Christ is led to Pilate, and accused by the Jews, Luk 23:1, Luk 23:2. Pilate examines, and pronounces him innocent, Luk 23:3, Luk 23:4. The Jews virulently accuse him, Luk 23:5. Pilate, understanding that he was of Ga…
1Levantándose entonces toda la muchedumbre de ellos, llevaron a Jesús a Pilato.
2Y comenzaron a acusarle, diciendo: A este hemos hallado que pervierte a la nación, y que prohíbe dar tributo a César, diciendo que él mismo es el Cristo, un rey.
3Entonces Pilato le preguntó, diciendo: ¿Eres tú el Rey de los judíos? Y respondiéndole él, dijo: Tú lo dices.
4Y Pilato dijo a los principales sacerdotes, y a la gente: Ningún delito hallo en este hombre.
5Pero ellos porfiaban, diciendo: Alborota al pueblo, enseñando por toda Judea, comenzando desde Galilea hasta aquí.
6Entonces Pilato, oyendo decir, Galilea, preguntó si el hombre era galileo.
7Y al saber que era de la jurisdicción de Herodes, le remitió a Herodes, que en aquellos días también estaba en Jerusalén.
8Herodes, viendo a Jesús, se alegró mucho, porque hacía tiempo que deseaba verle; porque había oído muchas cosas acerca de él, y esperaba verle hacer alguna señal.
9Y le hacía muchas preguntas, pero él nada le respondió.
10Y estaban los principales sacerdotes y los escribas acusándole con gran vehemencia.
11Entonces Herodes con sus soldados le menospreció y escarneció, vistiéndole de una ropa espléndida; y volvió a enviarle a Pilato.
12Y se hicieron amigos Pilato y Herodes aquel día; porque antes estaban enemistados entre sí.
13Entonces Pilato, convocando a los principales sacerdotes, a los gobernantes, y al pueblo,
14les dijo: Me habéis presentado a este como un hombre que perturba al pueblo; pero habiéndole interrogado yo delante de vosotros, no he hallado en este hombre delito alguno de aquellos de que le acusáis.
15Y ni aun Herodes, porque os remití a él; y he aquí, nada digno de muerte ha hecho este hombre.
16Le soltaré, pues, después de castigarle.
17Y tenía necesidad de soltarles uno en cada fiesta.
18Mas toda la multitud dio voces a una, diciendo: ¡Fuera con este, y suéltanos a Barrabás!
19Este había sido echado en la cárcel por sedición en la ciudad, y por un homicidio.
20Les habló otra vez Pilato, queriendo soltar a Jesús;
21pero ellos volvieron a dar voces, diciendo: ¡Crucifícale, crucifícale!
22Él les dijo por tercera vez: ¿Pues qué mal ha hecho este? Ningún delito digno de muerte he hallado en él; le castigaré, pues, y le soltaré.
23Mas ellos instaban a grandes voces, pidiendo que fuese crucificado. Y las voces de ellos y de los principales sacerdotes prevalecieron.
24Entonces Pilato sentenció que se hiciese lo que ellos pedían;
25y les soltó a aquel que había sido echado en la cárcel por sedición y homicidio, a quien habían pedido; y entregó a Jesús a la voluntad de ellos.
26Y llevándole, tomaron a cierto Simón de Cirene, que venía del campo, y le pusieron encima la cruz para que la llevase tras Jesús.
27Y le seguía gran multitud del pueblo, y de mujeres que lloraban y hacían lamentación por él.
28Pero Jesús, vuelto hacia ellas, les dijo: Hijas de Jerusalén, no lloréis por mí, sino llorad por vosotras mismas y por vuestros hijos.
29Porque he aquí vendrán días en que dirán: Bienaventuradas las estériles, y los vientres que no concibieron, y los pechos que no criaron.
30Entonces comenzarán a decir a los montes: Caed sobre nosotros; y a los collados: Cubridnos.
31Porque si en el árbol verde hacen estas cosas, ¿en el seco, qué no se hará?
32Llevaban también con él a otros dos, que eran malhechores, para ser muertos.
33Y cuando llegaron al lugar llamado de la Calavera, le crucificaron allí, y a los malhechores, uno a la derecha y otro a la izquierda.
34Y Jesús decía: Padre, perdónalos, porque no saben lo que hacen. Y repartieron entre sí sus vestidos, echando suertes.
35Y el pueblo estaba mirando; y aun los gobernantes se burlaban de él, diciendo: A otros salvó; sálvese a sí mismo, si este es el Cristo, el escogido de Dios.
36Los soldados también le escarnecían, acercándose y presentándole vinagre,
37y diciendo: Si tú eres el Rey de los judíos, sálvate a ti mismo.
38Había también sobre él un título escrito con letras griegas, latinas y hebreas: ESTE ES EL REY DE LOS JUDÍOS.
39Y uno de los malhechores que estaban colgados le injuriaba, diciendo: Si tú eres el Cristo, sálvate a ti mismo y a nosotros.
40Respondiendo el otro, le reprendió, diciendo: ¿Ni aun temes tú a Dios, estando en la misma condenación?
41Nosotros, a la verdad, justamente padecemos, porque recibimos lo que merecieron nuestros hechos; mas este ningún mal hizo.
42Y dijo a Jesús: Acuérdate de mí cuando vengas en tu reino.
43Entonces Jesús le dijo: De cierto te digo que hoy estarás conmigo en el paraíso.
44Cuando era como la hora sexta, hubo tinieblas sobre toda la tierra hasta la hora novena.
45Y el sol se oscureció, y el velo del templo se rasgó por la mitad.
46Entonces Jesús, clamando a gran voz, dijo: Padre, en tus manos encomiendo mi espíritu. Y habiendo dicho esto, expiró.
47Cuando el centurión vio lo que había acontecido, dio gloria a Dios, diciendo: Verdaderamente este hombre era justo.
48Y toda la multitud de los que estaban presentes en este espectáculo, viendo lo que había acontecido, se volvían golpeándose el pecho.
49Pero todos sus conocidos, y las mujeres que le habían seguido desde Galilea, estaban lejos mirando estas cosas.
50Había un varón llamado José, de Arimatea, ciudad de Judea, el cual era miembro del concilio, varón bueno y justo.
51Este, que también esperaba el reino de Dios, y no había consentido en el acuerdo ni en los hechos de ellos,
52fue a Pilato, y pidió el cuerpo de Jesús.
53Y quitándolo, lo envolvió en una sábana, y lo puso en un sepulcro abierto en una peña, en el cual aún no se había puesto a nadie.
54Era día de la preparación, y estaba para comenzar el día de reposo.
55Y las mujeres que habían venido con él desde Galilea, siguieron también, y vieron el sepulcro, y cómo fue puesto su cuerpo.
56Y vueltas, prepararon especias aromáticas y ungüentos; y descansaron el día de reposo, conforme al mandamiento.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 1
I. The whole multitude - It seems most probable that the chief priests, elders, scribes, and captain…
The whole multitude - It seems most probable that the chief priests, elders, scribes, and captains of the temple, together with their servants, dependents, and other persons hired for the purpose, made up the multitude mentioned here. The common people were generally favourers of Christ; and for this reason the Jewish rulers caused him to be apprehended in the night, and in the absence of the people, Luk 22:6, and it was now but just the break of day, Luk 22:66.
II
Versículo 2
II. Perverting the nation - The Greek word διαστρεφοντα, signifies stirring up to disaffection and re…
Perverting the nation - The Greek word διαστρεφοντα, signifies stirring up to disaffection and rebellion. Many MSS. and versions add ἡμων, Our nation. They intimated that he not only preached corrupt doctrine, but that he endeavored to make them disaffected towards the Roman government, for which they now pretended to feel a strong affection!
Several copies of the Itala add, Destroying our law and prophets. Et solventem legem nostram et prophetas.
Forbidding to give tribute to Caesar - These were the falsest slanders that could be invented. The whole of our Lord's conduct disproved them. And his decision in the case of the question about the lawfulness of paying tribute to Caesar, Mat 22:21, was so fully known that we find Pilate paid not the least attention to such evidently malicious and unfounded accusations. Neither Christ nor any of his followers, from that day until now, ever forbade the paying tribute to Caesar; that is, constitutional taxes to a lawful prince.
III
Versículo 4
III. I find no fault in this man - According to Joh 18:36, Joh 18:38, Pilate did not say this till aft…
I find no fault in this man - According to Joh 18:36, Joh 18:38, Pilate did not say this till after our Lord had declared to him that his kingdom was not of this world; and probably not till after he had found, on examining witnesses, (Luk 23:14), that all their evidence amounted to no proof, of his having set up himself for a temporal king. See Bishop Pearce.
IV
Versículo 5
IV. Saying, He stirreth up the people, etc. - In the Codex Colbertinus, a copy of the ancient Itala o…
Saying, He stirreth up the people, etc. - In the Codex Colbertinus, a copy of the ancient Itala or Antehieronymian version, this verse stands thus: He stirreth up the people, beginning from Galilee, and teaching through all Judea unto this place; our wives and our children he hath rendered averse from us, and he is not baptized as we are. As the Jews found that their charge of sedition was deemed frivolous by Pilate, they changed it, and brought a charge equally false and groundless against his doctrine.
V
Versículo 7
V. Herod's jurisdiction - The city of Nazareth, in which Christ had continued till he was thirty yea…
Herod's jurisdiction - The city of Nazareth, in which Christ had continued till he was thirty years of age, and that of Capernaum, in which he principally resided the last years of his life, were both in Lower Galilee, of which Herod Antipas was tetrarch. Pilate was probably glad of this opportunity to pay a little respect to Herod, whom it is likely he had irritated, and with whom he now wished to be friends. See Luk 23:12.
VI
Versículo 10
VI. The chief priests - vehemently accused him - Corrupt priests and teachers are generally the most …
The chief priests - vehemently accused him - Corrupt priests and teachers are generally the most implacable enemies of Christ and his truth. Evil passions betray those who are slaves to them. An affected moderation would have rendered these accusers less suspected, their accusations more probable, and the envy less visible than this vehemence: but envy seldom or never consults prudence: and God permits this to be so for the honor of truth and innocence. Quesnel.
VII
Versículo 11
VII. A gorgeous robe - Εσθητα λαμπραν. It probably means a white robe, for it was the custom of the Je…
A gorgeous robe - Εσθητα λαμπραν. It probably means a white robe, for it was the custom of the Jewish nobility to wear such. Hence, in Rev 3:4, it is said of the saints, They shall walk with me in White (garments), because they are Worthy. In such a robe, Herod, by way of mockery, caused our Lord to be clothed; but, the nobility among the Romans wearing purple for the most part, Pilate's soldiers, who were Romans, put on Jesus a purple robe, Mar 15:17; Joh 19:2; both of them following the custom of their own country, when, by way of mocking our Lord as a king, they clothed him in robes of state. See Bishop Pearce.
VIII
Versículo 12
VIII. Pilate and Herod were made friends - I do not find any account of the cause of the enmity which s…
Pilate and Herod were made friends - I do not find any account of the cause of the enmity which subsisted between Herod and Pilate given by ancient authors; and the conjectures of the moderns on the subject should be considered as mere guesses. It is generally supposed that this enmity arose from what is related Luke 13, of the Galileans, whose blood Pilate hath mingled with that of their sacrifices. These were Herod's subjects, and Pilate seems to have fallen on them at the time they were offering sacrifices to God at the temple. Wicked men cannot love one another: this belongs to the disciples of Christ. But when Christ, his truth, or his followers are to be persecuted, for this purpose the wicked unite their counsels and their influence. The Moabites and Ammonites, who were enemies among themselves, united against poor Israel, and, as Rabbi Tanchum says, may be likened to two contending dogs, who, when the wolf comes, join together to destroy him; each knowing that, if he do not, the wolf will kill both in succession: whereas, by their union, they may now kill or baffle him. There is a proverb among the rabbins, that, when the cat and weasel marry together, misery becomes increased.
IX
Versículo 15
IX. No, nor yet Herod: for I sent you to him - That is, to see whether he could find that Christ had …
No, nor yet Herod: for I sent you to him - That is, to see whether he could find that Christ had ever attempted to raise any disaffection or sedition among the Galileans, among whom he had spent the principal part of his life; and yet Herod has not been able to find out any evil in his conduct. Your own accusations I have fully weighed, and find them to the last degree frivolous.
Instead of ανεπεμψα γαρ ὑμας προς αυτον, for I sent you to him, BHKLM, and many other MSS., with some versions, read ανεπεμψεν γαρ αυτον προς ἡμας, for he hath sent him to us. As if he had said, "Herod hath sent him back to us, which is a sure proof that he hath found no blame in him."
Nothing worthy of death is done unto him - Or rather, nothing worthy of death is committed by him, Πεπραγμενον αυτῳ, not, done unto him. This phrase is of the same sense with ουδεν πεπραχεν αυτος, he hath done nothing, and is frequent in the purest Attic writers. See many examples in Kypke.
X
Versículo 17
X. For of necessity he must release one - That is, he was under the necessity of releasing one at th…
For of necessity he must release one - That is, he was under the necessity of releasing one at this feast. The custom, however it originated, had now been so completely established that Pilate was obliged to attend to it. See on Mat 27:15 (note).
XI
Versículo 18
XI. Away with this man - That is, Put him to death - αιρε τουτον, literally, Take this one away, i.e.…
Away with this man - That is, Put him to death - αιρε τουτον, literally, Take this one away, i.e. to punishment - to death.
XII
Versículo 22
XII. I have found no cause of death in him - I find no crime worthy of death in him. There is nothing …
I have found no cause of death in him - I find no crime worthy of death in him. There is nothing proved against him that can at all justify me in putting him to death, So here our blessed Lord was in the most formal manner justified by his judge. Now as this decision was publicly known, and perhaps registered, it is evident that Christ died as an innocent person, and not as a malefactor. On the fullest conviction of his innocence, his judge pronounced him guiltless, after having patiently heard every thing that the inventive malice of these wicked men could allege against him; and, when he wished to dismiss him, a violent mob took and murdered him.
XIII
Versículo 26
XIII. Simon, a Cyrenian - See on Mat 27:32 (note).
Simon, a Cyrenian - See on Mat 27:32 (note).
XIV
Versículo 27
XIV. Bewailed and lamented him - Εκοπτοντο, Beat their breasts. See on Mat 11:17 (note).
Bewailed and lamented him - Εκοπτοντο, Beat their breasts. See on Mat 11:17 (note).
XV
Versículo 28
XV. Weep not for me - Many pious persons have been greatly distressed in their minds, because they co…
Weep not for me - Many pious persons have been greatly distressed in their minds, because they could not weep on reading or hearing of the sufferings of Christ. For the relief of all such, let it be for ever known that no human spirit can possibly take any part in the passion of the Messiah. His sufferings were such as only God manifested in the flesh could bear; and, as they were all of an expiatory nature, no man can taste of or share in them. Besides, the sufferings of Christ are not a subject of sorrow to any man; but, on the contrary, of eternal rejoicing to the whole of a lost world. Some have even prayed to participate in the sufferings of Christ. The legend of St. Francis and his stigmata is well known. - He is fabled to have received the marks in his hands, feet, and side.
Relative to this point, there are many unwarrantable expressions used by religious people in their prayers and hymns. To give only one instance, how often do we hear these or similar words said or sung: -
"Give me to feel thy agonies!
One drop of thy sad cup afford!"
Reader! one drop of this cup would bear down thy soul to endless ruin; and these agonies would annihilate the universe. He suffered alone: for of the people there was none with him; because his sufferings were to make an atonement for the sins of the world: and in the work of redemption he had no helper.
16
Versículo 30
16. Mountains, fall on us - As this refers to the destruction of Jerusalem, and as the same expressio…
Mountains, fall on us - As this refers to the destruction of Jerusalem, and as the same expressions are used, Rev 6:16, Dr. Lightfoot conjectures that the whole of that chapter may relate to the same event.
17
Versículo 31
17. If they do these things in a green tree - This seems to be a proverbial expression, the sense of …
If they do these things in a green tree - This seems to be a proverbial expression, the sense of which is: If they spare not a tree which, by the beauty of its foliage, abundance and excellence of its fruits, deserves to be preserved, then the tree which is dry and withered will surely be cut down. If an innocent man be put to death in the very face of justice, in opposition to all its dictates and decisions, by a people who profess to be governed and directed by Divine laws, what desolation, injustice, and oppression may not be expected, when anarchy and confusion sit in the place where judgment and justice formerly presided? Our Lord alludes prophetically to those tribulations which fell upon the Jewish people about forty years after. See the notes on Matthew 24:1-51 (note).
18
Versículo 32
18. Two other malefactors - Ἑτεροι δυο κακουργοι, should certainly be translated two others, malefac…
Two other malefactors - Ἑτεροι δυο κακουργοι, should certainly be translated two others, malefactors, as in the Bibles published by the King's printer, Edinburgh. As it now stands in the text, it seems to intimate that our blessed Lord was also a malefactor.
19
Versículo 33
19. The place - called Calvary - See on Mat 27:33 (note).
The place - called Calvary - See on Mat 27:33 (note).
They crucified him - See the nature of this punishment explained Mat 27:35 (note).
20
Versículo 34
20. They know not what they do - If ignorance do not excuse a crime, it at least diminishes the atroc…
They know not what they do - If ignorance do not excuse a crime, it at least diminishes the atrocity of it. However, these persons well knew that they were crucifying an innocent man; but they did not know that, by this act of theirs, they were bringing down on themselves and on their country the heaviest judgments of God. In the prayer, Father, forgive them! that word of prophecy was fulfilled, He made intercession for the transgressors, Isa 53:12.
21
Versículo 35
21. Derided him - Treated him with the utmost contempt, εξεμυκτηριζον, in the most infamous manner. S…
Derided him - Treated him with the utmost contempt, εξεμυκτηριζον, in the most infamous manner. See the meaning of this word explained, Luk 16:14 (note).
22
Versículo 36
22. Offering him vinegar - See on Mat 27:34 (note). Vinegar or small sour wine, was a common drink of…
Offering him vinegar - See on Mat 27:34 (note). Vinegar or small sour wine, was a common drink of the Roman soldiers; and it is supposed that wherever they were on duty they had a vessel of this liquor standing by. It appears that at least two cups were given to our Lord; one before he was nailed to the cross, viz. of wine mingled with myrrh, and another of vinegar, while he hung on the cross. Some think there were three cups: One of wine mixed with myrrh; the Second, of vinegar mingled with gall; and the Third, of simple vinegar. Allow these three cups, and the different expressions in all the evangelists will be included. See Lightfoot.
23
Versículo 38
23. A superscription - See Mat 27:37.
A superscription - See Mat 27:37.
In letters of Greek, and Latin and Hebrew - The inscription was written in all these languages, which were the most common, that all might see the reason why he was put to death. The inscription was written in Greek, on account of the Hellenistic Jews, who were then at Jerusalem because of the passover; it was written in Latin, that being the language of the government under which he was crucified; and it was written in Hebrew, that being the language of the place in which this deed of darkness was committed. But, by the good providence of God, the inscription itself exculpated him, and proved the Jews to be rebels against, and murderers of, their king. See the note on Mat 27:37. It is not to be wondered at that they wished Pilate to alter this inscription, Joh 19:21, as it was a record of their infamy.
24
Versículo 39
24. One of the malefactors which were hanged - It is likely that the two robbers were not nailed to t…
One of the malefactors which were hanged - It is likely that the two robbers were not nailed to their crosses, but only tied to them by cords, and thus they are represented in ancient paintings. If not nailed, they could not have suffered much, and therefore they were found still alive when the soldiers came to give the coup de grace, which put a speedy end to their lives. Joh 19:31-33.
25
Versículo 40
25. Dost not thou fear God - The sufferings of this person had been sanctified to him, so that his he…
Dost not thou fear God - The sufferings of this person had been sanctified to him, so that his heart was open to receive help from the hand of the Lord: he is a genuine penitent, and gives the fullest proof he can give of it, viz. the acknowledgment of the justice of his sentence. He had sinned, and he acknowledges his sin; his heart believes unto righteousness, and with his tongue he makes confession unto salvation. While he condemns himself he bears testimony that Jesus was innocent. Bishop Pearce supposes that these were not robbers in the common sense of the word, but Jews who took up arms on the principle that the Romans were not to be submitted to, and that their levies of tribute money were oppressive; and therefore they made no scruple to rob all the Romans they met with. These Jews Josephus calls λῃσται, robbers, the same term used by the evangelists. This opinion gains some strength from the penitent thief's confession: We receive the reward of our deeds - we rose up against the government, and committed depredations in the country; but this man hath done nothing amiss - ατοπον, out of place, disorderly, - nothing calculated to raise sedition or insurrection; nor inconsistent with his declarations of peace and good will towards all men, nor with the nature of that spiritual kingdom which he came to establish among men; though he is now crucified under the pretense of disaffection to the Roman government.
26
Versículo 42
26. Lord, remember me, etc. - It is worthy of remark, that this man appears to have been the first wh…
Lord, remember me, etc. - It is worthy of remark, that this man appears to have been the first who believed in the intercession of Christ.
27
Versículo 43
27. To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise - Marcion and the Manichees are reported to have left th…
To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise - Marcion and the Manichees are reported to have left this verse out of their copies of this evangelist. This saying of our Lord is justly considered as a strong proof of the immateriality of the soul; and it is no wonder that those who have embraced the contrary opinion should endeavor to explain away this meaning. In order to do this, a comma is placed after σημερον, to-day, and then our Lord is supposed to have meant, "Thou shalt be with me after the resurrection I tell thee this, To-Day." I am sorry to find men of great learning and abilities attempting to support this most feeble and worthless criticism. Such support a good cause cannot need; and, in my opinion, even a bad cause must be discredited by it.
In paradise. The garden of Eden, mentioned Gen 2:8, is also called, from the Septuagint, the garden of Paradise. The word עדן Eden, signifies pleasure and delight. Several places were thus called; see Gen 4:16; Kg2 19:12; Isa 37:12; Eze 27:23; and Amo 1:5; and such places probably had this name from their fertility, pleasant situation, etc., etc. In this light the Septuagint have viewed Gen 2:8. as they render the passage thus: εφυτευσεν ὁ Θεος παραδεισον εν Εδεμ, God planted a paradise in Eden. Hence the word has been transplanted into the New Testament; and is used to signify a place of exquisite pleasure and delight. From this the ancient heathens borrowed their ideas of the gardens of the Hesperides, where the trees bore golden fruit; and the gardens of Adonis, a word which is evidently derived from the Hebrew עדן Eden: and hence the origin of sacred groves, gardens, and other enclosures dedicated to purposes of devotion, some comparatively innocent, others impure. The word paradise is not Greek, but is of Asiatic origin. In Arabic and Persian it signifies a garden, a vineyard, and also the place of the blessed. In the Kushuf ul Loghat, a very celebrated Persian dictionary, the Jenet al Ferdoos, Garden of Paradise, is said to have been "created by God out of light, and that the prophets and wise men ascend thither."
Paradise was, in the beginning, the habitation of man in his state of innocence, in which he enjoyed that presence of his Maker which constituted his supreme happiness. Our Lord's words intimate that this penitent should be immediately taken to the abode of the spirits of the just, where he should enjoy the presence and approbation of the Most High. In the Institutes of Menu, chap. Oeconomics, Inst. 243, are the following words: "A man habitually pious, whose offenses have been expiated, is instantly conveyed, after death, to the higher world, with a radiant form, and a body of ethereal substance." The state of the blessed is certainly what our Lord here means: in what the locality of that state consists we know not. The Jews share a multitude of fables on the subject.
28
Versículo 44
28. Darkness over all the earth - See the note on Mat 27:45. The darkness began at the sixth hour, ab…
Darkness over all the earth - See the note on Mat 27:45. The darkness began at the sixth hour, about our twelve o'clock at noon, and lasted till the ninth hour, which answered to our three o'clock in the afternoon.
29
Versículo 45
29. The sun was darkened - See an examination of the accounts of Phlegon, Thallus, and Dionysius, on …
The sun was darkened - See an examination of the accounts of Phlegon, Thallus, and Dionysius, on Mat 27:45 (note).
The veil - was rent - See Mat 27:51.
30
Versículo 46
30. Into thy hands I commend my spirit - Or, I will commit my spirit - I deposit my soul in thy hands…
Into thy hands I commend my spirit - Or, I will commit my spirit - I deposit my soul in thy hands. Another proof of the immateriality of the soul, and of its separate existence when the body is dead.
31
Versículo 48
31. And all the people - All were deeply affected except the priests, and those whom they had employe…
And all the people - All were deeply affected except the priests, and those whom they had employed to serve their base purposes. The darkness, earthquake, etc., had brought terror and consternation into every heart. How dreadful is the state of those who, in consequence of their long opposition to the grace and truth of God, are at last given up to a reprobate mind!
32
Versículo 50
32. Joseph of Arimathea - See the notes on Mat 27:57-60 (note), and those especially on Mar 15:43 (no…
Joseph of Arimathea - See the notes on Mat 27:57-60 (note), and those especially on Mar 15:43 (note).
33
Versículo 54
33. And the Sabbath drew on - Or, The Sabbath was lighting up, επεφωσκε, i.e. with the candles which …
And the Sabbath drew on - Or, The Sabbath was lighting up, επεφωσκε, i.e. with the candles which the Jews light just before six in the evening, when the Sabbath commences. The same word is used for the dawning of the day, Mat 28:1. Wakefield. The Jews always lighted up candles on the Sabbath; and it was a solemn precept that, "if a man had not bread to eat, he must beg from door to door to get a little oil to set up his Sabbath light." The night of the Sabbath drew on, which the Jews were accustomed to call the light. See Lightfoot.
34
Versículo 55
34. The women also, which came - These were Mary of Magdala, Joanna, and Mary the mother of James, Lu…
The women also, which came - These were Mary of Magdala, Joanna, and Mary the mother of James, Luk 24:10. To these three, Mark, in Mar 16:1, adds, Salome; but some think that this was only a surname of one of these Marys.
35
Versículo 56
35. Prepared spices and ointments - This was in order to embalm him; which sufficiently proves that t…
Prepared spices and ointments - This was in order to embalm him; which sufficiently proves that they had no hope of his resurrection the third day.
And rested the Sabbath day - For though the Jewish canons allowed all works, necessary for the dead, to be done, even on the Sabbath, such as washing and anointing, provided they moved not a limb of the dead person, yet, as the Jews had put Christ to death under the pretense of his being a malefactor, it would not have been either prudent or safe to appear too forward in the present business; and therefore they rested on the Sabbath.
Certain copies of the Itala have some remarkable additions in these concluding verses. The conclusion of the 48th verse, in one of them, is read thus: Beating their breasts and their foreheads, and saying, Wo to us because of what is done this day, on account of our sins; for the desolation of Jerusalem is at hand. To Luk 23:52, another adds: And when Pilate heard that he was dead, he glorified God and gave the body to Joseph. On the circumstances of the crucifixion, see the observations at the end of Matthew 27 (note), and consider how heinous sin must be in the sight of God, when it required such a sacrifice!
Nuevo Testamento
Luke — Capítulo 23
Christ is led to Pilate, and accused by the Jews, Luk 23:1, Luk 23:2. Pilate examines, and pronounces him innocent, Luk 23:3, Luk 23:4. The Jews virulently accuse him, Luk 23:5. Pilate, understanding that he was of Ga…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Levantándose entonces toda la muchedumbre de ellos, llevaron a Jesús a Pilato.
2Y comenzaron a acusarle, diciendo: A este hemos hallado que pervierte a la nación, y que prohíbe dar tributo a César, diciendo que él mismo es el Cristo, un rey.
3Entonces Pilato le preguntó, diciendo: ¿Eres tú el Rey de los judíos? Y respondiéndole él, dijo: Tú lo dices.
4Y Pilato dijo a los principales sacerdotes, y a la gente: Ningún delito hallo en este hombre.
5Pero ellos porfiaban, diciendo: Alborota al pueblo, enseñando por toda Judea, comenzando desde Galilea hasta aquí.
6Entonces Pilato, oyendo decir, Galilea, preguntó si el hombre era galileo.
7Y al saber que era de la jurisdicción de Herodes, le remitió a Herodes, que en aquellos días también estaba en Jerusalén.
8Herodes, viendo a Jesús, se alegró mucho, porque hacía tiempo que deseaba verle; porque había oído muchas cosas acerca de él, y esperaba verle hacer alguna señal.
9Y le hacía muchas preguntas, pero él nada le respondió.
10Y estaban los principales sacerdotes y los escribas acusándole con gran vehemencia.
11Entonces Herodes con sus soldados le menospreció y escarneció, vistiéndole de una ropa espléndida; y volvió a enviarle a Pilato.
12Y se hicieron amigos Pilato y Herodes aquel día; porque antes estaban enemistados entre sí.
13Entonces Pilato, convocando a los principales sacerdotes, a los gobernantes, y al pueblo,
14les dijo: Me habéis presentado a este como un hombre que perturba al pueblo; pero habiéndole interrogado yo delante de vosotros, no he hallado en este hombre delito alguno de aquellos de que le acusáis.
15Y ni aun Herodes, porque os remití a él; y he aquí, nada digno de muerte ha hecho este hombre.
16Le soltaré, pues, después de castigarle.
17Y tenía necesidad de soltarles uno en cada fiesta.
18Mas toda la multitud dio voces a una, diciendo: ¡Fuera con este, y suéltanos a Barrabás!
19Este había sido echado en la cárcel por sedición en la ciudad, y por un homicidio.
20Les habló otra vez Pilato, queriendo soltar a Jesús;
21pero ellos volvieron a dar voces, diciendo: ¡Crucifícale, crucifícale!
22Él les dijo por tercera vez: ¿Pues qué mal ha hecho este? Ningún delito digno de muerte he hallado en él; le castigaré, pues, y le soltaré.
23Mas ellos instaban a grandes voces, pidiendo que fuese crucificado. Y las voces de ellos y de los principales sacerdotes prevalecieron.
24Entonces Pilato sentenció que se hiciese lo que ellos pedían;
25y les soltó a aquel que había sido echado en la cárcel por sedición y homicidio, a quien habían pedido; y entregó a Jesús a la voluntad de ellos.
26Y llevándole, tomaron a cierto Simón de Cirene, que venía del campo, y le pusieron encima la cruz para que la llevase tras Jesús.
27Y le seguía gran multitud del pueblo, y de mujeres que lloraban y hacían lamentación por él.
28Pero Jesús, vuelto hacia ellas, les dijo: Hijas de Jerusalén, no lloréis por mí, sino llorad por vosotras mismas y por vuestros hijos.
29Porque he aquí vendrán días en que dirán: Bienaventuradas las estériles, y los vientres que no concibieron, y los pechos que no criaron.
30Entonces comenzarán a decir a los montes: Caed sobre nosotros; y a los collados: Cubridnos.
31Porque si en el árbol verde hacen estas cosas, ¿en el seco, qué no se hará?
32Llevaban también con él a otros dos, que eran malhechores, para ser muertos.
33Y cuando llegaron al lugar llamado de la Calavera, le crucificaron allí, y a los malhechores, uno a la derecha y otro a la izquierda.
34Y Jesús decía: Padre, perdónalos, porque no saben lo que hacen. Y repartieron entre sí sus vestidos, echando suertes.
35Y el pueblo estaba mirando; y aun los gobernantes se burlaban de él, diciendo: A otros salvó; sálvese a sí mismo, si este es el Cristo, el escogido de Dios.
36Los soldados también le escarnecían, acercándose y presentándole vinagre,
37y diciendo: Si tú eres el Rey de los judíos, sálvate a ti mismo.
38Había también sobre él un título escrito con letras griegas, latinas y hebreas: ESTE ES EL REY DE LOS JUDÍOS.
39Y uno de los malhechores que estaban colgados le injuriaba, diciendo: Si tú eres el Cristo, sálvate a ti mismo y a nosotros.
40Respondiendo el otro, le reprendió, diciendo: ¿Ni aun temes tú a Dios, estando en la misma condenación?
41Nosotros, a la verdad, justamente padecemos, porque recibimos lo que merecieron nuestros hechos; mas este ningún mal hizo.
42Y dijo a Jesús: Acuérdate de mí cuando vengas en tu reino.
43Entonces Jesús le dijo: De cierto te digo que hoy estarás conmigo en el paraíso.
44Cuando era como la hora sexta, hubo tinieblas sobre toda la tierra hasta la hora novena.
45Y el sol se oscureció, y el velo del templo se rasgó por la mitad.
46Entonces Jesús, clamando a gran voz, dijo: Padre, en tus manos encomiendo mi espíritu. Y habiendo dicho esto, expiró.
47Cuando el centurión vio lo que había acontecido, dio gloria a Dios, diciendo: Verdaderamente este hombre era justo.
48Y toda la multitud de los que estaban presentes en este espectáculo, viendo lo que había acontecido, se volvían golpeándose el pecho.
49Pero todos sus conocidos, y las mujeres que le habían seguido desde Galilea, estaban lejos mirando estas cosas.
50Había un varón llamado José, de Arimatea, ciudad de Judea, el cual era miembro del concilio, varón bueno y justo.
51Este, que también esperaba el reino de Dios, y no había consentido en el acuerdo ni en los hechos de ellos,
52fue a Pilato, y pidió el cuerpo de Jesús.
53Y quitándolo, lo envolvió en una sábana, y lo puso en un sepulcro abierto en una peña, en el cual aún no se había puesto a nadie.
54Era día de la preparación, y estaba para comenzar el día de reposo.
55Y las mujeres que habían venido con él desde Galilea, siguieron también, y vieron el sepulcro, y cómo fue puesto su cuerpo.
56Y vueltas, prepararon especias aromáticas y ungüentos; y descansaron el día de reposo, conforme al mandamiento.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 1
I. The whole multitude - It seems most probable that the chief priests, elders, scribes, and captain…
Versículo 2
II. Perverting the nation - The Greek word διαστρεφοντα, signifies stirring up to disaffection and re…
Versículo 4
III. I find no fault in this man - According to Joh 18:36, Joh 18:38, Pilate did not say this till aft…
Versículo 5
IV. Saying, He stirreth up the people, etc. - In the Codex Colbertinus, a copy of the ancient Itala o…
Versículo 7
V. Herod's jurisdiction - The city of Nazareth, in which Christ had continued till he was thirty yea…
Versículo 10
VI. The chief priests - vehemently accused him - Corrupt priests and teachers are generally the most …
Versículo 11
VII. A gorgeous robe - Εσθητα λαμπραν. It probably means a white robe, for it was the custom of the Je…
Versículo 12
VIII. Pilate and Herod were made friends - I do not find any account of the cause of the enmity which s…
Versículo 15
IX. No, nor yet Herod: for I sent you to him - That is, to see whether he could find that Christ had …
Versículo 17
X. For of necessity he must release one - That is, he was under the necessity of releasing one at th…
Versículo 18
XI. Away with this man - That is, Put him to death - αιρε τουτον, literally, Take this one away, i.e.…
Versículo 22
XII. I have found no cause of death in him - I find no crime worthy of death in him. There is nothing …
Versículo 26
XIII. Simon, a Cyrenian - See on Mat 27:32 (note).
Versículo 27
XIV. Bewailed and lamented him - Εκοπτοντο, Beat their breasts. See on Mat 11:17 (note).
Versículo 28
XV. Weep not for me - Many pious persons have been greatly distressed in their minds, because they co…
Versículo 30
16. Mountains, fall on us - As this refers to the destruction of Jerusalem, and as the same expressio…
Versículo 31
17. If they do these things in a green tree - This seems to be a proverbial expression, the sense of …
Versículo 32
18. Two other malefactors - Ἑτεροι δυο κακουργοι, should certainly be translated two others, malefac…
Versículo 33
19. The place - called Calvary - See on Mat 27:33 (note).
Versículo 34
20. They know not what they do - If ignorance do not excuse a crime, it at least diminishes the atroc…
Versículo 35
21. Derided him - Treated him with the utmost contempt, εξεμυκτηριζον, in the most infamous manner. S…
Versículo 36
22. Offering him vinegar - See on Mat 27:34 (note). Vinegar or small sour wine, was a common drink of…
Versículo 38
23. A superscription - See Mat 27:37.
Versículo 39
24. One of the malefactors which were hanged - It is likely that the two robbers were not nailed to t…
Versículo 40
25. Dost not thou fear God - The sufferings of this person had been sanctified to him, so that his he…
Versículo 42
26. Lord, remember me, etc. - It is worthy of remark, that this man appears to have been the first wh…
Versículo 43
27. To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise - Marcion and the Manichees are reported to have left th…
Versículo 44
28. Darkness over all the earth - See the note on Mat 27:45. The darkness began at the sixth hour, ab…
Versículo 45
29. The sun was darkened - See an examination of the accounts of Phlegon, Thallus, and Dionysius, on …
Versículo 46
30. Into thy hands I commend my spirit - Or, I will commit my spirit - I deposit my soul in thy hands…
Versículo 48
31. And all the people - All were deeply affected except the priests, and those whom they had employe…
Versículo 50
32. Joseph of Arimathea - See the notes on Mat 27:57-60 (note), and those especially on Mar 15:43 (no…
Versículo 54
33. And the Sabbath drew on - Or, The Sabbath was lighting up, επεφωσκε, i.e. with the candles which …
Versículo 55
34. The women also, which came - These were Mary of Magdala, Joanna, and Mary the mother of James, Lu…
Versículo 56
35. Prepared spices and ointments - This was in order to embalm him; which sufficiently proves that t…