THE VISION OF DRY BONES REVIVIFIED, SYMBOLIZING ISRAEL'S DEATH AND RESURRECTION. (Eze. 37:1-28) carried . . . in the spirit--The matters transacted, therefore, were not literal, but in vision. the valley--probably tha…
1La mano de Jehová vino sobre mí, y me llevó en el Espíritu de Jehová, y me puso en medio de un valle que estaba lleno de huesos.
2Y me hizo pasar cerca de ellos por todo en derredor; y he aquí que eran muchísimos sobre la faz del campo, y por cierto secos en gran manera.
3Y me dijo: Hijo de hombre, ¿vivirán estos huesos? Y dije: Señor Jehová, tú lo sabes.
4Me dijo entonces: Profetiza sobre estos huesos, y diles: Huesos secos, oíd palabra de Jehová.
5Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor a estos huesos: He aquí, yo hago entrar espíritu en vosotros, y viviréis.
6Y pondré tendones sobre vosotros, y haré subir sobre vosotros carne, y os cubriré de piel, y pondré en vosotros espíritu, y viviréis; y sabréis que yo soy Jehová.
7Profeticé, pues, como me fue mandado; y hubo un ruido mientras yo profetizaba, y he aquí un temblor; y los huesos se juntaron cada hueso con su hueso.
8Y miré, y he aquí tendones sobre ellos, y la carne subió, y la piel cubrió por encima de ellos; pero no había en ellos espíritu.
9Y me dijo: Profetiza al espíritu, profetiza, hijo de hombre, y di al espíritu: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: Espíritu, ven de los cuatro vientos, y sopla sobre estos muertos, y vivirán.
10Y profeticé como me había mandado, y entró espíritu en ellos, y vivieron, y estuvieron sobre sus pies; un ejército grande en extremo.
11Me dijo luego: Hijo de hombre, todos estos huesos son la casa de Israel. He aquí, ellos dicen: Nuestros huesos se secaron, y pereció nuestra esperanza, y somos del todo destruidos.
12Por tanto, profetiza, y diles: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: He aquí yo abro vuestros sepulcros, pueblo mío, y os haré subir de vuestras sepulturas, y os traeré a la tierra de Israel.
13Y sabréis que yo soy Jehová, cuando abra vuestros sepulcros, y os saque de vuestras sepulturas, pueblo mío.
14Y pondré mi Espíritu en vosotros, y viviréis, y os haré reposar sobre vuestra tierra; y sabréis que yo Jehová hablé, y lo hice, dice Jehová.
15Vino a mí palabra de Jehová, diciendo:
16Hijo de hombre, toma ahora un palo, y escribe en él: Para Judá, y para los hijos de Israel sus compañeros. Toma después otro palo, y escribe en él: Para José, palo de Efraín, y para toda la casa de Israel sus compañeros.
17Júntalos luego el uno con el otro, para que sean uno solo, y serán uno solo en tu mano.
18Y cuando te pregunten los hijos de tu pueblo, diciendo: ¿No nos enseñarás qué te propones con eso?,
19diles: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: He aquí, yo tomo el palo de José que está en la mano de Efraín, y a las tribus de Israel sus compañeros, y los pondré con el palo de Judá, y los haré un solo palo, y serán uno en mi mano.
20Y los palos sobre los que escribas estarán en tu mano delante de sus ojos,
21y les dirás: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: He aquí, yo tomo a los hijos de Israel de entre las naciones a las cuales fueron, y los recogeré de todas partes, y los traeré a su tierra;
22y los haré una nación en la tierra, en los montes de Israel, y un rey será a todos ellos por rey; y nunca más serán dos naciones, ni nunca más serán divididos en dos reinos.
23Ni se contaminarán ya más con sus ídolos, con sus abominaciones y con todas sus rebeliones; y los salvaré de todas sus rebeliones con las cuales pecaron, y los limpiaré; y me serán por pueblo, y yo a ellos por Dios.
24Mi siervo David será rey sobre ellos, y todos ellos tendrán un solo pastor; y andarán en mis preceptos, y mis estatutos guardarán, y los pondrán por obra.
25Habitarán en la tierra que di a mi siervo Jacob, en la cual habitaron vuestros padres; en ella habitarán ellos, sus hijos y los hijos de sus hijos para siempre; y mi siervo David será príncipe de ellos para siempre.
26Y haré con ellos pacto de paz, pacto perpetuo será con ellos; y los estableceré y los multiplicaré, y pondré mi santuario entre ellos para siempre.
27Estará en medio de ellos mi tabernáculo, y seré a ellos por Dios, y ellos me serán por pueblo.
28Y sabrán las naciones que yo Jehová santifico a Israel, estando mi santuario en medio de ellos para siempre.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. dry--bleached by long exposure to the atmosphere.
dry--bleached by long exposure to the atmosphere.
II
Versículo 3
II. can these bones live? . . . thou knowest--implying that, humanly speaking, they could not; but fa…
can these bones live? . . . thou knowest--implying that, humanly speaking, they could not; but faith leaves the question of possibility to rest with God, with whom nothing is impossible (Deu 32:39). An image of Christian faith which believes in the coming general resurrection of the dead, in spite of all appearances against it, because God has said it (Joh 5:21; Rom 4:17; Co2 1:9).
III
Versículo 4
III. Prophesy--Proclaim God's quickening word to them. On account of this innate power of the divine w…
Prophesy--Proclaim God's quickening word to them. On account of this innate power of the divine word to effect its end, prophets are said to do that which they prophesy as about to be done (Jer 1:10).
IV
Versículo 5
IV. I . . . cause breath to enter into you--So Isa 26:19, containing the same vision, refers primaril…
I . . . cause breath to enter into you--So Isa 26:19, containing the same vision, refers primarily to Israel's restoration. Compare as to God's renovation of the earth and all its creatures hereafter by His breath, Psa 104:30.
ye shall live--come to life again.
V
Versículo 6
V. ye shall know that I am the Lord--by the actual proof of My divinity which I will give in revivin…
ye shall know that I am the Lord--by the actual proof of My divinity which I will give in reviving Israel.
VI
Versículo 7
VI. noise--of the bones when coming in mutual collision. Perhaps referring to the decree of Cyrus, or…
noise--of the bones when coming in mutual collision. Perhaps referring to the decree of Cyrus, or the noise of the Jews' exultation at their deliverance and return.
bones came together--literally, "ye bones came together"; as in Jer 49:11 (Hebrew), "ye widows of thine shall trust in Me." The second person puts the scene vividly before one's eyes, for the whole resurrection scene is a prophecy in action to render more palpably to the people the prophecy in word (Eze 37:21).
VII
Versículo 8
VII. So far, they were only cohering in order as unsightly skeletons. The next step, that of covering …
So far, they were only cohering in order as unsightly skeletons. The next step, that of covering them successively with sinews, skin, and flesh, gives them beauty; but still "no breath" of life in them. This may imply that Israel hereafter, as at the restoration from Babylon was the case in part, shall return to Judea unconverted at first (Zac 13:8-9). Spiritually: a man may assume all the semblances of spiritual life, yet have none, and so be dead before God.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. wind--rather, the spirit of life or life-breath (Margin). For it is distinct from "the four winds…
wind--rather, the spirit of life or life-breath (Margin). For it is distinct from "the four winds" from which it is summoned.
from the four winds--implying that Israel is to be gathered from the four quarters of the earth (Isa 43:5-6; Jer 31:8), even as they were "scattered into all the winds" (Eze 5:10; Eze 12:14; Eze 17:21; compare Rev 7:1, Rev 7:4).
IX
Versículo 10
IX. Such honor God gives to the divine word, even in the mouth of a man. How much more when in the mo…
Such honor God gives to the divine word, even in the mouth of a man. How much more when in the mouth of the Son of God! (Joh 5:25-29). Though this chapter does not directly prove the resurrection of the dead, it does so indirectly; for it takes for granted the future fact as one recognized by believing Jews, and so made the image of their national restoration (so Isa 25:8; Isa 26:19; Dan 12:2; Hos 6:2; Hos 13:14; compare Note, see on Eze 37:12).
X
Versículo 11
X. Our bones are dried-- (Psa 141:7), explained by "our hope is lost" (Isa 49:14); our national stat…
Our bones are dried-- (Psa 141:7), explained by "our hope is lost" (Isa 49:14); our national state is as hopeless of resuscitation, as marrowless bones are of reanimation.
cut off for our parts--that is, so far as we are concerned. There is nothing in us to give hope, like a withered branch "cut off" from a tree, or a limb from the body.
XI
Versículo 12
XI. my people--in antithesis to "for our parts" (Eze 37:11). The hope that is utterly gone, if lookin…
my people--in antithesis to "for our parts" (Eze 37:11). The hope that is utterly gone, if looking at themselves, is sure for them in God, because He regards them as His people. Their covenant relation to God ensures His not letting death permanently reign over them. Christ makes the same principle the ground on which the literal resurrection rests. God had said, "I am the God of Abraham," &c.; God, by taking the patriarchs as His, undertook to do for them all that Omnipotence can perform: He, being the ever living God, is necessarily the God of, not dead, but living persons, that is, of those whose bodies His covenant love binds Him to raise again. He can--and because He can--He will--He must [FAIRBAIRN]. He calls them "My people" when receiving them into favor; but "thy people," in addressing His servant, as if He would put them away from Him (Eze 13:17; Eze 33:2; Exo 32:7).
out of your graves--out of your politically dead state, primarily in Babylon, finally hereafter in all lands (compare Eze 6:8; Hos 13:14). The Jews regarded the lands of their captivity and dispersion as their "graves"; their restoration was to be as "life from the dead" (Rom 11:15). Before, the bones were in the open plain (Eze 37:1-2); now, in the graves, that is, some of the Jews were in the graves of actual captivity, others at large but dispersed. Both alike were nationally dead.
XII
Versículo 16
XII. stick--alluding to Num 17:2, the tribal rod. The union of the two rods was a prophecy in action o…
stick--alluding to Num 17:2, the tribal rod. The union of the two rods was a prophecy in action of the brotherly union which is to reunite the ten tribes and Judah. As their severance under Jeroboam was fraught with the greatest evil to the covenant-people, so the first result of both being joined by the spirit of life to God is that they become joined to one another under the one covenant King, Messiah-David.
Judah, and . . . children of Israel his companions--that is, Judah and, besides Benjamin and Levi, those who had joined themselves to him of Ephraim, Manasseh, Simeon, Asher, Zebulun, Issachar, as having the temple and lawful priesthood in his borders (Ch2 11:12-13, Ch2 11:16; Ch2 15:9; Ch2 30:11, Ch2 30:18). The latter became identified with Judah after the carrying away of the ten tribes, and returned with Judah from Babylon, and so shall be associated with that tribe at the future restoration.
For Joseph, the stick of Ephraim--Ephraim's posterity took the lead, not only of the other descendants of Joseph (compare Eze 37:19), but of the ten tribes of Israel. For four hundred years, during the period of the judges, with Manasseh and Benjamin, its dependent tribes, it had formerly taken the lead: Shiloh was its religious capital; Shechem, its civil capital. God had transferred the birthright from Reuben (for dishonoring his father's bed) to Joseph, whose representative, Ephraim, though the younger, was made (Gen 48:19; Ch1 5:1). From its pre-eminence "Israel" is attached to it as "companions." The "all" in this case, not in that of Judah, which has only attached as "companions" the children of Israel" (that is, some of them, namely, those who followed the fortunes of Judah), implies that the bulk of the ten tribes did not return at the restoration from Babylon, but are distinct from Judah, until the coming union with it at the restoration.
XIII
Versículo 18
XIII. God does not explain the symbolical prophecy until the Jews have been stimulated by the type to c…
God does not explain the symbolical prophecy until the Jews have been stimulated by the type to consult the prophet.
XIV
Versículo 19
XIV. The union effected at the restoration from Babylon embraced but comparatively few of Israel; a fu…
The union effected at the restoration from Babylon embraced but comparatively few of Israel; a future complete fulfilment must therefore be looked for.
stick of Joseph . . . in the hand of Ephraim--Ephraim, of the descendants of Joseph, had exercised the rule among the ten tribes: that rule, symbolized by the "stick," was now to be withdrawn from him, and to be made one with the other, Judah's rule, in God's hand.
them--the "stick of Joseph," would strictly require "it"; but Ezekiel expresses the sense, namely, the ten tribes who were subject to it.
with him--that is, Judah; or "it," that is, the stick of Judah.
XV
Versículo 22
XV. one nation-- (Isa 11:13; Jer 3:18; Hos 1:11).
one nation-- (Isa 11:13; Jer 3:18; Hos 1:11).
one king--not Zerubbabel, who was not a king either in fact or name, and who ruled over but a few Jews, and that only for a few years; whereas the King here reigns for ever. MESSIAH is meant (Eze 34:23-24). The union of Judah and Israel under King Messiah symbolizes the union of Jews and Gentiles under Him, partly now, perfectly hereafter (Eze 37:24; Joh 10:16).
16
Versículo 23
16. (Eze 36:25).
(Eze 36:25).
out of . . . their dwelling-places-- (Eze 36:28, Eze 36:33). I will remove them from the scene of their idolatries to dwell in their own land, and to serve idols no more.
17
Versículo 24
17. David--Messiah (See on Eze 34:23-24).
David--Messiah (See on Eze 34:23-24).
18
Versículo 25
18. for ever-- (Isa 60:21; Joe 3:20; Amo 9:15).
for ever-- (Isa 60:21; Joe 3:20; Amo 9:15).
19
Versículo 26
19. covenant of peace--better than the old legal covenant, because an unchangeable covenant of grace …
covenant of peace--better than the old legal covenant, because an unchangeable covenant of grace (Eze 34:25; Isa 55:3; Jer 32:40).
I will place them--set them in an established position; no longer unsettled as heretofore.
my sanctuary--the temple of God; spiritual in the heart of all true followers of Messiah (Co2 6:16); and, in some "literal" sense, in the restored Israel (Eze. 40:1-44:31).
20
Versículo 27
20. My tabernacle . . . with them--as foretold (Gen 9:27); Joh 1:14, "The Word . . . dwelt among us" …
My tabernacle . . . with them--as foretold (Gen 9:27); Joh 1:14, "The Word . . . dwelt among us" (literally, "tabernacled"); first, in humiliation; hereafter, in manifested glory (Rev 21:3).
21
Versículo 28
21. (Eze 36:23).
(Eze 36:23).
sanctify Israel--set it apart as holy unto Myself and inviolable (Exo 19:5-6).
The objections to a literal interpretation of the prophecy are--(1) The ideal nature of the name Gog, which is the root of Magog, the only kindred name found in Scripture or history. (2) The nations congregated are selected from places most distant from Israel, and from one another, and therefore most unlikely to act in concert (Persians and Libyans, &c.). (3) The whole spoil of Israel could not have given a handful to a tithe of their number, or maintained the myriads of invaders a single day (Eze 38:12-13). (4) The wood of their invaders' weapons was to serve for fuel to Israel for seven years! And all Israel were to take seven months in burying the dead! Supposing a million of Israelites to bury each two corpses a day, the aggregate buried in the hundred eighty working days of the seven months would be three hundred sixty millions of corpses! Then the pestilential vapors from such masses of victims before they were all buried! What Israelite could live in such an atmosphere? (5) The scene of the Lord's controversy here is different from that in Isa 34:6, Edom, which creates a discrepancy. (But probably a different judgment is alluded to). (6) The gross carnality of the representation of God's dealings with His adversaries is inconsistent with Messianic times. It therefore requires a non-literal interpretation. The prophetical delineations of the divine principles of government are thrown into the familiar forms of Old Testament relations. The final triumph of Messiah's truth over the most distant and barbarous nations is represented as a literal conflict on a gigantic scale, Israel being the battlefield, ending in the complete triumph of Israel's anointed King, the Saviour of the world. It is a prophetical parable [FAIRBAIRN]. However, though the details are not literal, the distinctiveness in this picture, characterizing also parallel descriptions in writers less ideally picturesque than Ezekiel, gives probability to a more definite and generally literal interpretation. The awful desolations caused in Judea by Antiochus Epiphanes, of Syria (1 Maccabees; and PORPHYRY, quoted by JEROME on Ezekiel), his defilement of Jehovah's temple by sacrificing swine and sprinkling the altar with the broth, and setting up the altar of Jupiter Olympius, seem to be an earnest of the final desolations to be caused by Antichrist in Israel, previous to His overthrow by the Lord Himself, coming to reign (compare Dan. 8:10-26; Dan 11:21-45; Dan 12:1; Zac 13:9; Zac 14:2-3). GROTIUS explains Gog as a name taken from Gyges, king of Lydia; and Magog as Syria, in which was a city called Magag [PLINY, 5.28]. What Ezekiel stated more generally, Rev 20:7-9 states more definitely as to the anti-Christian confederacy which is to assail the beloved city.
Next: Ezekiel Chapter 38
Antiguo Testamento
Ezekiel — Capítulo 37
THE VISION OF DRY BONES REVIVIFIED, SYMBOLIZING ISRAEL'S DEATH AND RESURRECTION. (Eze. 37:1-28) carried . . . in the spirit--The matters transacted, therefore, were not literal, but in vision. the valley--probably tha…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1La mano de Jehová vino sobre mí, y me llevó en el Espíritu de Jehová, y me puso en medio de un valle que estaba lleno de huesos.
2Y me hizo pasar cerca de ellos por todo en derredor; y he aquí que eran muchísimos sobre la faz del campo, y por cierto secos en gran manera.
3Y me dijo: Hijo de hombre, ¿vivirán estos huesos? Y dije: Señor Jehová, tú lo sabes.
4Me dijo entonces: Profetiza sobre estos huesos, y diles: Huesos secos, oíd palabra de Jehová.
5Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor a estos huesos: He aquí, yo hago entrar espíritu en vosotros, y viviréis.
6Y pondré tendones sobre vosotros, y haré subir sobre vosotros carne, y os cubriré de piel, y pondré en vosotros espíritu, y viviréis; y sabréis que yo soy Jehová.
7Profeticé, pues, como me fue mandado; y hubo un ruido mientras yo profetizaba, y he aquí un temblor; y los huesos se juntaron cada hueso con su hueso.
8Y miré, y he aquí tendones sobre ellos, y la carne subió, y la piel cubrió por encima de ellos; pero no había en ellos espíritu.
9Y me dijo: Profetiza al espíritu, profetiza, hijo de hombre, y di al espíritu: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: Espíritu, ven de los cuatro vientos, y sopla sobre estos muertos, y vivirán.
10Y profeticé como me había mandado, y entró espíritu en ellos, y vivieron, y estuvieron sobre sus pies; un ejército grande en extremo.
11Me dijo luego: Hijo de hombre, todos estos huesos son la casa de Israel. He aquí, ellos dicen: Nuestros huesos se secaron, y pereció nuestra esperanza, y somos del todo destruidos.
12Por tanto, profetiza, y diles: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: He aquí yo abro vuestros sepulcros, pueblo mío, y os haré subir de vuestras sepulturas, y os traeré a la tierra de Israel.
13Y sabréis que yo soy Jehová, cuando abra vuestros sepulcros, y os saque de vuestras sepulturas, pueblo mío.
14Y pondré mi Espíritu en vosotros, y viviréis, y os haré reposar sobre vuestra tierra; y sabréis que yo Jehová hablé, y lo hice, dice Jehová.
15Vino a mí palabra de Jehová, diciendo:
16Hijo de hombre, toma ahora un palo, y escribe en él: Para Judá, y para los hijos de Israel sus compañeros. Toma después otro palo, y escribe en él: Para José, palo de Efraín, y para toda la casa de Israel sus compañeros.
17Júntalos luego el uno con el otro, para que sean uno solo, y serán uno solo en tu mano.
18Y cuando te pregunten los hijos de tu pueblo, diciendo: ¿No nos enseñarás qué te propones con eso?,
19diles: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: He aquí, yo tomo el palo de José que está en la mano de Efraín, y a las tribus de Israel sus compañeros, y los pondré con el palo de Judá, y los haré un solo palo, y serán uno en mi mano.
20Y los palos sobre los que escribas estarán en tu mano delante de sus ojos,
21y les dirás: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: He aquí, yo tomo a los hijos de Israel de entre las naciones a las cuales fueron, y los recogeré de todas partes, y los traeré a su tierra;
22y los haré una nación en la tierra, en los montes de Israel, y un rey será a todos ellos por rey; y nunca más serán dos naciones, ni nunca más serán divididos en dos reinos.
23Ni se contaminarán ya más con sus ídolos, con sus abominaciones y con todas sus rebeliones; y los salvaré de todas sus rebeliones con las cuales pecaron, y los limpiaré; y me serán por pueblo, y yo a ellos por Dios.
24Mi siervo David será rey sobre ellos, y todos ellos tendrán un solo pastor; y andarán en mis preceptos, y mis estatutos guardarán, y los pondrán por obra.
25Habitarán en la tierra que di a mi siervo Jacob, en la cual habitaron vuestros padres; en ella habitarán ellos, sus hijos y los hijos de sus hijos para siempre; y mi siervo David será príncipe de ellos para siempre.
26Y haré con ellos pacto de paz, pacto perpetuo será con ellos; y los estableceré y los multiplicaré, y pondré mi santuario entre ellos para siempre.
27Estará en medio de ellos mi tabernáculo, y seré a ellos por Dios, y ellos me serán por pueblo.
28Y sabrán las naciones que yo Jehová santifico a Israel, estando mi santuario en medio de ellos para siempre.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. dry--bleached by long exposure to the atmosphere.
Versículo 3
II. can these bones live? . . . thou knowest--implying that, humanly speaking, they could not; but fa…
Versículo 4
III. Prophesy--Proclaim God's quickening word to them. On account of this innate power of the divine w…
Versículo 5
IV. I . . . cause breath to enter into you--So Isa 26:19, containing the same vision, refers primaril…
Versículo 6
V. ye shall know that I am the Lord--by the actual proof of My divinity which I will give in revivin…
Versículo 7
VI. noise--of the bones when coming in mutual collision. Perhaps referring to the decree of Cyrus, or…
Versículo 8
VII. So far, they were only cohering in order as unsightly skeletons. The next step, that of covering …
Versículo 9
VIII. wind--rather, the spirit of life or life-breath (Margin). For it is distinct from "the four winds…
Versículo 10
IX. Such honor God gives to the divine word, even in the mouth of a man. How much more when in the mo…
Versículo 11
X. Our bones are dried-- (Psa 141:7), explained by "our hope is lost" (Isa 49:14); our national stat…
Versículo 12
XI. my people--in antithesis to "for our parts" (Eze 37:11). The hope that is utterly gone, if lookin…
Versículo 16
XII. stick--alluding to Num 17:2, the tribal rod. The union of the two rods was a prophecy in action o…
Versículo 18
XIII. God does not explain the symbolical prophecy until the Jews have been stimulated by the type to c…
Versículo 19
XIV. The union effected at the restoration from Babylon embraced but comparatively few of Israel; a fu…
Versículo 22
XV. one nation-- (Isa 11:13; Jer 3:18; Hos 1:11).
Versículo 23
16. (Eze 36:25).
Versículo 24
17. David--Messiah (See on Eze 34:23-24).
Versículo 25
18. for ever-- (Isa 60:21; Joe 3:20; Amo 9:15).
Versículo 26
19. covenant of peace--better than the old legal covenant, because an unchangeable covenant of grace …
Versículo 27
20. My tabernacle . . . with them--as foretold (Gen 9:27); Joh 1:14, "The Word . . . dwelt among us" …
Versículo 28
21. (Eze 36:23).