FALSE TEACHERS TO ARISE: THEM BAD PRACTICES AND SURE DESTRUCTION, FROM WHICH THE GODLY SHALL BE DELIVERED, AS LOT WAS. (2Pe. 2:1-22) But--in contrast to the prophets "moved by the Holy Ghost" (Pe2 1:21). also--as well…
1Pero hubo también falsos profetas entre el pueblo, como habrá entre vosotros falsos maestros, que introducirán encubiertamente herejías destructoras, y aun negarán al Señor que los rescató, atrayendo sobre sí mismos destrucción repentina.
2Y muchos seguirán sus disoluciones, por causa de los cuales el camino de la verdad será blasfemado,
3y por avaricia harán mercadería de vosotros con palabras fingidas. Sobre los tales ya de largo tiempo la condenación no se tarda, y su perdición no se duerme.
4Porque si Dios no perdonó a los ángeles que pecaron, sino que arrojándolos al infierno los entregó a prisiones de oscuridad, para ser reservados al juicio;
5y si no perdonó al mundo antiguo, sino que guardó a Noé, pregonero de justicia, con otras siete personas, trayendo el diluvio sobre el mundo de los impíos;
6y si condenó por destrucción a las ciudades de Sodoma y de Gomorra, reduciéndolas a ceniza y poniéndolas de ejemplo a los que habían de vivir impíamente,
7y libró al justo Lot, abrumado por la nefanda conducta de los malvados
8(porque este justo, que moraba entre ellos, afligía cada día su alma justa, viendo y oyendo los hechos inicuos de ellos),
9sabe el Señor librar de tentación a los piadosos, y reservar a los injustos para ser castigados en el día del juicio;
10y mayormente a aquellos que, siguiendo la carne, andan en concupiscencia e inmundicia, y desprecian el señorío. Atrevidos y contumaces, no temen decir mal de las potestades superiores,
11mientras que los ángeles, que son mayores en fuerza y en potencia, no pronuncian juicio de maldición contra ellas delante del Señor.
12Pero estos, hablando mal de cosas que no entienden, como animales irracionales, nacidos para presa y destrucción, perecerán en su propia perdición,
13recibiendo el galardón de su injusticia, ya que tienen por delicia el gozar de deleites cada día. Estos son inmundicias y manchas, quienes aun mientras comen con vosotros, se recrean en sus errores.
14Tienen los ojos llenos de adulterio, no se sacian de pecar, seducen a las almas inconstantes, tienen el corazón habituado a la codicia, y son hijos de maldición.
15Han dejado el camino recto, y se han extraviado siguiendo el camino de Balaam hijo de Beor, el cual amó el premio de la maldad,
16y fue reprendido por su iniquidad; pues una muda bestia de carga, hablando con voz de hombre, refrenó la locura del profeta.
17Estos son fuentes sin agua, y nubes empujadas por la tormenta; para los cuales la más densa oscuridad está reservada para siempre.
18Pues hablando palabras infladas y vanas, seducen con concupiscencias de la carne y disoluciones a los que verdaderamente habían huido de los que viven en error.
19Les prometen libertad, y son ellos mismos esclavos de corrupción. Porque el que es vencido por alguno es hecho esclavo del que lo venció.
20Ciertamente, si habiéndose ellos escapado de las contaminaciones del mundo, por el conocimiento del Señor y Salvador Jesucristo, enredándose otra vez en ellas son vencidos, su postrer estado viene a ser peor que el primero.
21Porque mejor les hubiera sido no haber conocido el camino de la justicia, que después de haberlo conocido, volverse atrás del santo mandamiento que les fue dado.
22Pero les ha acontecido lo del verdadero proverbio: El perro vuelve a su vómito, y la puerca lavada a revolcarse en el cieno.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 2
I. follow--out: so the Greek.
follow--out: so the Greek.
pernicious ways--The oldest manuscripts and Vulgate read, "licentiousness" (Jde 1:4). False doctrine and immoral practice generally go together (Pe2 2:18-19).
by reason of whom--"on account of whom," namely, the followers of the false teachers.
the way of truth shall be evil spoken of--"blasphemed" by those without, who shall lay on Christianity itself the blame of its professors' evil practice. Contrast Pe1 2:12.
II
Versículo 3
II. through, &c.--Greek, "IN covetousness" as their element (Pe2 2:14, end). Contrast Co2 11:20; Co2 …
through, &c.--Greek, "IN covetousness" as their element (Pe2 2:14, end). Contrast Co2 11:20; Co2 12:17.
of a long time--in God's eternal purpose. "Before of old ordained to condemnation" (Jde 1:4).
lingereth not--though sinners think it lingers; "is not idle."
damnation--Greek, "destruction" (see on Pe2 2:1). Personified.
slumbereth not--though sinners slumber.
III
Versículo 4
III. if--The apodosis or consequent member of the sentence is not expressed, but is virtually containe…
if--The apodosis or consequent member of the sentence is not expressed, but is virtually contained in Pe2 2:9. If God in past time has punished the ungodly and saved His people, He will be sure to do so also in our days (compare end of Pe2 2:3).
angels--the highest of intelligent creatures (compare with this verse, Jde 1:6), yet not spared when they sinned.
hell--Greek, "Tartarus": nowhere else in New Testament or the Septuagint: equivalent to the usual Greek, "Gehenna." Not inconsistent with Pe1 5:8; for though their final doom is hell, yet for a time they are permitted to roam beyond it in "the darkness of this world." Slaves of Tartarus (called "the abyss," or "deep," Luk 8:31; "the bottomless pit," Rev 9:11) may also come upon earth. Step by step they are given to Tartarus, until at last they shall be wholly bound to it.
delivered--as the judge delivers the condemned prisoner to the officers (Rev 20:2).
into chains-- (Jde 1:6). The oldest manuscripts read, "dens," as ALFORD translates: the Greek, however, may, in Hellenistic Greek, mean "chains," as Jude expresses it. They are "reserved" unto hell's "mist of darkness" as their final "judgment" or doom, and meanwhile their exclusion from the light of heaven is begun. So the ungodly were considered as virtually "in prison," though at large on the earth, from the moment that God's sentence went forth, though not executed till one hundred twenty years after.
IV
Versículo 5
IV. eighth--that is, Noah, and seven others. Contrasted with the densely peopled "world of the ungodly."
eighth--that is, Noah, and seven others. Contrasted with the densely peopled "world of the ungodly."
preacher--not only "righteous" himself (compare Pe2 2:8), but also "a preacher of righteousness": adduced by Peter against the licentiousness of the false teachers (Pe2 2:2) who have no prospect before them but destruction, even as it overtook the ungodly world in Noah's days.
V
Versículo 6
V. with, &c.--"TO overthrow" [ALFORD].
with, &c.--"TO overthrow" [ALFORD].
ensample--"of (the fate that should befall) those who in after-time should live ungodly." Compare Jde 1:7, "set forth for an example."
VI
Versículo 7
VI. just--righteous.
just--righteous.
filthy conversation--literally, "behavior in licentiousness" (Gen 19:5).
the wicked--Greek, "lawless": who set at defiance the laws of nature, as well as man and God. The Lord reminds us of Lot's faithfulness, but not of his sin in the cave: so in Rahab's case.
VII
Versículo 8
VII. vexed--Greek, "tormented."
vexed--Greek, "tormented."
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. knoweth how--He is at no loss for means, even when men see no escape.
knoweth how--He is at no loss for means, even when men see no escape.
out of--not actually from.
temptations--trials.
to be punished--Greek, "being punished": as the fallen angels (Pe2 2:4), actually under sentence, and awaiting its final execution. Sin is already its own penalty; hell will be its full development.
IX
Versículo 10
IX. chiefly--They especially will be punished (Jde 1:8).
chiefly--They especially will be punished (Jde 1:8).
after--following after.
lust of uncleanness--defilement: "hankering after polluting and unlawful use of the flesh" [ALFORD].
government--Greek, "lordship," "dominion" (Jde 1:8).
Presumptuous--Greek, "Darers." Self-will begets presumption. Presumptuously daring.
are not afraid--though they are so insignificant in might; Greek, "tremble not" (Jde 1:8, end).
speak evil of--Greek, "blaspheme."
dignities--Greek, "glories."
X
Versículo 11
X. which are--though they are.
which are--though they are.
greater--than these blasphemers. Jude instances Michael (Jde 1:9).
railing accusation--Greek, "blaspheming judgment" (Jde 1:9).
against them--against "dignities," as for instance, the fallen angels: once exalted, and still retaining traces of their former power and glory.
before the Lord--In the presence of the Lord, the Judge, in reverence, they abstain from judgment [BENGEL]. Judgment belongs to God, not the angels. How great is the dignity of the saints who, as Christ's assessors, shall hereafter judge angels! Meanwhile, railing judgments, though spoken with truth, against dignities, as being uttered irreverently, are of the nature of "blasphemies" (Greek, Co1 4:4-5). If superior angels dare not, as being in the presence of God, the Judge, speak evil even of the bad angels, how awful the presumption of those who speak evil blasphemously of good "dignities." Sa2 16:7-8, Shimei; Num 16:2-3, Korah, &c., referred to also in Jde 1:11; Num 12:8, "Were ye (Aaron and Miriam) not afraid to speak evil of My servant Moses?" The angels who sinned still retain the indelible impress of majesty. Satan is still "a strong man": "prince of this world"; and under him are "principalities, powers, rulers of the darkness of this world." We are to avoid irreverence in regard to them, not on their account, but on account of God. A warning to those who use Satan's name irreverently and in blasphemy. "When the ungodly curseth Satan, he curseth his own soul."
XI
Versículo 12
XI. (Jde 1:19).
(Jde 1:19).
But--In contrast to the "angels," Pe2 2:11.
brute--Greek, "irrational." In contrast to angels that "excel in strength."
beasts--Greek, "animals" (compare Psa 49:20).
natural--transposed in the oldest manuscripts, "born natural," that is, born naturally so: being in their very nature (that is, naturally) as such (irrational animals), born to be taken and destroyed (Greek, "unto capture and destruction," or corruption, see on Gal 6:8; compare end of this verse, "shall perish," literally, "shall be corrupted," in their own corruption. Jde 1:10, naturally . . . corrupt themselves," and so destroy themselves; for one and the same Greek word expresses corruption, the seed, and destruction, the developed fruit).
speak evil of--Greek, "in the case of things which they understand not." Compare the same presumption, the parent of subsequent Gnostic error, producing an opposite, though kindred, error, the worshipping of good angels": Col 2:18, "intruding into those things which he hath not seen."
XII
Versículo 13
XII. receive--"shall carry off as their due."
receive--"shall carry off as their due."
reward of--that is, for their "unrighteousness" [ALFORD]. Perhaps it is implied, unrighteousness shall be its own reward or punishment. "Wages of unrighteousness" (Pe2 2:15) has a different sense, namely, the earthly gain to be gotten by "unrighteousness."
in the daytime--Translate as Greek, "counting the luxury which is in the daytime (not restricted to night, as ordinary revelling. Or as Vulgate and CALVIN, "the luxury which is but for a day": so Heb 11:25, "the pleasures of sin for a season"; and Heb 12:16, Esau) to be pleasure," that is, to be their chief good and highest enjoyment.
Spots--in themselves.
blemishes--disgraces: bringing blame (so the Greek) on the Church and on Christianity itself.
sporting themselves--Greek, "luxuriating."
with--Greek, "in."
deceivings--or else passively, "deceits": luxuries gotten by deceit. Compare Mat 13:22, "Deceitfulness of riches"; Eph 4:22, "Deceitful lusts." While deceiving others, they are deceived themselves. Compare with English Version, Phi 3:19, "Whose glory is in their shame." "Their own" stands in opposition to "you": "While partaking of the love-feast (compare Jde 1:12) with you," they are at the same time "luxuriating in their own deceivings," or "deceits" (to which latter clause answers Jde 1:12, end: Peter presents the positive side, "they luxuriate in their own deceivings"; Jude, the negative, "feeding themselves without fear"). But several of the oldest manuscripts, Vulgate, Syriac, and Sahidic Versions read (as Jude), "In their own love-feasts": "their own" will then imply that they pervert the love-feasts so as to make them subserve their own self-indulgent purposes.
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. full of adultery--literally, "full of an adulteress," as though they carried about adulteresses a…
full of adultery--literally, "full of an adulteress," as though they carried about adulteresses always dwelling in their eyes: the eye being the avenue of lust [HORNEIUS]. BENGEL makes the adulteress who fills their eyes, to be "alluring desire."
that cannot cease--"that cannot be made to cease from sin."
beguiling--"laying baits for."
unstable--not firmly established in faith and piety.
heart--not only the eyes, which are the channel, but the heart, the fountain head of lust. Job 31:7, "Mine heart walked after mine eyes."
covetous practices--The oldest manuscripts read singular, "covetousness."
cursed children--rather as Greek, "children of curse," that is, devoted to the curse. Cursing and covetousness, as in Balaam's case, often go together: the curse he designed for Israel fell on Israel's foes and on himself. True believers bless, and curse not, and so are blessed.
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. have--Some of the seducers are spoken of as already come, others as yet to come.
have--Some of the seducers are spoken of as already come, others as yet to come.
following--out: so the Greek.
the way-- (Num 22:23, Num 22:32; Isa 56:11).
son of Bosor--the same as Beor (Num 22:5). This word was adopted, perhaps, because the kindred word Basar means flesh; and Balaam is justly termed son of carnality, as covetous, and the enticer of Israel to lust.
loved the wages of unrighteousness--and therefore wished (in order to gain them from Balak) to curse Israel whom God had blessed, and at last gave the hellish counsel that the only way to bring God's curse on Israel was to entice them to fleshly lust and idolatry, which often go together.
XV
Versículo 16
XV. was rebuked--Greek, "had a rebuke," or conviction; an exposure of his specious wickedness on his …
was rebuked--Greek, "had a rebuke," or conviction; an exposure of his specious wickedness on his being tested (the root verb of the Greek noun means to "convict on testing").
his--Greek, "his own": his own beast convicted him of his own iniquity.
ass--literally, "beast of burden"; the ass was the ordinary animal used in riding in Palestine.
dumb--Greek, "voiceless-speaking in man's voice"; marking the marvellous nature of the miracle.
forbade--literally, "hindered." It was not the words of the ass (for it merely deprecated his beating it), but the miraculous fact of its speaking at all, which withstood Balaam's perversity in desiring to go after God had forbidden him in the first instance. Thus indirectly the ass, and directly the angel, rebuked his worse than asinine obstinacy; the ass turned aside at the sight of the angel, but Balaam, after God had plainly said, Thou shalt not go, persevered in wishing to go for gain; thus the ass, in act, forbade his madness. How awful a contrast--a dumb beast forbidding an inspired prophet!
16
Versículo 17
16. (Jde 1:12-13.)
(Jde 1:12-13.)
wells--"clouds" in Jude; both promising (compare Pe2 2:19) water, but yielding none; so their "great swelling words" are found on trial to be but "vanity" (Pe2 2:18).
clouds--The oldest manuscripts and versions read, "mists," dark, and not transparent and bright as "clouds" often are, whence the latter term is applied sometimes to the saints; fit emblem of the children of darkness. "Clouds" is a transcriber's correction from Jde 1:12, where it is appropriate, "clouds . . . without water" (promising what they do not perform); but not here, "mists driven along by a tempest."
mist--blackness; "the chilling horror accompanying darkness" [BENGEL].
17
Versículo 18
17. allure--Greek, "lay baits for."
allure--Greek, "lay baits for."
through--Greek, "in"; the lusts of the flesh being the element IN which they lay their baits.
much wantonness--Greek, "by licentiousness"; the bait which they lay.
clean escaped--Greek, "really escaped." But the oldest manuscripts and Vulgate read, "scarcely," or "for but a little time"; scarcely have they escaped from them who live in error (the ungodly world), when they are allured by these seducers into sin again (Pe2 2:20).
18
Versículo 19
18. promise . . . liberty--(Christian)--These promises are instances of their "great swelling words" …
promise . . . liberty--(Christian)--These promises are instances of their "great swelling words" (Pe2 2:18). The liberty which they propose is such as fears not Satan, nor loathes the flesh. Pauline language, adopted by Peter here, and Pe1 2:16; see on Pe1 2:16; (compare Pe2 3:15; Rom 6:16-22; Rom 8:15, Rom 8:21; Gal 5:1, Gal 5:13; compare Joh 8:34).
corruption--(See on Pe2 2:12); "destroyed . . . perish . . . corruption."
of whom--"by whatever . . . by the same," &c.
19
Versículo 20
19. after they--the seducers "themselves" have escaped (Pe2 2:19; see on Heb 6:4-6).
after they--the seducers "themselves" have escaped (Pe2 2:19; see on Heb 6:4-6).
pollutions--which bring "corruption" (Pe2 2:19).
through--Greek, "in."
knowledge--Greek, "full and accurate knowledge."
the Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ--solemnly expressing in full the great and gracious One from whom they fall.
latter end is worse . . . than the beginning--Peter remembers Christ's words. "Worse" stands opposed to "better" (Pe2 2:21).
20
Versículo 21
20. the way of righteousness--"the way of truth" (Pe2 2:2). Christian doctrine, and "the knowledge of…
the way of righteousness--"the way of truth" (Pe2 2:2). Christian doctrine, and "the knowledge of the Lord and Saviour."
turn--back again; so the Greek.
from the holy commandment--the Gospel which enjoins holiness; in opposition to their corruption. "Holy," not that it makes holy, but because it ought to be kept inviolate [TITTMANN].
delivered--once for all; admitting no turning back.
21
Versículo 22
21. But--You need not wonder at the event; for dogs and swine they were before, and dogs and swine th…
But--You need not wonder at the event; for dogs and swine they were before, and dogs and swine they will continue. They "scarcely" (Pe2 2:18) have escaped from their filthy folly, when they again are entangled in it. Then they seduce others who have in like manner "for a little time escaped from them that live in error" (Pe2 2:18). Peter often quoted Proverbs in his First Epistle (Pe1 1:7; Pe1 2:17; Pe1 4:8, Pe1 4:18); another proof that both Epistles come from the same writer.
Next: 2 Peter Chapter 3
Nuevo Testamento
2 Peter — Capítulo 2
FALSE TEACHERS TO ARISE: THEM BAD PRACTICES AND SURE DESTRUCTION, FROM WHICH THE GODLY SHALL BE DELIVERED, AS LOT WAS. (2Pe. 2:1-22) But--in contrast to the prophets "moved by the Holy Ghost" (Pe2 1:21). also--as well…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Pero hubo también falsos profetas entre el pueblo, como habrá entre vosotros falsos maestros, que introducirán encubiertamente herejías destructoras, y aun negarán al Señor que los rescató, atrayendo sobre sí mismos destrucción repentina.
2Y muchos seguirán sus disoluciones, por causa de los cuales el camino de la verdad será blasfemado,
3y por avaricia harán mercadería de vosotros con palabras fingidas. Sobre los tales ya de largo tiempo la condenación no se tarda, y su perdición no se duerme.
4Porque si Dios no perdonó a los ángeles que pecaron, sino que arrojándolos al infierno los entregó a prisiones de oscuridad, para ser reservados al juicio;
5y si no perdonó al mundo antiguo, sino que guardó a Noé, pregonero de justicia, con otras siete personas, trayendo el diluvio sobre el mundo de los impíos;
6y si condenó por destrucción a las ciudades de Sodoma y de Gomorra, reduciéndolas a ceniza y poniéndolas de ejemplo a los que habían de vivir impíamente,
7y libró al justo Lot, abrumado por la nefanda conducta de los malvados
8(porque este justo, que moraba entre ellos, afligía cada día su alma justa, viendo y oyendo los hechos inicuos de ellos),
9sabe el Señor librar de tentación a los piadosos, y reservar a los injustos para ser castigados en el día del juicio;
10y mayormente a aquellos que, siguiendo la carne, andan en concupiscencia e inmundicia, y desprecian el señorío. Atrevidos y contumaces, no temen decir mal de las potestades superiores,
11mientras que los ángeles, que son mayores en fuerza y en potencia, no pronuncian juicio de maldición contra ellas delante del Señor.
12Pero estos, hablando mal de cosas que no entienden, como animales irracionales, nacidos para presa y destrucción, perecerán en su propia perdición,
13recibiendo el galardón de su injusticia, ya que tienen por delicia el gozar de deleites cada día. Estos son inmundicias y manchas, quienes aun mientras comen con vosotros, se recrean en sus errores.
14Tienen los ojos llenos de adulterio, no se sacian de pecar, seducen a las almas inconstantes, tienen el corazón habituado a la codicia, y son hijos de maldición.
15Han dejado el camino recto, y se han extraviado siguiendo el camino de Balaam hijo de Beor, el cual amó el premio de la maldad,
16y fue reprendido por su iniquidad; pues una muda bestia de carga, hablando con voz de hombre, refrenó la locura del profeta.
17Estos son fuentes sin agua, y nubes empujadas por la tormenta; para los cuales la más densa oscuridad está reservada para siempre.
18Pues hablando palabras infladas y vanas, seducen con concupiscencias de la carne y disoluciones a los que verdaderamente habían huido de los que viven en error.
19Les prometen libertad, y son ellos mismos esclavos de corrupción. Porque el que es vencido por alguno es hecho esclavo del que lo venció.
20Ciertamente, si habiéndose ellos escapado de las contaminaciones del mundo, por el conocimiento del Señor y Salvador Jesucristo, enredándose otra vez en ellas son vencidos, su postrer estado viene a ser peor que el primero.
21Porque mejor les hubiera sido no haber conocido el camino de la justicia, que después de haberlo conocido, volverse atrás del santo mandamiento que les fue dado.
22Pero les ha acontecido lo del verdadero proverbio: El perro vuelve a su vómito, y la puerca lavada a revolcarse en el cieno.
JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 2
I. follow--out: so the Greek.
Versículo 3
II. through, &c.--Greek, "IN covetousness" as their element (Pe2 2:14, end). Contrast Co2 11:20; Co2 …
Versículo 4
III. if--The apodosis or consequent member of the sentence is not expressed, but is virtually containe…
Versículo 5
IV. eighth--that is, Noah, and seven others. Contrasted with the densely peopled "world of the ungodly."
Versículo 6
V. with, &c.--"TO overthrow" [ALFORD].
Versículo 7
VI. just--righteous.
Versículo 8
VII. vexed--Greek, "tormented."
Versículo 9
VIII. knoweth how--He is at no loss for means, even when men see no escape.
Versículo 10
IX. chiefly--They especially will be punished (Jde 1:8).
Versículo 11
X. which are--though they are.
Versículo 12
XI. (Jde 1:19).
Versículo 13
XII. receive--"shall carry off as their due."
Versículo 14
XIII. full of adultery--literally, "full of an adulteress," as though they carried about adulteresses a…
Versículo 15
XIV. have--Some of the seducers are spoken of as already come, others as yet to come.
Versículo 16
XV. was rebuked--Greek, "had a rebuke," or conviction; an exposure of his specious wickedness on his …
Versículo 17
16. (Jde 1:12-13.)
Versículo 18
17. allure--Greek, "lay baits for."
Versículo 19
18. promise . . . liberty--(Christian)--These promises are instances of their "great swelling words" …
Versículo 20
19. after they--the seducers "themselves" have escaped (Pe2 2:19; see on Heb 6:4-6).
Versículo 21
20. the way of righteousness--"the way of truth" (Pe2 2:2). Christian doctrine, and "the knowledge of…
Versículo 22
21. But--You need not wonder at the event; for dogs and swine they were before, and dogs and swine th…