:6) one man to marry them.
eat . . . own bread--foregoing the privileges, which the law (Exo 21:10) gives to wives, when a man has more than one.
reproach--of being unwedded and childless; especially felt among the Jews, who were looking for "the seed of the woman," Jesus Christ, described in Isa 4:2; Isa 54:1, Isa 54:4; Luk 1:25.
Next: Isaiah Chapter 4
Antiguo Testamento
Isaiah — Capítulo 3
(Isa. 3:1-26) For--continuation of Isa 2:22. Lord of hosts--therefore able to do as He says. doth--present for future, so certain is the accomplishment. stay . . . staff--the same Hebrew word, the one masculine, the o…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Porque he aquí que el Señor Jehová de los ejércitos quita de Jerusalén y de Judá al sustentador y al fuerte, todo sustento de pan y todo socorro de agua;
2el valiente y el hombre de guerra, el juez y el profeta, el adivino y el anciano;
3el capitán de cincuenta y el hombre de respeto, el consejero, el artífice excelente y el hábil orador.
4Y les pondré jóvenes por príncipes, y muchachos serán sus señores.
5Y el pueblo se hará violencia unos a otros, cada cual contra su vecino; el joven se levantará contra el anciano, y el villano contra el noble.
6Cuando alguno tomare de la mano a su hermano, de la familia de su padre, y le dijere: Tú tienes vestido, tú serás nuestro príncipe, y toma en tus manos esta ruina;
7él jurará aquel día, diciendo: No tomaré ese cuidado; porque en mi casa ni hay pan, ni qué vestir; no me hagáis príncipe del pueblo.
8Pues arruinada está Jerusalén, y Judá ha caído; porque la lengua de ellos y sus obras han sido contra Jehová para irritar los ojos de su majestad.
9La apariencia de sus rostros testifica contra ellos; porque como Sodoma publican su pecado, no lo disimulan. ¡Ay del alma de ellos! porque amontonaron mal para sí.
10Decid al justo que le irá bien, porque comerá de los frutos de sus manos.
11¡Ay del impío! Mal le irá, porque según las obras de sus manos le será pagado.
12Los opresores de mi pueblo son muchachos, y mujeres se enseñorearon de él. Pueblo mío, los que te guían te engañan, y tuercen el curso de tus caminos.
13Jehová está en pie para litigar, y está para juzgar a los pueblos.
14Jehová vendrá a juicio contra los ancianos de su pueblo y contra sus príncipes; porque vosotros habéis devorado la viña, y el despojo del pobre está en vuestras casas.
15¿Qué pensáis vosotros que majáis mi pueblo y moléis las caras de los pobres? dice el Señor, Jehová de los ejércitos.
16Asimismo dice Jehová: Por cuanto las hijas de Sion se ensoberbecen, y andan con cuello erguido y con ojos desvergonzados; cuando andan van danzando, y haciendo son con los pies;
17por tanto, el Señor raerá la cabeza de las hijas de Sion, y Jehová descubrirá sus vergüenzas.
18Aquel día quitará el Señor el atavío del calzado, las redecillas, las lunetas,
19los collares, los pendientes y los brazaletes,
20las cofias, los atavíos de las piernas, los partidores del pelo, los pomitos de olor y los zarcillos,
21los anillos, y los joyeles de las narices,
22las ropas de gala, los mantoncillos, los velos, las bolsas,
23los espejos, el lino fino, las gasas y los tocados.
24Y en lugar de los perfumes aromáticos vendrá hediondez; y cuerda en lugar de cinturón, y cabeza rapada en lugar de la compostura del cabello; en lugar de ropa de gala ceñimiento de cilicio, y quemadura en vez de hermosura.
25Tus varones caerán a espada, y tu fuerza en la guerra.
26Sus puertas se entristecerán y enlutarán, y ella, desamparada, se sentará en tierra.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. Fulfilled (Kg2 24:14).
Versículo 3
II. captain of fifty--not only captains of thousands, and centurions of a hundred, but even semi-cent…
Versículo 4
III. children--in ability for governing; antithesis to the "ancient" (see Isa 3:12; Ecc 10:16).
Versículo 5
IV. The anarchy resulting under such imbecile rulers (Isa 3:4); unjust exactions mutually; the forms …
Versículo 6
V. Such will be the want of men of wealth and ability, that they will "take hold of" (Isa 4:1) the f…
Versículo 7
VI. swear--literally, "lift up," namely, his hand; the gesture used in solemn attestation. Or, his vo…
Versículo 8
VII. Reason given by the prophet, why all shrink from the government.
Versículo 9
VIII. show--The Hebrew means, "that which may be known by their countenances" [GESENIUS and WEISS]. But…
Versículo 10
IX. The faithlessness of many is no proof that all are faithless. Though nothing but croaking of frog…
Versículo 11
X. ill--antithesis to "well" (Isa 3:10); emphatic ellipsis of the words italicized. "Ill!"
Versículo 12
XI. (See Isa 3:4).
Versículo 13
XII. standeth up--no longer sitting in silence.
Versículo 14
XIII. ancients--Hence they are spoken of as "taken away" (Isa 3:1-2).
Versículo 15
XIV. What right have ye to beat, &c. (Psa 94:5; Mic 3:2-3).
Versículo 16
XV. Because the daughters of Zion are haughty, &c.--Luxury had become great in Uzziah's prosperous re…
Versículo 17
16. smite with a scab--literally, "make bald," namely, by disease.
Versículo 18
17. bravery--the finery.
Versículo 19
18. chains--rather, pendants, hanging about the neck, and dropping on the breast.
Versículo 20
19. bonnets--turbans.
Versículo 21
20. nose jewels--The cartilage between the nostrils was bored to receive them; they usually hung from…
Versículo 22
21. Here begin entire articles of apparel. Those before were single ornaments.
Versículo 23
22. glasses--mirrors of polished metal (Exo 38:8). But the Septuagint, a transparent, gauze-like, gar…
Versículo 24
23. stink--arising from ulcers (Zac 14:12).
Versículo 25
24. Thy men--of Jerusalem.
Versículo 26
25. gates--The place of concourse personified is represented mourning for the loss of those multitude…