Antiguo Testamento

1 Kings — Capítulo 2

DAVID DIES. (Kg1 2:1-11) David . . . charged Solomon his son--The charge recorded here was given to Solomon just before his death and is different from the farewell address delivered in public some time before (Ch1 28…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Llegaron los días en que David había de morir, y ordenó a Salomón su hijo, diciendo:

2Yo sigo el camino de todos en la tierra; esfuérzate, y sé hombre.

3Guarda los preceptos de Jehová tu Dios, andando en sus caminos, y observando sus estatutos y mandamientos, sus decretos y sus testimonios, de la manera que está escrito en la ley de Moisés, para que prosperes en todo lo que hagas y en todo aquello que emprendas;

4para que confirme Jehová la palabra que me habló, diciendo: Si tus hijos guardaren mi camino, andando delante de mí con verdad, de todo su corazón y de toda su alma, jamás, dice, faltará a ti varón en el trono de Israel.

5Ya sabes tú lo que me ha hecho Joab hijo de Sarvia, lo que hizo a dos generales del ejército de Israel, a Abner hijo de Ner y a Amasa hijo de Jeter, a los cuales él mató, derramando en tiempo de paz la sangre de guerra, y poniendo sangre de guerra en el talabarte que tenía sobre sus lomos, y en los zapatos que tenía en sus pies.

6Tú, pues, harás conforme a tu sabiduría; no dejarás descender sus canas al Seol en paz.

7Mas a los hijos de Barzilai galaadita harás misericordia, que sean de los convidados a tu mesa; porque ellos vinieron de esta manera a mí, cuando iba huyendo de Absalón tu hermano.

8También tienes contigo a Simei hijo de Gera, hijo de Benjamín, de Bahurim, el cual me maldijo con una maldición fuerte el día que yo iba a Mahanaim. Mas él mismo descendió a recibirme al Jordán, y yo le juré por Jehová diciendo: Yo no te mataré a espada.

9Pero ahora no lo absolverás; pues hombre sabio eres, y sabes cómo debes hacer con él; y harás descender sus canas con sangre al Seol.

10Y durmió David con sus padres, y fue sepultado en su ciudad.

11Los días que reinó David sobre Israel fueron cuarenta años; siete años reinó en Hebrón, y treinta y tres años reinó en Jerusalén.

12Y se sentó Salomón en el trono de David su padre, y su reino fue firme en gran manera.

13Entonces Adonías hijo de Haguit vino a Betsabé madre de Salomón; y ella le dijo: ¿Es tu venida de paz? Él respondió: Sí, de paz.

14En seguida dijo: Una palabra tengo que decirte. Y ella dijo: Di.

15Él dijo: Tú sabes que el reino era mío, y que todo Israel había puesto en mí su rostro para que yo reinara; mas el reino fue traspasado, y vino a ser de mi hermano, porque por Jehová era suyo.

16Ahora yo te hago una petición; no me la niegues. Y ella le dijo: Habla.

17Él entonces dijo: Yo te ruego que hables al rey Salomón (porque él no te lo negará), para que me dé a Abisag sunamita por mujer.

18Y Betsabé dijo: Bien; yo hablaré por ti al rey.

19Vino Betsabé al rey Salomón para hablarle por Adonías. Y el rey se levantó a recibirla, y se inclinó ante ella, y volvió a sentarse en su trono, e hizo traer una silla para su madre, la cual se sentó a su diestra.

20Y ella dijo: Una pequeña petición pretendo de ti; no me la niegues. Y el rey le dijo: Pide, madre mía, que yo no te la negaré.

21Y ella dijo: Dése Abisag sunamita por mujer a tu hermano Adonías.

22El rey Salomón respondió y dijo a su madre: ¿Por qué pides a Abisag sunamita para Adonías? Demanda también para él el reino; porque él es mi hermano mayor, y ya tiene también al sacerdote Abiatar, y a Joab hijo de Sarvia.

23Y el rey Salomón juró por Jehová, diciendo: Así me haga Dios y aun me añada, que contra su vida ha hablado Adonías estas palabras.

24Ahora, pues, vive Jehová, quien me ha confirmado y me ha puesto sobre el trono de David mi padre, y quien me ha hecho casa, como me había dicho, que Adonías morirá hoy.

25Entonces el rey Salomón envió por mano de Benaía hijo de Joiada, el cual arremetió contra él, y murió.

26Y el rey dijo al sacerdote Abiatar: Vete a Anatot, a tus heredades, pues eres digno de muerte; pero no te mataré hoy, por cuanto has llevado el arca de Jehová el Señor delante de David mi padre, y además has sido afligido en todas las cosas en que fue afligido mi padre.

27Así echó Salomón a Abiatar del sacerdocio de Jehová, para que se cumpliese la palabra de Jehová que había dicho sobre la casa de Elí en Silo.

28Y vino la noticia a Joab; porque también Joab se había adherido a Adonías, si bien no se había adherido a Absalón. Y huyó Joab al tabernáculo de Jehová, y se asió de los cuernos del altar.

29Y se le hizo saber a Salomón que Joab había huido al tabernáculo de Jehová, y que estaba junto al altar. Entonces envió Salomón a Benaía hijo de Joiada, diciendo: Ve, y arremete contra él.

30Y entró Benaía al tabernáculo de Jehová, y le dijo: El rey ha dicho que salgas. Y él dijo: No, sino que aquí moriré. Y Benaía volvió con esta respuesta al rey, diciendo: Así dijo Joab, y así me respondió.

31Y el rey le dijo: Haz como él ha dicho; mátale y entiérrale, y quita de mí y de la casa de mi padre la sangre que Joab ha derramado injustamente.

32Y Jehová hará volver su sangre sobre su cabeza; porque él ha dado muerte a dos varones más justos y mejores que él, a los cuales mató a espada sin que mi padre David supiese nada: a Abner hijo de Ner, general del ejército de Israel, y a Amasa hijo de Jeter, general del ejército de Judá.

33La sangre, pues, de ellos recaerá sobre la cabeza de Joab, y sobre la cabeza de su descendencia para siempre; mas sobre David y sobre su descendencia, y sobre su casa y sobre su trono, habrá perpetuamente paz de parte de Jehová.

34Entonces Benaía hijo de Joiada subió y arremetió contra él, y lo mató; y fue sepultado en su casa en el desierto.

35Y el rey puso en su lugar a Benaía hijo de Joiada sobre el ejército, y a Sadoc puso el rey por sacerdote en lugar de Abiatar.

36Después envió el rey e hizo venir a Simei, y le dijo: Edifícate una casa en Jerusalén y mora ahí, y no salgas de allí a una parte ni a otra;

37porque sabe de cierto que el día que salieres y pasares el torrente de Cedrón, sin duda morirás, y tu sangre será sobre tu cabeza.

38Y Simei dijo al rey: La palabra es buena; como el rey mi señor ha dicho, así lo hará tu siervo. Y habitó Simei en Jerusalén muchos días.

39Pero pasados tres años, aconteció que dos siervos de Simei huyeron a Aquis hijo de Maaca, rey de Gat. Y dieron aviso a Simei, diciendo: He aquí que tus siervos están en Gat.

40Entonces Simei se levantó y ensilló su asno y fue a Aquis en Gat, para buscar a sus siervos. Fue, pues, Simei, y trajo sus siervos de Gat.

41Luego fue dicho a Salomón que Simei había ido de Jerusalén hasta Gat, y que había vuelto.

42Entonces el rey envió e hizo venir a Simei, y le dijo: ¿No te hice jurar yo por Jehová, y te protesté diciendo: El día que salieres y fueres acá o allá, sabe de cierto que morirás? Y tú me dijiste: La palabra es buena, yo la obedezco.

43¿Por qué, pues, no guardaste el juramento de Jehová, y el mandamiento que yo te impuse?

44Dijo además el rey a Simei: Tú sabes todo el mal, el cual tu corazón bien sabe, que cometiste contra mi padre David; Jehová, pues, ha hecho volver el mal sobre tu cabeza.

45Y el rey Salomón será bendito, y el trono de David será firme perpetuamente delante de Jehová.

46Entonces el rey mandó a Benaía hijo de Joiada, el cual salió y lo hirió, y murió. Y el reino fue confirmado en la mano de Salomón.

JAMIESON-FAUSSET-BROWN BIBLE COMMENTARY

Versículo 2

I. I go the way of all the earth--a beautiful and impressive periphrasis for death.

I go the way of all the earth--a beautiful and impressive periphrasis for death. be thou strong, . . . show thyself a man--This counsel is similar to the apostolic direction (Co1 16:13) and refers to the fortitude or strength of mind that was required to discharge the onerous functions of king.

Versículo 3

II. keep the charge of the Lord thy God--that is, the divine law in all its ceremonial as well as mor…

keep the charge of the Lord thy God--that is, the divine law in all its ceremonial as well as moral requirements. But particular reference was intended to its political institutions, as it was only by strictly maintaining the conduct that became the Hebrew monarch (Deu 17:10-20), that he would secure the blessing of peace and prosperity to his reign (see on Deu 4:5; Deu 29:10).

Versículo 4

III. there shall not fail thee . . . a man on the throne of Israel--a reference to the promise made to…

there shall not fail thee . . . a man on the throne of Israel--a reference to the promise made to David of the sovereignty being vested perpetually in his lineage (Sa2 7:11-16), which was confirmed to Solomon afterwards (see Kg1 9:5), and repeated with reference to its spiritual meaning long after (Jer 33:17).

Versículo 5

IV. thou knowest also what Joab . . . did--The insolent and imperious conduct of that general had not…

thou knowest also what Joab . . . did--The insolent and imperious conduct of that general had not only been deeply offensive to the feelings (Sa2 18:5-15; Sa2 19:5-7), but calculated to bring reproach on the character, to injure the prospects, and endanger the throne of David. Passing over the injuries committed directly against himself, David dwelt with strong feelings on the base assassination of Abner and Amasa. shed the blood of war in peace, &c.--The obvious meaning is, that in peace he acted towards them as if they had been in a state of warfare; but perhaps these graphic expressions might be designed to impress Solomon's mind more strongly with a sense of the malice, treachery, and cruelty by which those murders were characterized.

Versículo 6

V. Do . . . according to thy wisdom--Joab's immense popularity with the army required that any proce…

Do . . . according to thy wisdom--Joab's immense popularity with the army required that any proceedings instituted against him should be taken with great prudence and deliberation.

Versículo 8

VI. thou hast with thee Shimei--Though David promised him a pardon, which being enforced by the prese…

thou hast with thee Shimei--Though David promised him a pardon, which being enforced by the presence of a thousand followers, could not have been well refused, he warned his son against Shimei as a turbulent and dangerous character. It must not be supposed that in these dying instructions David was evincing a fierce, vindictive spirit. He is rather to be considered as acting in the character of a king and magistrate, in noticing crimes which he had not been in a condition to punish, and pointing out persons of whom Solomon would be under a necessity to rid himself as dangerous to the state. The grateful mention of Barzillai's kindness [Kg1 2:7] was, however, a personal feeling that does honor to the warmth of his heart; and his silence as to Mephibosheth, the son of his beloved Jonathan, would imply the previous death of that prince.

Versículo 9

VII. for thou art a wise man--Solomon had given early indications of wisdom before his miraculous endo…

for thou art a wise man--Solomon had given early indications of wisdom before his miraculous endowment with the heavenly gift (see Kg1 3:11), and his own sagacity would dictate the course that should be followed in any new offense that Shimei might commit.

Versículo 10

VIII. So David slept with his fathers--about six months after the coronation of Solomon (compare Sa2 5:…

So David slept with his fathers--about six months after the coronation of Solomon (compare Sa2 5:5 with Ch1 29:27). The interval was spent in developing his ideas and plans for the future glory of the kingdom and providing for the permanent worship of God (see on Ch1 22:1, and following). was buried in the city of David--Sepulchres were not allowed within the precincts of cities. Jerusalem, however, formed an exception; and yet, even there, the privilege was reserved chiefly for the royal family (Act 2:29). Tradition says that the bones of David repose on Mount Zion, and the minaret of a small mosque points out the spot which tradition has fixed. His was a noble, a wondrous, and a humbling history. He was a good man, yet his life was deformed by various crimes of a very gross character. But there were many bright and noble traits in his character; he was an earnest lover of the divine law; his reign was signalized by many important services that contributed to the glory of God and the exaltation of His kingdom; and his name, as the sweet Psalmist of Israel, will be held in honor to the latest age of the Church.

Versículo 12

IX. SOLOMON SUCCEEDS HIM. (Kg1 2:12-24)

SOLOMON SUCCEEDS HIM. (Kg1 2:12-24) Then sat Solomon upon the throne of David his father--His ascension to the royal dignity was made under the happiest auspices. Having been born after his father became monarch of the whole kingdom, his claim, according to the notions of Oriental people, was preferable to that of all, even his elder brothers. The Hebrew kingdom enjoyed internal prosperity; it was respected and renowned abroad, and Solomon well knew how to improve these advantages.

Versículo 13

X. Adonijah . . . came to Bath-sheba--Her question to him betrays an apprehension which his recent c…

Adonijah . . . came to Bath-sheba--Her question to him betrays an apprehension which his recent conduct might well warrant; but his pious acknowledgment of the divine will seemed apparently to indicate so entire an acquiescence in the settlement of the succession [Kg1 2:15], that, in her womanly simplicity, she perceived not the deep cunning and evil design that was concealed under his request and readily undertook to promote his wishes.

Versículo 19

XI. Bath-sheba . . . went unto King Solomon--The filial reverence and the particular act of respect, …

Bath-sheba . . . went unto King Solomon--The filial reverence and the particular act of respect, which Solomon rendered, were quite in accordance with the sentiments and customs of the East. The right hand is the place of honor; and as it expressly said to have been assigned to "the king's mother," it is necessary to remark that, when a husband dies, his widow acquires a higher dignity and power, as a mother over her son, than she ever possessed before. Besides, the dignity of "king's mother" is a state office, to which certain revenues are attached. The holder has a separate palace or court, as well as possesses great influence in public affairs; and as the dignity is held for life, it sometimes happens, in consequence of deaths, that the person enjoying it may not be related to the reigning sovereign by natural maternity. Bath-sheba had evidently been invested with this honorable office.

Versículo 22

XII. why dost thou ask Abishag . . . ask for him the kingdom also--(See on Sa2 16:5; also see on Sa2 1…

why dost thou ask Abishag . . . ask for him the kingdom also--(See on Sa2 16:5; also see on Sa2 12:8). Solomon's indignation was roused; he in a moment penetrated the artful scheme, and from his associating the names of Abiathar and Joab, he seems to have suspected or known that those deep schemers had been the prompters of Adonijah.

Versículo 23

XIII. God do so to me, and more also--the common form of introducing a solemn oath.

God do so to me, and more also--the common form of introducing a solemn oath. if Adonijah have not spoken this word against his own life--Whether there was a treasonable design to conceal under this request or not, the act, according to Eastern notions, was criminal, and of dangerous consequence to the state. There is no ground of censure upon Solomon for cruelty or precipitation in this instance. He had pardoned Adonijah's former conspiracy; but this new attempt was rebellion against the viceroy appointed by the divine King and called for condign punishment. The office of executioner was among the Hebrews, as in other ancient countries of the East, performed unceremoniously and privately--often without any previous warning--by the captain of the guard, or one of his officers (Mat 14:10).

Versículo 26

XIV. unto Abiathar the priest said the king--This functionary, as the counsellor or accomplice of Adon…

unto Abiathar the priest said the king--This functionary, as the counsellor or accomplice of Adonijah, had deserved to share his fate. But partly from regard to his priestly dignity, and partly from his long associations with the late king, Solomon pronounced on him the mitigated sentence of banishment to his country estate at Anathoth, and thereby, as God's vicegerent, deprived him of his office and its emoluments. The sacred writer notices the remarkable fulfilment, Abiathar's degradation from the high priesthood (see on Kg1 4:4), of the doom denounced against the house of Eli (Sa1 2:30).

Versículo 28

XV. JOAB SLAIN. (1Ki. 2:28-45)

JOAB SLAIN. (1Ki. 2:28-45) Then tidings came to Joab--The execution of these sentences respectively on Adonijah and Abiathar prepared Joab for his fate. Death, due to his great crimes (Num 35:33), would long ago have been inflicted, had not his power and popularity with the army been too formidable for the old king. He now fled to the altar, which, though a recognized asylum, afforded no sanctuary to the rebel and murderer (Exo 21:14). And, as he refused to leave it, he seems to have cherished some faint hope that a religious scruple would have been felt at the thought of violating the sanctity of the place by bloodshed. Benaiah, not liking to assume any responsibility, referred the matter to Solomon, who determined that the law should take its course (Deu 19:13).

Versículo 33

16. Their blood shall . . . return upon the head of Joab, &c.--A reference is here made to the curse …

Their blood shall . . . return upon the head of Joab, &c.--A reference is here made to the curse publicly and solemnly pronounced by King David (Sa2 3:28-29).

Versículo 34

17. SHIMEI PUT TO DEATH. (Kg1 2:34-46)

SHIMEI PUT TO DEATH. (Kg1 2:34-46) Benaiah . . . went up, and fell upon him--According to the terms of the statute (Exo 21:14), and the practice in similar cases (Kg2 11:15), the criminal was to be dragged from the altar and slain elsewhere. But the truth is, that the sanctity of the altar was violated as much by the violence used in forcing the criminal from the place as in shedding his blood there; the express command of God authorized the former and therefore by implication permitted the latter. was buried in his own house--or family vault, at his property in the wilderness of Judah. His interment was included in the king's order, as enjoined in the divine law (Deu 21:23).

Versículo 36

18. the king sent and called for Shimei--He was probably residing at Bahurim, his native place. But, …

the king sent and called for Shimei--He was probably residing at Bahurim, his native place. But, as he was a suspicious character, Solomon condemned him henceforth to live in Jerusalem, on the penalty of death, for going without the gates. He submitted to this confinement for three years, when, violating his oath, he was arrested and put to death by Solomon for perjury, aggravated by his former crime of high treason against David [Kg1 2:42-44].

Versículo 46

19. the kingdom was established in the hand of Solomon--Now, by the death of Shimei, all the leaders …

the kingdom was established in the hand of Solomon--Now, by the death of Shimei, all the leaders of the rival factions had been cut off. Next: 1 Kings Chapter 3

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