The prophet shows the dire effects of the Divine anger in the miseries brought on his country; the unparalleled calamities of which he charges, on a great measure, on the false prophets, Lam 2:1-14. In thus desperate …
1¡Cómo oscureció el Señor en su furor a la hija de Sion! Derribó del cielo a la tierra la hermosura de Israel, Y no se acordó del estrado de sus pies en el día de su furor.
2Destruyó el Señor, y no perdonó; Destruyó en su furor todas las tiendas de Jacob; Echó por tierra las fortalezas de la hija de Judá, Humilló al reino y a sus príncipes.
3Cortó con el ardor de su ira todo el poderío de Israel; Retiró de él su diestra frente al enemigo, Y se encendió en Jacob como llama de fuego que ha devorado alrededor.
4Entesó su arco como enemigo, afirmó su mano derecha como adversario, Y destruyó cuanto era hermoso. En la tienda de la hija de Sion derramó como fuego su enojo.
5El Señor llegó a ser como enemigo, destruyó a Israel; Destruyó todos sus palacios, derribó sus fortalezas, Y multiplicó en la hija de Judá la tristeza y el lamento.
6Quitó su tienda como enramada de huerto; Destruyó el lugar en donde se congregaban; Jehová ha hecho olvidar las fiestas solemnes y los días de reposo en Sion, Y en el ardor de su ira ha desechado al rey y al sacerdote.
7Desechó el Señor su altar, menospreció su santuario; Ha entregado en mano del enemigo los muros de sus palacios; Hicieron resonar su voz en la casa de Jehová como en día de fiesta.
8Jehová determinó destruir el muro de la hija de Sion; Extendió el cordel, no retrajo su mano de la destrucción; Hizo, pues, que se lamentara el antemuro y el muro; fueron desolados juntamente.
9Sus puertas fueron echadas por tierra, destruyó y quebrantó sus cerrojos; Su rey y sus príncipes están entre las naciones donde no hay ley; Sus profetas tampoco hallaron visión de Jehová.
10Se sentaron en tierra, callaron los ancianos de la hija de Sion; Echaron polvo sobre sus cabezas, se ciñeron de cilicio; Las vírgenes de Jerusalén bajaron sus cabezas a tierra.
11Mis ojos desfallecieron de lágrimas, se conmovieron mis entrañas, Mi hígado se derramó por tierra a causa del quebrantamiento de la hija de mi pueblo, Cuando desfallecía el niño y el que mamaba, en las plazas de la ciudad.
12Decían a sus madres: ¿Dónde está el trigo y el vino? Desfallecían como heridos en las calles de la ciudad, Derramando sus almas en el regazo de sus madres.
13¿Qué testigo te traeré, o a quién te haré semejante, hija de Jerusalén? ¿A quién te compararé para consolarte, oh virgen hija de Sion? Porque grande como el mar es tu quebrantamiento; ¿quién te sanará?
14Tus profetas vieron para ti vanidad y locura; Y no descubrieron tu pecado para impedir tu cautiverio, Sino que te predicaron vanas profecías y extravíos.
15Todos los que pasaban por el camino batieron las manos sobre ti; Silbaron, y movieron despectivamente sus cabezas sobre la hija de Jerusalén, diciendo: ¿Es esta la ciudad que decían de perfecta hermosura, el gozo de toda la tierra?
16Todos tus enemigos abrieron contra ti su boca; Se burlaron, y crujieron los dientes; dijeron: Devorémosla; Ciertamente este es el día que esperábamos; lo hemos hallado, lo hemos visto.
17Jehová ha hecho lo que tenía determinado; Ha cumplido su palabra, la cual él había mandado desde tiempo antiguo. Destruyó, y no perdonó; Y ha hecho que el enemigo se alegre sobre ti, Y enalteció el poder de tus adversarios.
18El corazón de ellos clamaba al Señor; Oh hija de Sion, echa lágrimas cual arroyo día y noche; No descanses, ni cesen las niñas de tus ojos.
19Levántate, da voces en la noche, al comenzar las vigilias; Derrama como agua tu corazón ante la presencia del Señor; Alza tus manos a él implorando la vida de tus pequeñitos, Que desfallecen de hambre en las entradas de todas las calles.
20Mira, oh Jehová, y considera a quién has hecho así. ¿Han de comer las mujeres el fruto de sus entrañas, los pequeñitos a su tierno cuidado? ¿Han de ser muertos en el santuario del Señor el sacerdote y el profeta?
21Niños y viejos yacían por tierra en las calles; Mis vírgenes y mis jóvenes cayeron a espada; Mataste en el día de tu furor; degollaste, no perdonaste.
22Has convocado de todas partes mis temores, como en un día de solemnidad; Y en el día del furor de Jehová no hubo quien escapase ni quedase vivo; Los que crie y mantuve, mi enemigo los acabó.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 1
I. How hath the Lord covered the daughter of Zion with a cloud - The women in the eastern countries …
How hath the Lord covered the daughter of Zion with a cloud - The women in the eastern countries wear veils, and often very costly ones. Here, Zion is represented as being veiled by the hand of God's judgment. And what is the veil? A dark cloud, by which she is entirely obscured.
Instead of אדני Adonai, lord, twenty-four of Dr. Kennicott's MSS., and some of the most ancient of my own, read יהוה Yehovah, Lord, as in Lam 2:2.
The beauty of Israel - His Temple.
His footstool - The ark of the covenant, often so called. The rendering of my old MS. Bible is curious: -
And record not of his litil steging-stole of his feet, in the dai of his woodnesse.
To be wood signifies, in our ancient language, to be mad.
II
Versículo 2
II. The Lord hath swallowed up - It is a strange figure when thus applied: but Jehovah is here repres…
The Lord hath swallowed up - It is a strange figure when thus applied: but Jehovah is here represented as having swallowed down Jerusalem and all the cities and fortifications in the land: that is, he has permitted them to be destroyed. See Lam 2:6.
III
Versículo 3
III. The horn of Israel - His power and strength. It is a metaphor taken from cattle, whose principal …
The horn of Israel - His power and strength. It is a metaphor taken from cattle, whose principal strength lies in their horns.
Hath drawn back his right hand - He did not support us when our enemies came against us.
IV
Versículo 4
IV. He hath bent his bow - he stood with his right hand - This is the attitude of the archer. He firs…
He hath bent his bow - he stood with his right hand - This is the attitude of the archer. He first bends his bow; then sets his arrow upon the string; and, lastly, placing his right hand on the lower end of the arrow, in connection with the string, takes his aim, and prepares to let fly.
V
Versículo 6
V. As if it were of a garden - "As it were the garden of his own hedging." - Blayney.
As if it were of a garden - "As it were the garden of his own hedging." - Blayney.
The Lord hath caused the solemn feasts - By delivering us up into the hands of the enemy our religious worship is not only suspended, but all Divine ordinances are destroyed.
VI
Versículo 7
VI. They have made a noise in the house of the Lord - Instead of the silver trumpets of the sanctuary…
They have made a noise in the house of the Lord - Instead of the silver trumpets of the sanctuary, nothing but the sounds of warlike instruments are to be heard.
VII
Versículo 8
VII. He hath stretched out a line - The line of devastation; marking what was to be pulled down and de…
He hath stretched out a line - The line of devastation; marking what was to be pulled down and demolished.
VIII
Versículo 9
VIII. Her gates are sunk into the ground - The consequence of their being long thrown down and neglecte…
Her gates are sunk into the ground - The consequence of their being long thrown down and neglected. From this it appears that the captivity had already lasted a considerable time.
Her king and her princes are among the Gentiles - Zedekiah and many of the princes were then prisoners in Babylon, another proof that the captivity had endured some time, unless all this be spoken prophetically, of what should be done.
IX
Versículo 10
IX. Sit upon the ground - See the note on Lam 1:1.
Sit upon the ground - See the note on Lam 1:1.
Keep silence - No words can express their sorrows: small griefs are eloquent, great ones dumb.
X
Versículo 11
X. Swoon in the streets of the city - Through the excess of the famine.
Swoon in the streets of the city - Through the excess of the famine.
XI
Versículo 12
XI. When their soul was poured out into their mothers' bosom - When, in endeavoring to draw nourishme…
When their soul was poured out into their mothers' bosom - When, in endeavoring to draw nourishment from the breasts of their exhausted mothers, they breathed their last in their bosoms! How dreadfully afflicting was this!
XII
Versículo 13
XII. What thing shall I take - Or, rather, as Dr. Blayney, "What shall I urge to thee?" How shall I co…
What thing shall I take - Or, rather, as Dr. Blayney, "What shall I urge to thee?" How shall I comfort thee?
Thy breach is great like the sea - Thou hast a flood of afflictions, a sea of troubles, an ocean of miseries.
XIII
Versículo 14
XIII. They have not discovered thine iniquity - They did not reprove for sin, they flattered them in th…
They have not discovered thine iniquity - They did not reprove for sin, they flattered them in their transgressions; and instead of turning away thy captivity, by turning thee from thy sins, they have pretended visions of good in thy favor, and false burdens for thy enemies.
XIV
Versículo 15
XIV. The perfection of beauty - This probably only applied to the temple. Jerusalem never was a fine o…
The perfection of beauty - This probably only applied to the temple. Jerusalem never was a fine or splendid city; but the temple was most assuredly the most splendid building in the world.
XV
Versículo 16
XV. This is the day that we looked for - Jerusalem was the envy of the surrounding nations: they long…
This is the day that we looked for - Jerusalem was the envy of the surrounding nations: they longed for its destruction, and rejoiced when it took place.
16
Versículo 17
16. The Lord hate done that - This and the sixteenth verse should be interchanged, to follow the orde…
The Lord hate done that - This and the sixteenth verse should be interchanged, to follow the order of the letters in the Hebrew alphabet; as the sixteenth has פ phe for its acrostic letter, and the seventeenth has ע ain, which should precede the other in the order of the alphabet.
17
Versículo 18
17. O wall of the daughter of Zion - חומת בת ציון chomath bath tsiyon, wall of the daughter of Zion. …
O wall of the daughter of Zion - חומת בת ציון chomath bath tsiyon, wall of the daughter of Zion. These words are probably those of the passengers, who appear to be affected by the desolations of the land; and they address the people, and urge them to plead with God day and night for their restoration. But what is the meaning of wall of the daughter of Zion? I answer I do not know. It is certainly harsh to say "O wall of the daughter of Zion, let tears run down like a river day and night." Zion's ways may lament, and her streets mourn; but how the walls can be said to weep is not so easy to be understood, because there is no parallel for it. One of my most ancient MSS. omits the three words; and in it the text stands thus: "Their heart cried unto the Lord, Let tears run down like a river day and night; give thyself no rest," etc.
Let not the apple of thine eye cease - בת עין bath ayin means either the pupil of the eye, or the tears. Tears are the produce of the eye, and are here elegantly termed the daughter of the eye. Let not thy tears cease. But with what propriety can we say to the apple or pupil of the eye, Do not cease! Tears are most certainly meant.
18
Versículo 19
18. Arise, cry out in the night - This seems to refer to Jerusalem besieged. Ye who keep the night wa…
Arise, cry out in the night - This seems to refer to Jerusalem besieged. Ye who keep the night watches, pour out your hearts before the Lord, instead of calling the time of night, etc.; or, when you call it, send up a fervent prayer to God for the safety and relief of the place.
19
Versículo 20
19. Consider to whom thou hast done this - Perhaps the best sense of this difficult verse is this: "T…
Consider to whom thou hast done this - Perhaps the best sense of this difficult verse is this: "Thou art our Father, we are thy children; wilt thou destroy thy own offspring? Was it ever heard that a mother devoured her own child, a helpless infant of a span long?" That it was foretold that there should be such distress in the siege, - that mothers should be obliged to eat their own children, is evident enough from Lev 26:29; Deu 28:53, Deu 28:56, Deu 28:57; but the former view of the subject seems the most natural and is best supported by the context. The priest and the prophet are slain; the young and old lie on the ground in the streets; the virgins and young men are fallen by the sword. "Thou hast slain them in the day of thine anger; Thou hast killed, and not pitied." See Deu 4:10.
20
Versículo 22
20. Thou hast called as in a solemn day - It is by thy influence alone that so many enemies are calle…
Thou hast called as in a solemn day - It is by thy influence alone that so many enemies are called together at one time; and they have so hemmed us in that none could escape, and none remained unslain or uncaptivated, Perhaps the figure is the collecting of the people in Jerusalem on one of the solemn annual festivals. God has called terrors together to feast on Jerusalem, similar to the convocation of the people from all parts of the land to one of those annual festivals. The indiscriminate slaughter of young and old, priest and prophet, all ranks and conditions, may be illustrated by the following verses from Lucan, which appear as if a translation of the nineteenth, twentieth, and twenty-first verses of this chapter: -
Nobilitas cum plebe perit; lateque vagatur
Ensis, et a nullo revocatum est pectore ferrum.
Stat cruor in Templis; multaque rubentia caede
Lubrica saxa madent. Nulli sua profuit aetas.
Non senes extremum piguit vergentibus annis
Praecipitasse diem; nec primo in limine vitae,
Infanti miseri nascentia rumpere fata.
Pharsal. lib. ii., 101.
"With what a slide devouring slaughter passed,
And swept promiscuous orders in her haste;
O'er noble and plebeian ranged the sword,
Nor pity nor remorse one pause afford!
The sliding streets with blood were clotted o'er,
And sacred temples stood in pools of gore.
The ruthless steel, impatient of delay,
Forbade the sire to linger out his day:
It struck the bending father to the earth,
And cropped the wailing infant at its birth."
Rowe.
Antiguo Testamento
Lamentations — Capítulo 2
The prophet shows the dire effects of the Divine anger in the miseries brought on his country; the unparalleled calamities of which he charges, on a great measure, on the false prophets, Lam 2:1-14. In thus desperate …
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1¡Cómo oscureció el Señor en su furor a la hija de Sion! Derribó del cielo a la tierra la hermosura de Israel, Y no se acordó del estrado de sus pies en el día de su furor.
2Destruyó el Señor, y no perdonó; Destruyó en su furor todas las tiendas de Jacob; Echó por tierra las fortalezas de la hija de Judá, Humilló al reino y a sus príncipes.
3Cortó con el ardor de su ira todo el poderío de Israel; Retiró de él su diestra frente al enemigo, Y se encendió en Jacob como llama de fuego que ha devorado alrededor.
4Entesó su arco como enemigo, afirmó su mano derecha como adversario, Y destruyó cuanto era hermoso. En la tienda de la hija de Sion derramó como fuego su enojo.
5El Señor llegó a ser como enemigo, destruyó a Israel; Destruyó todos sus palacios, derribó sus fortalezas, Y multiplicó en la hija de Judá la tristeza y el lamento.
6Quitó su tienda como enramada de huerto; Destruyó el lugar en donde se congregaban; Jehová ha hecho olvidar las fiestas solemnes y los días de reposo en Sion, Y en el ardor de su ira ha desechado al rey y al sacerdote.
7Desechó el Señor su altar, menospreció su santuario; Ha entregado en mano del enemigo los muros de sus palacios; Hicieron resonar su voz en la casa de Jehová como en día de fiesta.
8Jehová determinó destruir el muro de la hija de Sion; Extendió el cordel, no retrajo su mano de la destrucción; Hizo, pues, que se lamentara el antemuro y el muro; fueron desolados juntamente.
9Sus puertas fueron echadas por tierra, destruyó y quebrantó sus cerrojos; Su rey y sus príncipes están entre las naciones donde no hay ley; Sus profetas tampoco hallaron visión de Jehová.
10Se sentaron en tierra, callaron los ancianos de la hija de Sion; Echaron polvo sobre sus cabezas, se ciñeron de cilicio; Las vírgenes de Jerusalén bajaron sus cabezas a tierra.
11Mis ojos desfallecieron de lágrimas, se conmovieron mis entrañas, Mi hígado se derramó por tierra a causa del quebrantamiento de la hija de mi pueblo, Cuando desfallecía el niño y el que mamaba, en las plazas de la ciudad.
12Decían a sus madres: ¿Dónde está el trigo y el vino? Desfallecían como heridos en las calles de la ciudad, Derramando sus almas en el regazo de sus madres.
13¿Qué testigo te traeré, o a quién te haré semejante, hija de Jerusalén? ¿A quién te compararé para consolarte, oh virgen hija de Sion? Porque grande como el mar es tu quebrantamiento; ¿quién te sanará?
14Tus profetas vieron para ti vanidad y locura; Y no descubrieron tu pecado para impedir tu cautiverio, Sino que te predicaron vanas profecías y extravíos.
15Todos los que pasaban por el camino batieron las manos sobre ti; Silbaron, y movieron despectivamente sus cabezas sobre la hija de Jerusalén, diciendo: ¿Es esta la ciudad que decían de perfecta hermosura, el gozo de toda la tierra?
16Todos tus enemigos abrieron contra ti su boca; Se burlaron, y crujieron los dientes; dijeron: Devorémosla; Ciertamente este es el día que esperábamos; lo hemos hallado, lo hemos visto.
17Jehová ha hecho lo que tenía determinado; Ha cumplido su palabra, la cual él había mandado desde tiempo antiguo. Destruyó, y no perdonó; Y ha hecho que el enemigo se alegre sobre ti, Y enalteció el poder de tus adversarios.
18El corazón de ellos clamaba al Señor; Oh hija de Sion, echa lágrimas cual arroyo día y noche; No descanses, ni cesen las niñas de tus ojos.
19Levántate, da voces en la noche, al comenzar las vigilias; Derrama como agua tu corazón ante la presencia del Señor; Alza tus manos a él implorando la vida de tus pequeñitos, Que desfallecen de hambre en las entradas de todas las calles.
20Mira, oh Jehová, y considera a quién has hecho así. ¿Han de comer las mujeres el fruto de sus entrañas, los pequeñitos a su tierno cuidado? ¿Han de ser muertos en el santuario del Señor el sacerdote y el profeta?
21Niños y viejos yacían por tierra en las calles; Mis vírgenes y mis jóvenes cayeron a espada; Mataste en el día de tu furor; degollaste, no perdonaste.
22Has convocado de todas partes mis temores, como en un día de solemnidad; Y en el día del furor de Jehová no hubo quien escapase ni quedase vivo; Los que crie y mantuve, mi enemigo los acabó.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 1
I. How hath the Lord covered the daughter of Zion with a cloud - The women in the eastern countries …
Versículo 2
II. The Lord hath swallowed up - It is a strange figure when thus applied: but Jehovah is here repres…
Versículo 3
III. The horn of Israel - His power and strength. It is a metaphor taken from cattle, whose principal …
Versículo 4
IV. He hath bent his bow - he stood with his right hand - This is the attitude of the archer. He firs…
Versículo 6
V. As if it were of a garden - "As it were the garden of his own hedging." - Blayney.
Versículo 7
VI. They have made a noise in the house of the Lord - Instead of the silver trumpets of the sanctuary…
Versículo 8
VII. He hath stretched out a line - The line of devastation; marking what was to be pulled down and de…
Versículo 9
VIII. Her gates are sunk into the ground - The consequence of their being long thrown down and neglecte…
Versículo 10
IX. Sit upon the ground - See the note on Lam 1:1.
Versículo 11
X. Swoon in the streets of the city - Through the excess of the famine.
Versículo 12
XI. When their soul was poured out into their mothers' bosom - When, in endeavoring to draw nourishme…
Versículo 13
XII. What thing shall I take - Or, rather, as Dr. Blayney, "What shall I urge to thee?" How shall I co…
Versículo 14
XIII. They have not discovered thine iniquity - They did not reprove for sin, they flattered them in th…
Versículo 15
XIV. The perfection of beauty - This probably only applied to the temple. Jerusalem never was a fine o…
Versículo 16
XV. This is the day that we looked for - Jerusalem was the envy of the surrounding nations: they long…
Versículo 17
16. The Lord hate done that - This and the sixteenth verse should be interchanged, to follow the orde…
Versículo 18
17. O wall of the daughter of Zion - חומת בת ציון chomath bath tsiyon, wall of the daughter of Zion. …
Versículo 19
18. Arise, cry out in the night - This seems to refer to Jerusalem besieged. Ye who keep the night wa…
Versículo 20
19. Consider to whom thou hast done this - Perhaps the best sense of this difficult verse is this: "T…
Versículo 22
20. Thou hast called as in a solemn day - It is by thy influence alone that so many enemies are calle…