The ten curtains of the tabernacle, and of what composed, Exo 26:1. Their length, Exo 26:2, Exo 26:3; their loops, Exo 26:4, Exo 26:5; their taches, Exo 26:6. The curtains of goats' hair for a covering, Exo 26:7; thei…
1Harás el tabernáculo de diez cortinas de lino torcido, azul, púrpura y carmesí; y lo harás con querubines de obra primorosa.
2La longitud de una cortina de veintiocho codos, y la anchura de la misma cortina de cuatro codos; todas las cortinas tendrán una misma medida.
3Cinco cortinas estarán unidas una con la otra, y las otras cinco cortinas unidas una con la otra.
4Y harás lazadas de azul en la orilla de la última cortina de la primera unión; lo mismo harás en la orilla de la cortina de la segunda unión.
5Cincuenta lazadas harás en la primera cortina, y cincuenta lazadas harás en la orilla de la cortina que está en la segunda unión; las lazadas estarán contrapuestas la una a la otra.
6Harás también cincuenta corchetes de oro, con los cuales enlazarás las cortinas la una con la otra, y se formará un tabernáculo.
7Harás asimismo cortinas de pelo de cabra para una cubierta sobre el tabernáculo; once cortinas harás.
8La longitud de cada cortina será de treinta codos, y la anchura de cada cortina de cuatro codos; una misma medida tendrán las once cortinas.
9Y unirás cinco cortinas aparte y las otras seis cortinas aparte; y doblarás la sexta cortina en el frente del tabernáculo.
10Y harás cincuenta lazadas en la orilla de la cortina, al borde en la unión, y cincuenta lazadas en la orilla de la cortina de la segunda unión.
11Harás asimismo cincuenta corchetes de bronce, los cuales meterás por las lazadas; y enlazarás las uniones para que se haga una sola cubierta.
12Y la parte que sobra en las cortinas de la tienda, la mitad de la cortina que sobra, colgará a espaldas del tabernáculo.
13Y un codo de un lado, y otro codo del otro lado, que sobra a lo largo de las cortinas de la tienda, colgará sobre los lados del tabernáculo a un lado y al otro, para cubrirlo.
14Harás también a la tienda una cubierta de pieles de carneros teñidas de rojo, y una cubierta de pieles de tejones encima.
15Y harás para el tabernáculo tablas de madera de acacia, que estén derechas.
16La longitud de cada tabla será de diez codos, y de codo y medio la anchura.
17Dos espigas tendrá cada tabla, para unirlas una con otra; así harás todas las tablas del tabernáculo.
18Harás, pues, las tablas del tabernáculo; veinte tablas al lado del mediodía, al sur.
19Y harás cuarenta basas de plata debajo de las veinte tablas; dos basas debajo de una tabla para sus dos espigas, y dos basas debajo de otra tabla para sus dos espigas.
20Y al otro lado del tabernáculo, al lado del norte, veinte tablas;
21y sus cuarenta basas de plata; dos basas debajo de una tabla, y dos basas debajo de otra tabla.
22Y para el lado posterior del tabernáculo, al occidente, harás seis tablas.
23Harás además dos tablas para las esquinas del tabernáculo en los dos ángulos posteriores;
24las cuales se unirán desde abajo, y asimismo se juntarán por su alto con un gozne; así será con las otras dos; serán para las dos esquinas.
25De suerte que serán ocho tablas, con sus basas de plata, dieciséis basas; dos basas debajo de una tabla, y dos basas debajo de otra tabla.
26Harás también cinco barras de madera de acacia, para las tablas de un lado del tabernáculo,
27y cinco barras para las tablas del otro lado del tabernáculo, y cinco barras para las tablas del lado posterior del tabernáculo, al occidente.
28Y la barra de en medio pasará por en medio de las tablas, de un extremo al otro.
29Y cubrirás de oro las tablas, y harás sus anillos de oro para meter por ellos las barras; también cubrirás de oro las barras.
30Y alzarás el tabernáculo conforme al modelo que te fue mostrado en el monte.
31También harás un velo de azul, púrpura, carmesí y lino torcido; será hecho de obra primorosa, con querubines;
32y lo pondrás sobre cuatro columnas de madera de acacia cubiertas de oro; sus capiteles de oro, sobre basas de plata.
33Y pondrás el velo debajo de los corchetes, y meterás allí, del velo adentro, el arca del testimonio; y aquel velo os hará separación entre el lugar santo y el santísimo.
34Pondrás el propiciatorio sobre el arca del testimonio en el lugar santísimo.
35Y pondrás la mesa fuera del velo, y el candelero enfrente de la mesa al lado sur del tabernáculo; y pondrás la mesa al lado del norte.
36Harás para la puerta del tabernáculo una cortina de azul, púrpura, carmesí y lino torcido, obra de recamador.
37Y harás para la cortina cinco columnas de madera de acacia, las cuales cubrirás de oro, con sus capiteles de oro; y fundirás cinco basas de bronce para ellas.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
I
Versículo 1
I. Thou shalt make the tabernacle - משכן mischan, from שכן shachan, to dwell, means simply a dwellin…
Thou shalt make the tabernacle - משכן mischan, from שכן shachan, to dwell, means simply a dwelling place or habitation of any kind, but here it means the dwelling place of Jehovah, who, as a king in his camp, had his dwelling or pavilion among his people, his table always spread, his lamps lighted, and the priests, etc., his attendants, always in waiting. From the minute and accurate description here given, a good workman, had he the same materials, might make a perfect facsimile of the ancient Jewish tabernacle. It was a movable building, and so constructed that it might be easily taken to pieces, for the greater convenience of carriage, as they were often obliged to transport it from place to place, in their various journeyings. For the twined linen, blue, purple, and scarlet, see Clarke's note on Exo 25:4, etc.
Cherubims - See Clarke's note on Exo 25:18.
Cunning work - חשב chosheb probably means a sort of diaper, in which the figures appear equally perfect on both sides; this was probably formed in the loom. Another kind of curious work is mentioned, Exo 26:36, רקם rokem, which we term needle-work; this was probably similar to our embroidery, tapestry, or cloth of arras. It has been thought unlikely that these curious works were all manufactured in the wilderness: what was done in the loom, they might have brought with them from Egypt; what could be done by hand, without the use of complex machinery, the Israelitish women could readily perform with their needles, during their stay in the wilderness. But still it seems probable that they brought even their looms with them. The whole of this account shows that not only necessary but ornamental arts had been carried to a considerable pitch of perfection, both among the Israelites and Egyptians.
The inner curtains of the tabernacle were ten in number, and each in length twenty-eight cubits, and four in breadth; about sixteen yards twelve inches long, and two yards twelve inches broad. The curtains were to be coupled together, five and five of a side, by fifty loops, Exo 26:5, and as many golden clasps, Exo 26:6, so that each might look like one curtain, and the whole make one entire covering, which was the first.
II
Versículo 7
II. Curtains of goats' hair - Stuff made of goats' hair. See Clarke's note on Exo 25:4. This was the …
Curtains of goats' hair - Stuff made of goats' hair. See Clarke's note on Exo 25:4. This was the second covering.
III
Versículo 14
III. Rams' skins dyed red - See Clarke's note on Exo 25:5. This was the third covering; and what is ca…
Rams' skins dyed red - See Clarke's note on Exo 25:5. This was the third covering; and what is called the badgers' skins was the fourth. See Clarke's note on Exo 25:5. Why there should have been four coverings does not appear. They might have been designed partly for respect; and partly to keep off dust and dirt, and the extremely fine sand which in that desert rises as it were on every breeze; and partly to keep off the intense heat of the sun, which would otherwise have destroyed the poles, bars, boards, and the whole of the wood work. As to the conjecture of some that "the four coverings were intended the better to keep off the rain," it must appear unfounded to those who know that in that desert rain was rarely ever seen.
IV
Versículo 15
IV. Thou shalt make boards - These formed what might be called the walls of the tabernacle, and were …
Thou shalt make boards - These formed what might be called the walls of the tabernacle, and were made of shittim wood, the acacia Nilotica, which Dr. Shaw says grows here in abundance. To have worked the acacia into these boards or planks, the Israelites must have had sawyers, joiners, etc., among them; but how they got the tools is a question. But as the Israelites were the general workmen of Egypt, and were brought up to every kind of trade for the service of their oppressors, we may naturally suppose that every artificer brought off some of his tools with him. For though it is not at all likely that they had any armor or defensive weapons in their power, yet for the reason above assigned they must have had the implements which were requisite for their respective trades.
V
Versículo 16
V. Ten cubits shall be the length of a board - Each of these boards or planks was about five yards a…
Ten cubits shall be the length of a board - Each of these boards or planks was about five yards and two feet and a half long, and thirty-two inches broad; and as they are said to be standing up, this was the Height of the tabernacle. The length being thirty cubits, twenty boards, one cubit and a half broad each, make about seventeen yards and a half, and the Breadth was about five yards.
VI
Versículo 29
VI. Thou shalt overlay the boards with gold - It is not said how thick the gold was by which these bo…
Thou shalt overlay the boards with gold - It is not said how thick the gold was by which these boards, etc., were overlaid; it was no doubt done with gold plates, but these must have been very thin, else the boards, etc., must have been insupportably heavy. The gold was probably something like our gold leaf, but not brought to so great a degree of tenuity.
VII
Versículo 31
VII. Thou shalt make a veil - פרכת parocheth, from פרך parach, to break or rend; the inner veil of the…
Thou shalt make a veil - פרכת parocheth, from פרך parach, to break or rend; the inner veil of the tabernacle or temple, (Ch2 3:14), which broke, interrupted, or divided between the holy place and the most holy; the Holy Ghost this signifying, that the way into the holiest of all was not yet made manifest, while as the first tabernacle was standing. Compare Heb 9:8. The Septuagint constantly render it by καταπετασμα. Does not the Hebrew name פרכת parocheth moreover intimate the typical correspondence of this veil to the body or flesh of Christ? For this καταπετασμα or veil was his flesh, (Heb 10:20), which, being rent, affords us a new and living way into the holiest of all, i.e., into heaven itself. Compare Heb 10:19, Heb 10:20; Heb 9:24. And accordingly when his blessed body was rent upon the cross, this veil also (το καταπετασμα του ἱερου) εσχισθη, was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; Mat 27:51 - See Parkhurst, under the word פרך.
The veil in the tabernacle was exceedingly costly; it was made of the same materials with the inner covering, blue, purple, scarlet, fine twined linen, embroidered with cherubim, etc. It served to divide the tabernacle into two parts: one, the outermost, called the holy place; the other, or innermost, called the holy of holies, or the most holy place. In this was deposited the ark of the covenant, and the other things that were laid up by way of memorial. Into this the high priest alone was permitted to enter, and that only once in the year, on the great day of atonement. It was in this inner place that Jehovah manifested himself between the cherubim. The Jews say that this veil was four fingers' breadth in thickness, in order to prevent any person from seeing through it; but for this, as Calmet observes, there was no necessity, as there was no window or place for light in the tabernacle, and consequently the most simple veil would have been sufficient to obstruct the discovery of any thing behind it, which could only be discerned by the light that came in at the door, or by that afforded by the golden candlestick which stood on the outside of this veil.
VIII
Versículo 32
VIII. Their hooks shall be of gold - וויהם vaveyhem, which we translate their hooks, is rendered κεφαλι…
Their hooks shall be of gold - וויהם vaveyhem, which we translate their hooks, is rendered κεφαλιδες, capitals, by the Septuagint, and capita by the Vulgate. As the word וו vav or vau, plural ווים vavim, occurs only in this book, Exo 26:32, Exo 26:37; Exo 27:10, Exo 27:11, Exo 27:17; Exo 36:36, Exo 36:38; Exo 38:10, Exo 38:11, Exo 38:12, Exo 38:17, Exo 38:19, Exo 38:28; and is used in these places in reference to the same subject, it is very difficult to ascertain its precise meaning. Most commentators and lexicographers think that the ideal meaning of the word is to connect, attach, join to, hook; and that the letter ו vau has its name from its hooklike form, and its use as a particle in the Hebrew language, because it serves to connect the words and members of a sentence, and the sentences of a discourse together, and that therefore hook must be the obvious meaning of the word in all the above texts. Calmet thinks this reason of no weight, because the ו vau of the present Hebrew alphabet is widely dissimilar from the vau of the primitive Hebrew alphabet, as may be seen on the ancient shekels; on these the characters appear as in the word Jehovah, Exo 28:36. This form bears no resemblance to a hook; nor does the Samaritan vau, which appears to have been copied from this ancient character.
Calmet therefore contends,
1. That if Moses does not mean the capitals of the pillars by the ווים eht vavim of the text, he mentions them nowhere; and it would be strange that while he describes the pillars, their sockets, bases, fillets, etc., etc., with so much exactness, as will appear on consulting the preceding places, that he should make no mention of the capitals; or that pillars, every way so correctly formed, should have been destitute of this very necessary ornament.
2. As Moses was commanded to make the hooks, ווים vavim, of the pillars and their fillets of silver, Exo 27:10, Exo 27:11, and the hooks, vavim, of the pillars of the veil of gold, Exo 36:36; and as one thousand seven hundred and seventy-five shekels were employed in making these hooks, vavim, overlaying their chapiters, ראשיהם rasheyhem, their heads, and filleting them, Exo 38:28; it is more reasonable to suppose that all this is spoken of the capitals of the pillars than of any kind of hooks, especially as hooks are mentioned under the word taches or clasps in other places. On the whole it appears much more reasonable to translate the original by capitals than by hooks.
After this verse the Samaritan Pentateuch introduces the ten first verses of Exodus 30, and this appears to be their proper place. Those ten verses are not repeated in the thirtieth chapter in the Samaritan, the chapter beginning with the 11th verse.
IX
Versículo 36
IX. A hanging for the door of the tent - This may be called the first veil, as it occupied the door o…
A hanging for the door of the tent - This may be called the first veil, as it occupied the door or entrance to the tabernacle; the veil that separated the holy place from the holy of holies is called the second veil, Heb 9:3. These two veils and the inner covering of the tabernacle were all of the same materials, and of the same workmanship. See Exo 27:16.
1. For the meaning and design of the tabernacle see Clarke's note on Exo 25:40 : and while the reader is struck with the curious and costly nature of this building, as described by Moses, let him consider how pure and holy that Church should be of which it was a very expressive type; and what manner of person he should be in all holy conversation and godliness, who professes to be a member of that Church for which, it is written, Christ has given himself, that he might sanctify and cleanse it; that he might present it unto himself a glorious Church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish. See Eph 5:25-27.
2. In the Jewish tabernacle almost every thing was placed out of the sight of the people. The holy of holies was inaccessible, the testimony was comparatively hidden, as were also the mercy-seat and the Divine glory. Under the Gospel all these things are laid open, the way to the holiest is made manifest, the veil is rent, and we have an entrance to the holiest by the blood of Jesus, by a new and living way, which he hath consecrated for us, through the veil, that is to say, his flesh; Heb 10:19, Heb 10:20. How abundantly has God brought life and immortality to light by the Gospel! The awful distance is abolished, the ministry of reconciliation is proclaimed, the kingdom of heaven is opened to all believers, and the Lord is in his holy temple. Sinner, weary of thyself and thy transgressions, fainting under the load of thy iniquities, look to Jesus; he died for thee, and will save thee. Believer, stand fast in the liberty wherewith God has made thee free, and be not entangled again in the yoke of bondage.
Antiguo Testamento
Exodus — Capítulo 26
The ten curtains of the tabernacle, and of what composed, Exo 26:1. Their length, Exo 26:2, Exo 26:3; their loops, Exo 26:4, Exo 26:5; their taches, Exo 26:6. The curtains of goats' hair for a covering, Exo 26:7; thei…
Texto — Reina-Valera 1960
1Harás el tabernáculo de diez cortinas de lino torcido, azul, púrpura y carmesí; y lo harás con querubines de obra primorosa.
2La longitud de una cortina de veintiocho codos, y la anchura de la misma cortina de cuatro codos; todas las cortinas tendrán una misma medida.
3Cinco cortinas estarán unidas una con la otra, y las otras cinco cortinas unidas una con la otra.
4Y harás lazadas de azul en la orilla de la última cortina de la primera unión; lo mismo harás en la orilla de la cortina de la segunda unión.
5Cincuenta lazadas harás en la primera cortina, y cincuenta lazadas harás en la orilla de la cortina que está en la segunda unión; las lazadas estarán contrapuestas la una a la otra.
6Harás también cincuenta corchetes de oro, con los cuales enlazarás las cortinas la una con la otra, y se formará un tabernáculo.
7Harás asimismo cortinas de pelo de cabra para una cubierta sobre el tabernáculo; once cortinas harás.
8La longitud de cada cortina será de treinta codos, y la anchura de cada cortina de cuatro codos; una misma medida tendrán las once cortinas.
9Y unirás cinco cortinas aparte y las otras seis cortinas aparte; y doblarás la sexta cortina en el frente del tabernáculo.
10Y harás cincuenta lazadas en la orilla de la cortina, al borde en la unión, y cincuenta lazadas en la orilla de la cortina de la segunda unión.
11Harás asimismo cincuenta corchetes de bronce, los cuales meterás por las lazadas; y enlazarás las uniones para que se haga una sola cubierta.
12Y la parte que sobra en las cortinas de la tienda, la mitad de la cortina que sobra, colgará a espaldas del tabernáculo.
13Y un codo de un lado, y otro codo del otro lado, que sobra a lo largo de las cortinas de la tienda, colgará sobre los lados del tabernáculo a un lado y al otro, para cubrirlo.
14Harás también a la tienda una cubierta de pieles de carneros teñidas de rojo, y una cubierta de pieles de tejones encima.
15Y harás para el tabernáculo tablas de madera de acacia, que estén derechas.
16La longitud de cada tabla será de diez codos, y de codo y medio la anchura.
17Dos espigas tendrá cada tabla, para unirlas una con otra; así harás todas las tablas del tabernáculo.
18Harás, pues, las tablas del tabernáculo; veinte tablas al lado del mediodía, al sur.
19Y harás cuarenta basas de plata debajo de las veinte tablas; dos basas debajo de una tabla para sus dos espigas, y dos basas debajo de otra tabla para sus dos espigas.
20Y al otro lado del tabernáculo, al lado del norte, veinte tablas;
21y sus cuarenta basas de plata; dos basas debajo de una tabla, y dos basas debajo de otra tabla.
22Y para el lado posterior del tabernáculo, al occidente, harás seis tablas.
23Harás además dos tablas para las esquinas del tabernáculo en los dos ángulos posteriores;
24las cuales se unirán desde abajo, y asimismo se juntarán por su alto con un gozne; así será con las otras dos; serán para las dos esquinas.
25De suerte que serán ocho tablas, con sus basas de plata, dieciséis basas; dos basas debajo de una tabla, y dos basas debajo de otra tabla.
26Harás también cinco barras de madera de acacia, para las tablas de un lado del tabernáculo,
27y cinco barras para las tablas del otro lado del tabernáculo, y cinco barras para las tablas del lado posterior del tabernáculo, al occidente.
28Y la barra de en medio pasará por en medio de las tablas, de un extremo al otro.
29Y cubrirás de oro las tablas, y harás sus anillos de oro para meter por ellos las barras; también cubrirás de oro las barras.
30Y alzarás el tabernáculo conforme al modelo que te fue mostrado en el monte.
31También harás un velo de azul, púrpura, carmesí y lino torcido; será hecho de obra primorosa, con querubines;
32y lo pondrás sobre cuatro columnas de madera de acacia cubiertas de oro; sus capiteles de oro, sobre basas de plata.
33Y pondrás el velo debajo de los corchetes, y meterás allí, del velo adentro, el arca del testimonio; y aquel velo os hará separación entre el lugar santo y el santísimo.
34Pondrás el propiciatorio sobre el arca del testimonio en el lugar santísimo.
35Y pondrás la mesa fuera del velo, y el candelero enfrente de la mesa al lado sur del tabernáculo; y pondrás la mesa al lado del norte.
36Harás para la puerta del tabernáculo una cortina de azul, púrpura, carmesí y lino torcido, obra de recamador.
37Y harás para la cortina cinco columnas de madera de acacia, las cuales cubrirás de oro, con sus capiteles de oro; y fundirás cinco basas de bronce para ellas.
ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY
Versículo 1
I. Thou shalt make the tabernacle - משכן mischan, from שכן shachan, to dwell, means simply a dwellin…
Versículo 7
II. Curtains of goats' hair - Stuff made of goats' hair. See Clarke's note on Exo 25:4. This was the …
Versículo 14
III. Rams' skins dyed red - See Clarke's note on Exo 25:5. This was the third covering; and what is ca…
Versículo 15
IV. Thou shalt make boards - These formed what might be called the walls of the tabernacle, and were …
Versículo 16
V. Ten cubits shall be the length of a board - Each of these boards or planks was about five yards a…
Versículo 29
VI. Thou shalt overlay the boards with gold - It is not said how thick the gold was by which these bo…
Versículo 31
VII. Thou shalt make a veil - פרכת parocheth, from פרך parach, to break or rend; the inner veil of the…
Versículo 32
VIII. Their hooks shall be of gold - וויהם vaveyhem, which we translate their hooks, is rendered κεφαλι…
Versículo 36
IX. A hanging for the door of the tent - This may be called the first veil, as it occupied the door o…