The present deplorable sate of the nation is now contrasted with its ancient prosperity, Lam 4:1-12; and the unhappy change ascribed, in a great degree, to the profligacy of the priests and prophets, Lam 4:13-16. The …
1¡Cómo se ha ennegrecido el oro! ¡Cómo el buen oro ha perdido su brillo! Las piedras del santuario están esparcidas por las encrucijadas de todas las calles.
2Los hijos de Sion, preciados y estimados más que el oro puro, ¡Cómo son tenidos por vasijas de barro, obra de manos de alfarero!
3Aun los chacales dan la teta, y amamantan a sus cachorros; La hija de mi pueblo es cruel como los avestruces en el desierto.
4La lengua del niño de pecho se pegó a su paladar por la sed; Los pequeñuelos pidieron pan, y no hubo quien se lo repartiese.
5Los que comían delicadamente fueron asolados en las calles; Los que se criaron entre púrpura se abrazaron a los estercoleros.
6Porque se aumentó la iniquidad de la hija de mi pueblo más que el pecado de Sodoma, Que fue destruida en un momento, sin que acamparan contra ella compañías.
7Sus nobles fueron más puros que la nieve, más blancos que la leche; Más rubios eran sus cuerpos que el coral, su talle más hermoso que el zafiro.
8Oscuro más que la negrura es su aspecto; no los conocen por las calles; Su piel está pegada a sus huesos, seca como un palo.
9Más dichosos fueron los muertos a espada que los muertos por el hambre; Porque estos murieron poco a poco por falta de los frutos de la tierra.
10Las manos de mujeres piadosas cocieron a sus hijos; Sus propios hijos les sirvieron de comida en el día del quebrantamiento de la hija de mi pueblo.
11Cumplió Jehová su enojo, derramó el ardor de su ira; Y encendió en Sion fuego que consumió hasta sus cimientos.
12Nunca los reyes de la tierra, ni todos los que habitan en el mundo, Creyeron que el enemigo y el adversario entrara por las puertas de Jerusalén.
13Es por causa de los pecados de sus profetas, y las maldades de sus sacerdotes, Quienes derramaron en medio de ella la sangre de los justos.
14Titubearon como ciegos en las calles, fueron contaminados con sangre, De modo que no pudiesen tocarse sus vestiduras.
15¡Apartaos! ¡Inmundos! les gritaban; ¡Apartaos, apartaos, no toquéis! Huyeron y fueron dispersados; se dijo entre las naciones: Nunca más morarán aquí.
16La ira de Jehová los apartó, no los mirará más; No respetaron la presencia de los sacerdotes, ni tuvieron compasión de los viejos.
17Aun han desfallecido nuestros ojos esperando en vano nuestro socorro; En nuestra esperanza aguardamos a una nación que no puede salvar.
18Cazaron nuestros pasos, para que no anduviésemos por nuestras calles; Se acercó nuestro fin, se cumplieron nuestros días; porque llegó nuestro fin.
19Ligeros fueron nuestros perseguidores más que las águilas del cielo; Sobre los montes nos persiguieron, en el desierto nos pusieron emboscadas.
20El aliento de nuestras vidas, el ungido de Jehová, De quien habíamos dicho: A su sombra tendremos vida entre las naciones, fue apresado en sus lazos.
21Gózate y alégrate, hija de Edom, la que habitas en tierra de Uz; Aun hasta ti llegará la copa; te embriagarás, y vomitarás.
22Se ha cumplido tu castigo, oh hija de Sion; Nunca más te hará llevar cautiva. Castigará tu iniquidad, oh hija de Edom; Descubrirá tus pecados.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 1
I. How is the gold become dim - The prophet contrasts, in various affecting instances, the wretched …
How is the gold become dim - The prophet contrasts, in various affecting instances, the wretched circumstances of the Jewish nation, with the flourishing state of their affairs in former times. Here they are compared to gold, זהב zahab, native gold from the mine, which, contrary to its nature, is become dim, is tarnished; and even the fine, the sterling gold, כתם kethem, that which was stamped to make it current, is changed or adulterated, so as to be no longer passable. This might be applied to the temple, but particularly to the fallen priests and apostate prophets.
The stones of the sanctuary - אבני קדש abney kodesh, the holy stones; the Jewish godly men, who were even then the living stones of which God built his Church.
II
Versículo 2
II. The precious sons of Zion - The Jewish priests and Jewish believers.
The precious sons of Zion - The Jewish priests and Jewish believers.
Comparable to fine gold - Who were of the pure standard of holiness; holy, because God who called them is holy; but now esteemed no better than earthen pitchers - vessels of dishonor in comparison of what they once were.
III
Versículo 3
III. Even the sea monsters draw out the breast - The whales give suck to their young ones. The word תנ…
Even the sea monsters draw out the breast - The whales give suck to their young ones. The word תנין tannin, signifies all large and cruel creatures, whether aquatic or terrestrial; and need not here be restrained to the former sort. My Old MS. Bible translates curiously: Not and the cruel bestis that ben clepid Lamya, and thei nakeden ther tetis, geve ther whelpis souken.
Like the ostriches in the wilderness - For her carelessness about her eggs, and her inattention to her young, the ostrich is proverbial.
IV
Versículo 4
IV. The tongue of the sucking child - See the note on Lam 2:12 (note).
The tongue of the sucking child - See the note on Lam 2:12 (note).
V
Versículo 5
V. Embrace dunghills - Lie on straw or rubbish, instead of the costly carpets and sofas on which the…
Embrace dunghills - Lie on straw or rubbish, instead of the costly carpets and sofas on which they formerly stretched themselves.
VI
Versículo 6
VI. For the punishment - He thinks the punishment of Jerusalem far greater than that of Sodom. That w…
For the punishment - He thinks the punishment of Jerusalem far greater than that of Sodom. That was destroyed in a moment while all her inhabitants were in health and strength; Jerusalem fell by the most lingering calamities; her men partly destroyed by the sword, and partly by the famine.
Instead of no hands stayed on her, Blayney translates, "Nor were hands weakened in her." Perhaps the meaning is, "Sodom was destroyed in a moment without any human labor." It was a judgment from God himself: so the sacred text: "The Lord rained down fire and brimstone from the Lord out of heaven." See Gen 19:24.
VII
Versículo 7
VII. Her Nazarites were purer than snow - נזיר nazir does not always signify a person separated under …
Her Nazarites were purer than snow - נזיר nazir does not always signify a person separated under a religious vow; it sometimes denotes what is chief or eminent. It is applied to Joseph, Gen 49:26.
Blayney therefore translates here, Her Nobles.
"Her nobles were purer than snow, they were whiter than milk;
They were ruddier on the bone than rubies; their veining was the sapphires."
On which he remarks: - "In the first line the whiteness of their skin is described, and in the second, their flesh;" and as גזר gazar signifies to divide and intersect, as the blue veins do on the surface of the body, these are without doubt intended.
Milk will most certainly well apply to the whiteness of the skin; the beautiful ruby to the ruddiness of the flesh; and the sapphire, in its clear transcendent purple, to the veins in a fine complexion. The reverse of this state, as described in the following verse, needs no explanation. The face was a dismal dark brown, the flesh gone, the skin shrivelled, and apparently wrapped round the bones.
VIII
Versículo 10
VIII. The hands of the pitiful women have sodden their own children - See on Lam 2:20 (note). But here …
The hands of the pitiful women have sodden their own children - See on Lam 2:20 (note). But here there is a reference to mothers eating their own children; and this was done, not by mothers cruel and brutal, but by נשים רחמניות nashim rachmaniyoth, the compassionate, the tender-hearted mothers. From these horrible scenes it is well to pass with as hasty a step as possible.
IX
Versículo 12
IX. The kings of the earth - Jerusalem was so well fortified, both by nature and art, that it appeare…
The kings of the earth - Jerusalem was so well fortified, both by nature and art, that it appeared as a miracle that it should be taken at all.
X
Versículo 13
X. For the sins of her prophets, and the iniquities of her priests - These most wretched beings, und…
For the sins of her prophets, and the iniquities of her priests - These most wretched beings, under the pretense of zeal for the true religion, persecuted the genuine prophets, priests, and people of God, and caused their blood to be shed in the midst of the city, in the most open and public manner; exactly as the murderous priests, and blood-thirsty preachers, under the reign of bloody Queen Mary, did in England. However, the profligate priests and idolatrous prophets in Jerusalem, only shed the blood of the saints of God there: but the sanguinary papists, in the above reign, burnt the blood here, for they burnt the people alive; and at the same time, in their worse than Molochean cruelty, consigned, with all the fervor peculiar to their then ruthless Church, the souls of those whom they thus massacred, to the bitter pains of eternal death! O earth, cover not thou their blood!
XI
Versículo 14
XI. They have wandered as blind men in the streets - Rather, "They ran frantic through the streets, t…
They have wandered as blind men in the streets - Rather, "They ran frantic through the streets, they were stained with blood." This was in their pretended zeal for their cause. Bishop Bonner, who was at the head of those sanguinary executions in England, was accustomed to buffet the poor Protestants, when on their examinations they were too powerful for him in argument: -
"He proved his doctrine orthodox,
By apostolic blows and knocks."
Just as his elder brethren, the false priests and prophets of Jerusalem.
XII
Versículo 15
XII. When they fled away - These priests and prophets were so bad, that the very heathen did not like …
When they fled away - These priests and prophets were so bad, that the very heathen did not like to permit them to sojourn among them. The prophet now resumes the history of the siege.
XIII
Versículo 17
XIII. We have watched for a nation - Viz., the Egyptians, who were their pretended allies, but were nei…
We have watched for a nation - Viz., the Egyptians, who were their pretended allies, but were neither able nor wilting to help them against the Chaldeans.
XIV
Versículo 18
XIV. We cannot go in our streets - Supposed to refer to the darts and other missiles cast from the mou…
We cannot go in our streets - Supposed to refer to the darts and other missiles cast from the mounds which they had raised on the outside of the walls, by which those who walked in the streets were grievously annoyed, and could not shield themselves.
XV
Versículo 19
XV. They pursued us upon the mountains - They hunted down the poor Jews like wild beasts in every par…
They pursued us upon the mountains - They hunted down the poor Jews like wild beasts in every part of the country by their marauding parties, whilst the great army besieged Jerusalem. But this may apply to the pursuit of Zedekiah. See what follows.
16
Versículo 20
16. The breath of our nostrils, the anointed of the Lord - That is, Zedekiah the king, who was as the…
The breath of our nostrils, the anointed of the Lord - That is, Zedekiah the king, who was as the life or the city, was taken in his flight by the Chaldeans, and his eyes were put out; so that he was wholly unfit to perform any function of government; though they had fondly hoped that if they surrendered and should be led captives, yet they should be permitted to live under their own laws and king in the land of their bondage.
17
Versículo 21
17. Rejoice and be Lad, O daughter of Edom - A strong irony.
Rejoice and be Lad, O daughter of Edom - A strong irony.
The cup also shall pass through unto thee - Thou who hast triumphed in our disasters shalt shortly have enough of thy own. They had joined themselves to the Chaldeans, (see Psa 137:7), and therefore they should share in the desolations of Babylon.
18
Versículo 22
18. The punishment of thine iniquity is accomplished, O daughter of Zion - On the contrary: Rejoice, …
The punishment of thine iniquity is accomplished, O daughter of Zion - On the contrary: Rejoice, O Jerusalem, for thy captivity will soon end; thy sufferings are nearly completed; thou shalt soon return to thy own land: but he will visit thy iniquity, O Edom; he will discover thy sins. When sin is pardoned it is said to be covered: here, God says he will not cover the sins of Edom - he will not pardon them; they shall drink the cup of wrath.
The promise in this last verse may refer to Jerusalem under the Gospel. When they receive Christ crucified, they shall be gathered from all nations, become one with the Church among the Gentiles, be one flock under one and the same Shepherd, and shall be carried no more into captivity.
Antiguo Testamento
Lamentations — Capítulo 4
The present deplorable sate of the nation is now contrasted with its ancient prosperity, Lam 4:1-12; and the unhappy change ascribed, in a great degree, to the profligacy of the priests and prophets, Lam 4:13-16. The …
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1¡Cómo se ha ennegrecido el oro! ¡Cómo el buen oro ha perdido su brillo! Las piedras del santuario están esparcidas por las encrucijadas de todas las calles.
2Los hijos de Sion, preciados y estimados más que el oro puro, ¡Cómo son tenidos por vasijas de barro, obra de manos de alfarero!
3Aun los chacales dan la teta, y amamantan a sus cachorros; La hija de mi pueblo es cruel como los avestruces en el desierto.
4La lengua del niño de pecho se pegó a su paladar por la sed; Los pequeñuelos pidieron pan, y no hubo quien se lo repartiese.
5Los que comían delicadamente fueron asolados en las calles; Los que se criaron entre púrpura se abrazaron a los estercoleros.
6Porque se aumentó la iniquidad de la hija de mi pueblo más que el pecado de Sodoma, Que fue destruida en un momento, sin que acamparan contra ella compañías.
7Sus nobles fueron más puros que la nieve, más blancos que la leche; Más rubios eran sus cuerpos que el coral, su talle más hermoso que el zafiro.
8Oscuro más que la negrura es su aspecto; no los conocen por las calles; Su piel está pegada a sus huesos, seca como un palo.
9Más dichosos fueron los muertos a espada que los muertos por el hambre; Porque estos murieron poco a poco por falta de los frutos de la tierra.
10Las manos de mujeres piadosas cocieron a sus hijos; Sus propios hijos les sirvieron de comida en el día del quebrantamiento de la hija de mi pueblo.
11Cumplió Jehová su enojo, derramó el ardor de su ira; Y encendió en Sion fuego que consumió hasta sus cimientos.
12Nunca los reyes de la tierra, ni todos los que habitan en el mundo, Creyeron que el enemigo y el adversario entrara por las puertas de Jerusalén.
13Es por causa de los pecados de sus profetas, y las maldades de sus sacerdotes, Quienes derramaron en medio de ella la sangre de los justos.
14Titubearon como ciegos en las calles, fueron contaminados con sangre, De modo que no pudiesen tocarse sus vestiduras.
15¡Apartaos! ¡Inmundos! les gritaban; ¡Apartaos, apartaos, no toquéis! Huyeron y fueron dispersados; se dijo entre las naciones: Nunca más morarán aquí.
16La ira de Jehová los apartó, no los mirará más; No respetaron la presencia de los sacerdotes, ni tuvieron compasión de los viejos.
17Aun han desfallecido nuestros ojos esperando en vano nuestro socorro; En nuestra esperanza aguardamos a una nación que no puede salvar.
18Cazaron nuestros pasos, para que no anduviésemos por nuestras calles; Se acercó nuestro fin, se cumplieron nuestros días; porque llegó nuestro fin.
19Ligeros fueron nuestros perseguidores más que las águilas del cielo; Sobre los montes nos persiguieron, en el desierto nos pusieron emboscadas.
20El aliento de nuestras vidas, el ungido de Jehová, De quien habíamos dicho: A su sombra tendremos vida entre las naciones, fue apresado en sus lazos.
21Gózate y alégrate, hija de Edom, la que habitas en tierra de Uz; Aun hasta ti llegará la copa; te embriagarás, y vomitarás.
22Se ha cumplido tu castigo, oh hija de Sion; Nunca más te hará llevar cautiva. Castigará tu iniquidad, oh hija de Edom; Descubrirá tus pecados.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 1
I. How is the gold become dim - The prophet contrasts, in various affecting instances, the wretched …
Versículo 2
II. The precious sons of Zion - The Jewish priests and Jewish believers.
Versículo 3
III. Even the sea monsters draw out the breast - The whales give suck to their young ones. The word תנ…
Versículo 4
IV. The tongue of the sucking child - See the note on Lam 2:12 (note).
Versículo 5
V. Embrace dunghills - Lie on straw or rubbish, instead of the costly carpets and sofas on which the…
Versículo 6
VI. For the punishment - He thinks the punishment of Jerusalem far greater than that of Sodom. That w…
Versículo 7
VII. Her Nazarites were purer than snow - נזיר nazir does not always signify a person separated under …
Versículo 10
VIII. The hands of the pitiful women have sodden their own children - See on Lam 2:20 (note). But here …
Versículo 12
IX. The kings of the earth - Jerusalem was so well fortified, both by nature and art, that it appeare…
Versículo 13
X. For the sins of her prophets, and the iniquities of her priests - These most wretched beings, und…
Versículo 14
XI. They have wandered as blind men in the streets - Rather, "They ran frantic through the streets, t…
Versículo 15
XII. When they fled away - These priests and prophets were so bad, that the very heathen did not like …
Versículo 17
XIII. We have watched for a nation - Viz., the Egyptians, who were their pretended allies, but were nei…
Versículo 18
XIV. We cannot go in our streets - Supposed to refer to the darts and other missiles cast from the mou…
Versículo 19
XV. They pursued us upon the mountains - They hunted down the poor Jews like wild beasts in every par…
Versículo 20
16. The breath of our nostrils, the anointed of the Lord - That is, Zedekiah the king, who was as the…
Versículo 21
17. Rejoice and be Lad, O daughter of Edom - A strong irony.
Versículo 22
18. The punishment of thine iniquity is accomplished, O daughter of Zion - On the contrary: Rejoice, …