PAUL, ACCUSED BY A PROFESSIONAL PLEADER BEFORE FELIX, MAKES HIS DEFENSE, AND IS REMANDED FOR A FURTHER HEARING. AT A PRIVATE INTERVIEW FELIX TREMBLES UNDER PAUL'S PREACHING, BUT KEEPS HIM PRISONER FOR TWO YEARS, WHEN …
1Cinco días después, descendió el sumo sacerdote Ananías con algunos de los ancianos y un cierto orador llamado Tértulo, y comparecieron ante el gobernador contra Pablo.
2Y cuando este fue llamado, Tértulo comenzó a acusarle, diciendo: Como debido a ti gozamos de gran paz, y muchas cosas son bien gobernadas en el pueblo por tu prudencia,
3oh excelentísimo Félix, lo recibimos en todo tiempo y en todo lugar con toda gratitud.
4Pero por no molestarte más largamente, te ruego que nos oigas brevemente conforme a tu equidad.
5Porque hemos hallado que este hombre es una plaga, y promotor de sediciones entre todos los judíos por todo el mundo, y cabecilla de la secta de los nazarenos.
6Intentó también profanar el templo; y prendiéndole, quisimos juzgarle conforme a nuestra ley.
7Pero interviniendo el tribuno Lisias, con gran violencia le quitó de nuestras manos,
8mandando a sus acusadores que viniesen a ti. Tú mismo, pues, al juzgarle, podrás informarte de todas estas cosas de que le acusamos.
9Los judíos también confirmaban, diciendo ser así todo.
10Habiéndole hecho señal el gobernador a Pablo para que hablase, este respondió: Porque sé que desde hace muchos años eres juez de esta nación, con buen ánimo haré mi defensa.
11Como tú puedes cerciorarte, no hace más de doce días que subí a adorar a Jerusalén;
12y no me hallaron disputando con ninguno, ni amotinando a la multitud; ni en el templo, ni en las sinagogas ni en la ciudad;
13ni te pueden probar las cosas de que ahora me acusan.
14Pero esto te confieso, que según el Camino que ellos llaman herejía, así sirvo al Dios de mis padres, creyendo todas las cosas que en la ley y en los profetas están escritas;
15teniendo esperanza en Dios, la cual ellos también abrigan, de que ha de haber resurrección de los muertos, así de justos como de injustos.
16Y por esto procuro tener siempre una conciencia sin ofensa ante Dios y ante los hombres.
17Pero pasados algunos años, vine a hacer limosnas a mi nación y presentar ofrendas.
18Estaba en ello, cuando unos judíos de Asia me hallaron purificado en el templo, no con multitud ni con alboroto.
19Ellos debieran comparecer ante ti y acusarme, si contra mí tienen algo.
20O digan estos mismos si hallaron en mí alguna cosa mal hecha, cuando comparecí ante el concilio,
21a no ser que estando entre ellos prorrumpí en alta voz: Acerca de la resurrección de los muertos soy juzgado hoy por vosotros.
22Entonces Félix, oídas estas cosas, estando bien informado de este Camino, les aplazó, diciendo: Cuando descendiere el tribuno Lisias, acabaré de conocer de vuestro asunto.
23Y mandó al centurión que se custodiase a Pablo, pero que se le concediese alguna libertad, y que no impidiese a ninguno de los suyos servirle o venir a él.
24Algunos días después, viniendo Félix con Drusila su mujer, que era judía, llamó a Pablo, y le oyó acerca de la fe en Jesucristo.
25Pero al disertar Pablo acerca de la justicia, del dominio propio y del juicio venidero, Félix se espantó, y dijo: Ahora vete; pero cuando tenga oportunidad te llamaré.
26Esperaba también con esto, que Pablo le diera dinero para que le soltase; por lo cual muchas veces lo hacía venir y hablaba con él.
27Pero al cabo de dos años recibió Félix por sucesor a Porcio Festo; y queriendo Félix congraciarse con los judíos, dejó preso a Pablo.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. Seeing that by thee we enjoy great quietness, &c.--In this fulsome flattery there was a semblance…
Seeing that by thee we enjoy great quietness, &c.--In this fulsome flattery there was a semblance of truth: nothing more. Felix acted with a degree of vigor and success in suppressing lawless violence [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 20.8.4; confirmed by TACITUS, Annals, 12.54].
by thy providence--a phrase applied to the administration of the emperors.
II
Versículo 5
II. a pestilent fellow--a plague, or pest.
a pestilent fellow--a plague, or pest.
and a mover of sedition among all the Jews--by exciting disturbances among them.
throughout the world--(See on Luk 2:1). This was the first charge; and true only in the sense explained on Act 16:20.
a ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes--the second charge; and true enough.
III
Versículo 6
III. hath gone about--attempted.
hath gone about--attempted.
to profane the temple--the third charge; and entirely false.
we . . . would have judged according to our law.
IV
Versículo 7
IV. But . . . Lysias came upon us, and with great violence took him out of our hands--a wilful falseh…
But . . . Lysias came upon us, and with great violence took him out of our hands--a wilful falsehood and calumnious charge against a public officer. He had commanded the Sanhedrim to meet for no other purpose than to "judge him according to their law"; and only when, instead of doing so, they fell to disputing among themselves, and the prisoner was in danger of being "pulled in pieces of them" (Act 23:10) --or as his own letter says "killed of them" (Act 23:27) --did he rescue him, as was his duty, "by force" out of their hands.
V
Versículo 8
V. Commanding his accusers to come unto thee--Here they insinuate that, instead of troubling Felix w…
Commanding his accusers to come unto thee--Here they insinuate that, instead of troubling Felix with the case, he ought to have left it to be dealt with by the Jewish tribunal; in which case his life would soon have been taken.
by examining whom--Lysias, as would seem (Act 24:22).
thyself mayest, &c.--referring all, as if with confidence, to Felix.
VI
Versículo 9
VI. the Jews assented, &c.--See on Act 23:15.
the Jews assented, &c.--See on Act 23:15.
VII
Versículo 10
VII. thou hast been many years a judge to this nation--He had been in this province for six or seven y…
thou hast been many years a judge to this nation--He had been in this province for six or seven years, and in Galilee for a longer period. Paul uses no flattery, but simply expresses his satisfaction at having to plead before one whose long official experience of Jewish matters would enable him the better to understand and appreciate what he had to say.
VIII
Versículo 11
VIII. thou mayest understand--canst easily learn.
thou mayest understand--canst easily learn.
that there are yet but twelve days since I went up to Jerusalem--namely, 1. The day of his arrival in Jerusalem (Act 21:15-17); 2. The interview with James (Act 21:18-26); 3. The assumption of the vow (Act 21:26); 4, 5, 6. Continuance of the vow, interrupted by the arrest (Act 21:27, &c.); 7. Arrest of Paul (Act 21:27); 8. Paul before the Sanhedrim (Act 22:30; Act 23:1-10); 9. Conspiracy of the Jews and defeat of it (Act 23:12-24), and despatch of Paul from Jerusalem on the evening of the same day (Act 23:23, Act 23:31); 10, 11, 12, 13. The remaining period referred to (Act 24:1) [MEYER]. This short period is mentioned to show how unlikely it was that he should have had time to do what was charged against him.
for to worship--a very different purpose from that imputed to him.
IX
Versículo 12
IX. they neither found me . . . Neither can they prove the things, &c.--After specifying several part…
they neither found me . . . Neither can they prove the things, &c.--After specifying several particulars, he challenges proof of any one of the charges brought against him. So much for the charge of sedition.
X
Versículo 14
X. But this I confess to thee--in which Felix would see no crime.
But this I confess to thee--in which Felix would see no crime.
that after the way they call heresy--literally, and better, "a sect."
so worship I the God of my fathers--the ancestral God. Two arguments are contained here: (1) Our nation is divided into what they call sects--the sect of the Pharisees, and that of the Sadducees--all the difference between them and me is, that I belong to neither of these, but to another sect, or religious section of the nation, which from its Head they call Nazarenes: for this reason, and this alone, am I hated. (2) The Roman law allows every nation to worship its own deities; I claim protection under that law, worshipping the God of my ancestors, even as they, only of a different sect of the common religion.
believing all, &c.--Here, disowning all opinions at variance with the Old Testament Scriptures, he challenges for the Gospel which he preached the authority of the God of their fathers. So much for the charge of heresy.
XI
Versículo 15
XI. And have hope . . . as they themselves . . . allow, that there shall be a resurrection, &c.--This…
And have hope . . . as they themselves . . . allow, that there shall be a resurrection, &c.--This appeal to the faith of his accusers shows that they were chiefly of the Pharisees, and that the favor of that party, to which he owed in some measure his safety at the recent council (Act 23:6-9), had been quite momentary.
XII
Versículo 16
XII. And herein--On this account, accordingly; that is, looking forward to that awful day (compare Co2…
And herein--On this account, accordingly; that is, looking forward to that awful day (compare Co2 5:10).
I exercise myself--The "I" here is emphatic; "Whatever they do, this is my study."
to have always a conscience void of offence, &c.--See Act 23:1; Co2 1:12; Co2 2:17, &c.; that is, "These are the great principles of my life and conduct--how different from turbulence and sectarianism!"
XIII
Versículo 17
XIII. Now after many--several
Now after many--several
years absence from Jerusalem--I came to bring alms to my of Macedonia and Greece, which he had taken such pains to gather. This only allusion in the Acts to what is dwelt upon so frequently in his own Epistles (Rom 15:25-26; Co1 16:1-4; Co2 8:1-4), throws a beautiful light on the truth of this History. (See PALEY'S HorÃ&brvbr PaulinÃ&brvbr).
and offerings--connected with his Jewish vow: see Act 24:18.
XIV
Versículo 18
XIV. found me purified in the temple--not polluting it, therefore, by my own presence, and neither gat…
found me purified in the temple--not polluting it, therefore, by my own presence, and neither gathering a crowd nor raising a stir: If then these Asiatic Jews have any charge to bring against me in justification of their arrest of me, why are they not here to substantiate it?
XV
Versículo 20
XV. Or else let these . . . here say--"Or, passing from all that preceded my trial, let those of the …
Or else let these . . . here say--"Or, passing from all that preceded my trial, let those of the Sanhedrim here present say if I was guilty of aught there." No doubt his hasty speech to the high priest might occur to them, but the provocation to it on his own part was more than they would be willing to recall.
16
Versículo 21
16. Except . . . this one voice . . . Touching the resurrection, &c.--This would recall to the Pharis…
Except . . . this one voice . . . Touching the resurrection, &c.--This would recall to the Pharisees present their own inconsistency, in befriending him then and now accusing him.
17
Versículo 22
17. having more perfect knowledge of that--"the"
having more perfect knowledge of that--"the"
way--(See on Act 19:23; and Act 24:14).
When Lysias . . . shall come . . . I will how, &c.--Felix might have dismissed the case as a tissue of unsupported charges. But if from his interest in the matter he really wished to have the presence of Lysias and others involved, a brief delay was not unworthy of him as a judge. Certainly, so far as recorded, neither Lysias nor any other parties appeared again in the case. Act 24:23, however, seems to show that at that time his prepossessions in favor of Paul were strong.
18
Versículo 24
18. Felix . . . with his wife Drusilla . . . a Jewess--This beautiful but infamous woman was the thir…
Felix . . . with his wife Drusilla . . . a Jewess--This beautiful but infamous woman was the third daughter of Herod Agrippa I, who was eaten of worms (see on Act 12:1), and a sister of Agrippa II, before whom Paul pleaded, Act 26:1, &c. She was "given in marriage to Azizus, king of the Emesenes, who had consented to be circumcised for the sake of the alliance. But this marriage was soon dissolved, after this manner: When Festus was procurator of Judea, he saw her, and being captivated with her beauty, persuaded her to desert her husband, transgress the laws of her country, and marry himself" [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 20.7.1,2]. Such was this "wife" of Felix.
he sent for Paul and heard him concerning the faith in Christ--Perceiving from what he had heard on the trial that the new sect which was creating such a stir was represented by its own advocates as but a particular development of the Jewish faith, he probably wished to gratify the curiosity of his Jewish wife, as well as his own, by a more particular account of it from this distinguished champion. And no doubt Paul would so far humor this desire as to present to them the great leading features of the Gospel. But from Act 24:25 it is evident that his discourse took an entirely practical turn, suited to the life which his two auditors were notoriously leading.
19
Versículo 25
19. And as he reasoned of righteousness--with reference to the public character of Felix.
And as he reasoned of righteousness--with reference to the public character of Felix.
temperance--with reference to his immoral life.
and judgment to come--when he would be called to an awful account for both.
Felix trembled--and no wonder. For, on the testimony of TACITUS, the Roman Annalist [Annals, 9; 12.54], he ruled with a mixture of cruelty, lust, and servility, and relying on the influence of his brother Pallas at court, he thought himself at liberty to commit every sort of crime with impunity. How noble the fidelity and courage which dared to treat of such topics in such a presence, and what withering power must have been in those appeals which made even a Felix to tremble!
Go thy way for this time; and when I have a convenient season I will call for thee--Alas for Felix! This was his golden opportunity, but--like multitudes still--he missed it. Convenient seasons in abundance he found to call for Paul, but never again to "hear him concerning the faith in Christ," and writhe under the terrors of the wrath to come. Even in those moments of terror he had no thought of submission to the Cross or a change of life. The Word discerned the thoughts and intents of his heart, but that heart even then clung to its idols; even as Herod, who "did many things and heard John gladly," but in his best moments was enslaved to his lusts. How many Felixes have appeared from age to age!
20
Versículo 26
20. He hoped . . . that money should have been given him . . . wherefore he sent for him the oftener,…
He hoped . . . that money should have been given him . . . wherefore he sent for him the oftener, and communed with him--Bribery in a judge was punishable by the Roman law, but the spirit of a slave (to use the words of TACITUS) was in all his acts, and his communing with Paul"--as if he cared for either him or his message--simply added hypocrisy to meanness. The position in life of Paul's Christian visitors might beget the hope of extracting something from them for the release of their champion; but the apostle would rather lie in prison than stoop to this!
21
Versículo 27
21. after two years--What a trial to this burning missionary of Christ, to suffer such a tedious peri…
after two years--What a trial to this burning missionary of Christ, to suffer such a tedious period of inaction! How mysterious it would seem! But this repose would be medicine to his spirit; he would not, and could not, be entirely inactive, so long as he was able by pen and message to communicate with the churches; and he would doubtless learn the salutary truth that even he was not essential to his Master's cause. That Luke wrote his Gospel during this period, under the apostle's superintendence, is the not unlikely conjecture of able critics.
Porcius Festus--Little is known of him. He died a few years after this [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 20.8.9-9.1].
came into Felix' room--He was recalled, on accusations against him by the Jews of CÃ&brvbrsarea, and only acquitted through the intercession of his brother at court [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 20.8,10].
Felix, willing to show the Jews a pleasure--"to earn the thanks of the Jews," which he did not.
left Paul bound-- (Act 26:29) --which does not seem to have been till then.
Next: Acts Chapter 25
Nuevo Testamento
Acts — Capítulo 24
PAUL, ACCUSED BY A PROFESSIONAL PLEADER BEFORE FELIX, MAKES HIS DEFENSE, AND IS REMANDED FOR A FURTHER HEARING. AT A PRIVATE INTERVIEW FELIX TREMBLES UNDER PAUL'S PREACHING, BUT KEEPS HIM PRISONER FOR TWO YEARS, WHEN …
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Cinco días después, descendió el sumo sacerdote Ananías con algunos de los ancianos y un cierto orador llamado Tértulo, y comparecieron ante el gobernador contra Pablo.
2Y cuando este fue llamado, Tértulo comenzó a acusarle, diciendo: Como debido a ti gozamos de gran paz, y muchas cosas son bien gobernadas en el pueblo por tu prudencia,
3oh excelentísimo Félix, lo recibimos en todo tiempo y en todo lugar con toda gratitud.
4Pero por no molestarte más largamente, te ruego que nos oigas brevemente conforme a tu equidad.
5Porque hemos hallado que este hombre es una plaga, y promotor de sediciones entre todos los judíos por todo el mundo, y cabecilla de la secta de los nazarenos.
6Intentó también profanar el templo; y prendiéndole, quisimos juzgarle conforme a nuestra ley.
7Pero interviniendo el tribuno Lisias, con gran violencia le quitó de nuestras manos,
8mandando a sus acusadores que viniesen a ti. Tú mismo, pues, al juzgarle, podrás informarte de todas estas cosas de que le acusamos.
9Los judíos también confirmaban, diciendo ser así todo.
10Habiéndole hecho señal el gobernador a Pablo para que hablase, este respondió: Porque sé que desde hace muchos años eres juez de esta nación, con buen ánimo haré mi defensa.
11Como tú puedes cerciorarte, no hace más de doce días que subí a adorar a Jerusalén;
12y no me hallaron disputando con ninguno, ni amotinando a la multitud; ni en el templo, ni en las sinagogas ni en la ciudad;
13ni te pueden probar las cosas de que ahora me acusan.
14Pero esto te confieso, que según el Camino que ellos llaman herejía, así sirvo al Dios de mis padres, creyendo todas las cosas que en la ley y en los profetas están escritas;
15teniendo esperanza en Dios, la cual ellos también abrigan, de que ha de haber resurrección de los muertos, así de justos como de injustos.
16Y por esto procuro tener siempre una conciencia sin ofensa ante Dios y ante los hombres.
17Pero pasados algunos años, vine a hacer limosnas a mi nación y presentar ofrendas.
18Estaba en ello, cuando unos judíos de Asia me hallaron purificado en el templo, no con multitud ni con alboroto.
19Ellos debieran comparecer ante ti y acusarme, si contra mí tienen algo.
20O digan estos mismos si hallaron en mí alguna cosa mal hecha, cuando comparecí ante el concilio,
21a no ser que estando entre ellos prorrumpí en alta voz: Acerca de la resurrección de los muertos soy juzgado hoy por vosotros.
22Entonces Félix, oídas estas cosas, estando bien informado de este Camino, les aplazó, diciendo: Cuando descendiere el tribuno Lisias, acabaré de conocer de vuestro asunto.
23Y mandó al centurión que se custodiase a Pablo, pero que se le concediese alguna libertad, y que no impidiese a ninguno de los suyos servirle o venir a él.
24Algunos días después, viniendo Félix con Drusila su mujer, que era judía, llamó a Pablo, y le oyó acerca de la fe en Jesucristo.
25Pero al disertar Pablo acerca de la justicia, del dominio propio y del juicio venidero, Félix se espantó, y dijo: Ahora vete; pero cuando tenga oportunidad te llamaré.
26Esperaba también con esto, que Pablo le diera dinero para que le soltase; por lo cual muchas veces lo hacía venir y hablaba con él.
27Pero al cabo de dos años recibió Félix por sucesor a Porcio Festo; y queriendo Félix congraciarse con los judíos, dejó preso a Pablo.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. Seeing that by thee we enjoy great quietness, &c.--In this fulsome flattery there was a semblance…
Versículo 5
II. a pestilent fellow--a plague, or pest.
Versículo 6
III. hath gone about--attempted.
Versículo 7
IV. But . . . Lysias came upon us, and with great violence took him out of our hands--a wilful falseh…
Versículo 8
V. Commanding his accusers to come unto thee--Here they insinuate that, instead of troubling Felix w…
Versículo 9
VI. the Jews assented, &c.--See on Act 23:15.
Versículo 10
VII. thou hast been many years a judge to this nation--He had been in this province for six or seven y…
Versículo 11
VIII. thou mayest understand--canst easily learn.
Versículo 12
IX. they neither found me . . . Neither can they prove the things, &c.--After specifying several part…
Versículo 14
X. But this I confess to thee--in which Felix would see no crime.
Versículo 15
XI. And have hope . . . as they themselves . . . allow, that there shall be a resurrection, &c.--This…
Versículo 16
XII. And herein--On this account, accordingly; that is, looking forward to that awful day (compare Co2…
Versículo 17
XIII. Now after many--several
Versículo 18
XIV. found me purified in the temple--not polluting it, therefore, by my own presence, and neither gat…
Versículo 20
XV. Or else let these . . . here say--"Or, passing from all that preceded my trial, let those of the …
Versículo 21
16. Except . . . this one voice . . . Touching the resurrection, &c.--This would recall to the Pharis…
Versículo 22
17. having more perfect knowledge of that--"the"
Versículo 24
18. Felix . . . with his wife Drusilla . . . a Jewess--This beautiful but infamous woman was the thir…
Versículo 25
19. And as he reasoned of righteousness--with reference to the public character of Felix.
Versículo 26
20. He hoped . . . that money should have been given him . . . wherefore he sent for him the oftener,…
Versículo 27
21. after two years--What a trial to this burning missionary of Christ, to suffer such a tedious peri…