Antiguo Testamento

1 Samuel — Capítulo 26

SAUL COMES TO THE HILL OF HACHILAH AGAINST DAVID. (Sa1 26:1-4) the Ziphites came unto Saul to Gibeah--This people seem to have thought it impossible for David to escape, and therefore recommended themselves to Saul, b…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Vinieron los zifeos a Saúl en Gabaa, diciendo: ¿No está David escondido en el collado de Haquila, al oriente del desierto?

2Saúl entonces se levantó y descendió al desierto de Zif, llevando consigo tres mil hombres escogidos de Israel, para buscar a David en el desierto de Zif.

3Y acampó Saúl en el collado de Haquila, que está al oriente del desierto, junto al camino. Y estaba David en el desierto, y entendió que Saúl le seguía en el desierto.

4David, por tanto, envió espías, y supo con certeza que Saúl había venido.

5Y se levantó David, y vino al sitio donde Saúl había acampado; y miró David el lugar donde dormían Saúl y Abner hijo de Ner, general de su ejército. Y estaba Saúl durmiendo en el campamento, y el pueblo estaba acampado en derredor de él.

6Entonces David dijo a Ahimelec heteo y a Abisai hijo de Sarvia, hermano de Joab: ¿Quién descenderá conmigo a Saúl en el campamento? Y dijo Abisai: Yo descenderé contigo.

7David, pues, y Abisai fueron de noche al ejército; y he aquí que Saúl estaba tendido durmiendo en el campamento, y su lanza clavada en tierra a su cabecera; y Abner y el ejército estaban tendidos alrededor de él.

8Entonces dijo Abisai a David: Hoy ha entregado Dios a tu enemigo en tu mano; ahora, pues, déjame que le hiera con la lanza, y lo enclavaré en la tierra de un golpe, y no le daré segundo golpe.

9Y David respondió a Abisai: No le mates; porque ¿quién extenderá su mano contra el ungido de Jehová, y será inocente?

10Dijo además David: Vive Jehová, que si Jehová no lo hiriere, o su día llegue para que muera, o descendiendo en batalla perezca,

11guárdeme Jehová de extender mi mano contra el ungido de Jehová. Pero toma ahora la lanza que está a su cabecera, y la vasija de agua, y vámonos.

12Se llevó, pues, David la lanza y la vasija de agua de la cabecera de Saúl, y se fueron; y no hubo nadie que viese, ni entendiese, ni velase, pues todos dormían; porque un profundo sueño enviado de Jehová había caído sobre ellos.

13Entonces pasó David al lado opuesto, y se puso en la cumbre del monte a lo lejos, habiendo gran distancia entre ellos.

14Y dio voces David al pueblo, y a Abner hijo de Ner, diciendo: ¿No respondes, Abner? Entonces Abner respondió y dijo: ¿Quién eres tú que gritas al rey?

15Y dijo David a Abner: ¿No eres tú un hombre? ¿y quién hay como tú en Israel? ¿Por qué, pues, no has guardado al rey tu señor? Porque uno del pueblo ha entrado a matar a tu señor el rey.

16Esto que has hecho no está bien. Vive Jehová, que sois dignos de muerte, porque no habéis guardado a vuestro señor, al ungido de Jehová. Mira pues, ahora, dónde está la lanza del rey, y la vasija de agua que estaba a su cabecera.

17Y conociendo Saúl la voz de David, dijo: ¿No es esta tu voz, hijo mío David? Y David respondió: Mi voz es, rey señor mío.

18Y dijo: ¿Por qué persigue así mi señor a su siervo? ¿Qué he hecho? ¿Qué mal hay en mi mano?

19Ruego, pues, que el rey mi señor oiga ahora las palabras de su siervo. Si Jehová te incita contra mí, acepte él la ofrenda; mas si fueren hijos de hombres, malditos sean ellos en presencia de Jehová, porque me han arrojado hoy para que no tenga parte en la heredad de Jehová, diciendo: Ve y sirve a dioses ajenos.

20No caiga, pues, ahora mi sangre en tierra delante de Jehová, porque ha salido el rey de Israel a buscar una pulga, así como quien persigue una perdiz por los montes.

21Entonces dijo Saúl: He pecado; vuélvete, hijo mío David, que ningún mal te haré más, porque mi vida ha sido estimada preciosa hoy a tus ojos. He aquí yo he hecho neciamente, y he errado en gran manera.

22Y David respondió y dijo: He aquí la lanza del rey; pase acá uno de los criados y tómela.

23Y Jehová pague a cada uno su justicia y su lealtad; pues Jehová te había entregado hoy en mi mano, mas yo no quise extender mi mano contra el ungido de Jehová.

24Y he aquí, como tu vida ha sido estimada preciosa hoy a mis ojos, así sea mi vida a los ojos de Jehová, y me libre de toda aflicción.

25Y Saúl dijo a David: Bendito eres tú, hijo mío David; sin duda emprenderás tú cosas grandes, y prevalecerás. Entonces David se fue por su camino, y Saúl se volvió a su lugar.

JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY

Versículo 4

I. David . . . sent out spies . . . and David arose, and came to the place where Saul had pitched--H…

David . . . sent out spies . . . and David arose, and came to the place where Saul had pitched--Having obtained certain information of the locality, he seems, accompanied by his nephew (Sa1 26:6), to have hid himself, perhaps disguised, in a neighboring wood, or hill, on the skirts of the royal camp towards night, and waited to approach it under covert of the darkness.

Versículo 5

II. DAVID STAYS ABISHAI FROM KILLING SAUL, BUT TAKES HIS SPEAR AND CRUSE. (1Sa. 26:5-25)

DAVID STAYS ABISHAI FROM KILLING SAUL, BUT TAKES HIS SPEAR AND CRUSE. (1Sa. 26:5-25) Saul lay in the trench, and the people pitched round about him--Among the nomad people of the East, the encampments are usually made in a circular form. The circumference is lined by the baggage and the men, while the chief's station is in the center, whether he occupy a tent or not. His spear, stuck in the ground, indicates his position. Similar was the disposition of Saul's camp--in this hasty expedition he seems to have carried no tent, but to have slept on the ground. The whole troop was sunk in sleep around him.

Versículo 8

III. Then said Abishai to David, God hath delivered thine enemy into thine hand--This midnight stratag…

Then said Abishai to David, God hath delivered thine enemy into thine hand--This midnight stratagem shows the activity and heroic enterprise of David's mind, and it was in unison with the style of warfare in ancient times. let me smite him . . . even to the earth at once--The ferocious vehemence of the speaker is sufficiently apparent from his language, but David's magnanimity soared far above the notions of his followers. Though Saul's cruelty and perfidy and general want of right principle had sunk him to a low pitch of degradation, yet that was no reason for David's imitating him in doing wrong. Besides, he was the sovereign; David was a subject. Though God had rejected him from the kingdom, it was in every way the best and most dutiful course, instead of precipitating his fall by imbruing their hands in his blood and thereby contracting the guilt of a great crime, to wait the awards of that retributive providence which sooner or later would take him off by some sudden and mortal blow. He who, with impetuous haste was going to exterminate Nabal, meekly spared Saul. But Nabal refused to give a tribute to which justice and gratitude, no less than custom, entitled David. Saul was under the judicial infatuation of heaven. Thus David withheld the hand of Abishai; but, at the same time, he directed him to carry off some things which would show where they had been, and what they had done. Thus he obtained the best of victories over him, by heaping coals of fire on his head.

Versículo 11

IV. the spear that is at his bolster, and the cruse of water--The Oriental spear had, and still has, …

the spear that is at his bolster, and the cruse of water--The Oriental spear had, and still has, a spike at the lower extremity, intended for the purpose of sticking the spear into the ground when the warrior is at rest. This common custom of Arab sheiks was also the practice of the Hebrew chiefs. at his bolster--literally, "at his head"; perhaps, Saul as a sovereign had the distinguished luxury of a bolster carried for him. A "cruse of water" is usually, in warm climates, kept near a person's couch, as a drink in the night time is found very refreshing. Saul's cruse would probably be of superior materials, or more richly ornamented than common ones, and therefore by its size or form be easily distinguished.

Versículo 13

V. Then David . . . stood on the top of an hill afar off . . . and cried to the people--(See on Jdg …

Then David . . . stood on the top of an hill afar off . . . and cried to the people--(See on Jdg 9:7). The extraordinary purity and elasticity of the air in Palestine enable words to be distinctly heard that are addressed by a speaker from the top of one hill to people on that of another, from which it is separated by a deep intervening ravine. Hostile parties can thus speak to each other, while completely beyond the reach of each other's attack. It results from the peculiar features of the country in many of the mountain districts.

Versículo 15

VI. David said to Abner, Art not thou a valiant man: . . . wherefore then hast thou not kept thy lord…

David said to Abner, Art not thou a valiant man: . . . wherefore then hast thou not kept thy lord the king?--The circumstance of David having penetrated to the center of the encampment, through the circular rows of the sleeping soldiers, constituted the point of this sarcastic taunt. This new evidence of David's moderation and magnanimous forbearance, together with his earnest and kindly expostulation, softened the obduracy of Saul's heart.

Versículo 19

VII. If the Lord have stirred thee up against me--By the evil spirit He had sent, or by any spiritual …

If the Lord have stirred thee up against me--By the evil spirit He had sent, or by any spiritual offenses by which we have mutually displeased Him. let him accept an offering--that is, let us conjointly offer a sacrifice for appeasing His wrath against us. if they be the children of men--The prudence, meekness, and address of David in ascribing the king's enmity to the instigations of some malicious traducers, and not to the jealousy of Saul himself, is worthy of notice. saying, Go, serve other gods--This was the drift of their conduct. By driving him from the land and ordinances of the true worship, into foreign and heathen countries, they were exposing him to all the seductions of idolatry.

Versículo 20

VIII. as when one doth hunt a partridge--People in the East, in hunting the partridge and other game bi…

as when one doth hunt a partridge--People in the East, in hunting the partridge and other game birds, pursue them, till observing them becoming languid and fatigued after they have been put up two or three times, they rush upon the birds stealthily and knock them down with bludgeons [SHAW, Travels]. It was exactly in this manner that Saul was pursuing David. He drove him from time to time from his hiding-place, hoping to render him weary of his life, or obtain an opportunity of accomplishing his destruction.

Versículo 25

IX. So David went on his way--Notwithstanding this sudden relenting of Saul, David placed no confiden…

So David went on his way--Notwithstanding this sudden relenting of Saul, David placed no confidence in his professions or promises, but wisely kept at a distance and awaited the course of Providence. Next: 1 Samuel Chapter 27

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