Antiguo Testamento

1 Samuel — Capítulo 21

DAVID, AT NOB, OBTAINS OF AHIMELECH HALLOWED BREAD. (Sa1 21:1-7) Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech--Nob, a city of the priests (Sa1 22:19), was in the neighborhood of Jerusalem, on the Mount of Olives--a little nort…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Vino David a Nob, al sacerdote Ahimelec; y se sorprendió Ahimelec de su encuentro, y le dijo: ¿Cómo vienes tú solo, y nadie contigo?

2Y respondió David al sacerdote Ahimelec: El rey me encomendó un asunto, y me dijo: Nadie sepa cosa alguna del asunto a que te envío, y lo que te he encomendado; y yo les señalé a los criados un cierto lugar.

3Ahora, pues, ¿qué tienes a mano? Dame cinco panes, o lo que tengas.

4El sacerdote respondió a David y dijo: No tengo pan común a la mano, solamente tengo pan sagrado; pero lo daré si los criados se han guardado a lo menos de mujeres.

5Y David respondió al sacerdote, y le dijo: En verdad las mujeres han estado lejos de nosotros ayer y anteayer; cuando yo salí, ya los vasos de los jóvenes eran santos, aunque el viaje es profano; ¿cuánto más no serán santos hoy sus vasos?

6Así el sacerdote le dio el pan sagrado, porque allí no había otro pan sino los panes de la proposición, los cuales habían sido quitados de la presencia de Jehová, para poner panes calientes el día que aquellos fueron quitados.

7Y estaba allí aquel día detenido delante de Jehová uno de los siervos de Saúl, cuyo nombre era Doeg, edomita, el principal de los pastores de Saúl.

8Y David dijo a Ahimelec: ¿No tienes aquí a mano lanza o espada? Porque no tomé en mi mano mi espada ni mis armas, por cuanto la orden del rey era apremiante.

9Y el sacerdote respondió: La espada de Goliat el filisteo, al que tú venciste en el valle de Ela, está aquí envuelta en un velo detrás del efod; si quieres tomarla, tómala; porque aquí no hay otra sino esa. Y dijo David: Ninguna como ella; dámela.

10Y levantándose David aquel día, huyó de la presencia de Saúl, y se fue a Aquis rey de Gat.

11Y los siervos de Aquis le dijeron: ¿No es este David, el rey de la tierra? ¿no es este de quien cantaban en las danzas, diciendo: Hirió Saúl a sus miles, Y David a sus diez miles?

12Y David puso en su corazón estas palabras, y tuvo gran temor de Aquis rey de Gat.

13Y cambió su manera de comportarse delante de ellos, y se fingió loco entre ellos, y escribía en las portadas de las puertas, y dejaba correr la saliva por su barba.

14Y dijo Aquis a sus siervos: He aquí, veis que este hombre es demente; ¿por qué lo habéis traído a mí?

15¿Acaso me faltan locos, para que hayáis traído a este que hiciese de loco delante de mí? ¿Había de entrar este en mi casa?

JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY

Versículo 2

I. The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me, Let no man know--This was a direct …

The king hath commanded me a business, and hath said unto me, Let no man know--This was a direct falsehood, extorted through fear. David probably supposed, like many other persons, that a lie is quite excusable which is told for the sole purpose of saving the speaker's life. But what is essentially sinful, can never, from circumstances, change its immoral character; and David had to repent of this vice of lying (Psa 119:29).

Versículo 4

II. there is hallowed bread--There would be plenty of bread in his house; but there was no time to wa…

there is hallowed bread--There would be plenty of bread in his house; but there was no time to wait for it. "The hallowed bread" was the old shew-bread, which had been removed the previous day, and which was reserved for the use of the priests alone (Lev 24:9). Before entertaining the idea that this bread could be lawfully given to David and his men, the high priest seems to have consulted the oracle (Sa1 22:10) as to the course to be followed in this emergency. A dispensation to use the hallowed bread was specially granted by God Himself.

Versículo 5

III. these three days--as required by law (Exo 19:15). David and his attendants seem to have been lurk…

these three days--as required by law (Exo 19:15). David and his attendants seem to have been lurking in some of the adjoining caves, to elude pursuit, and to have been, consequently, reduced to great extremities of hunger. the bread is in a manner common--that is, now that it is no longer standing on the Lord's table. It is eaten by the priests, and may also, in our circumstances, be eaten by us. yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel--that is, though the hallowed bread had been but newly placed on the vessel, the ritual ordinance would have to yield to the great law of necessity and mercy (see on Mat 12:3; also see Mar 2:25; Luk 6:3).

Versículo 6

IV. there was no bread there--in the tabernacle. The removal of the old and the substitution of the n…

there was no bread there--in the tabernacle. The removal of the old and the substitution of the new bread was done on the Sabbath (Lev 24:8), the loaves being kept warm in an oven heated the previous day.

Versículo 7

V. Doeg, an Edomite--who had embraced the Hebrew religion.

Doeg, an Edomite--who had embraced the Hebrew religion. detained before the Lord--at the tabernacle, perhaps, in the performance of a vow, or from its being the Sabbath, which rendered it unlawful for him to prosecute his journey. the chiefest of the herdmen that belonged to Saul--Eastern monarchs anciently had large possessions in flocks and herds; and the office of the chief shepherd was an important one.

Versículo 9

VI. HE TAKES GOLIATH'S SWORD. (Sa1 21:9)

HE TAKES GOLIATH'S SWORD. (Sa1 21:9) sword of Goliath--(See on Sa1 17:54). behind the ephod--in the place allowed for keeping the sacred vestments, of which the ephod is mentioned as the chief. The giant's sword was deposited in that safe custody as a memorial of the divine goodness in delivering Israel. There is none like that--not only for its size and superior temper, but for its being a pledge of the divine favor to him, and a constant stimulus to his faith.

Versículo 10

VII. AT GATH HE FEIGNS HIMSELF MAD. (Sa1 21:10-15)

AT GATH HE FEIGNS HIMSELF MAD. (Sa1 21:10-15) David . . . fled . . . to Achish the king of Gath--which was one of the five principalities of the Philistines. In this place his person must have been known, and to venture into that country, he their greatest enemy, and with the sword of Goliath in his hand, would seem to have been a perilous experiment; but, doubtless, the protection he received implies that he had been directed by the divine oracle. Achish was generous (Sa1 27:6). He might wish to weaken the resources of Saul, and it was common in ancient times for great men to be harbored by neighboring princes.

Versículo 13

VIII. feigned himself mad--It is supposed to have been an attack of epilepsy, real or perhaps only pret…

feigned himself mad--It is supposed to have been an attack of epilepsy, real or perhaps only pretended. This disease is relieved by foaming at the mouth. let his spittle fall down upon his beard--No wonder that Achish supposed him insane, as such an indignity, whether done by another, or one's self, to the beard, is considered in the East an intolerable insult. Next: 1 Samuel Chapter 22

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