Antiguo Testamento

1 Samuel — Capítulo 26

The Ziphites inform Saul of David's hiding place, Sa1 26:1. Saul, with three thousand men, goes in pursuit of him, Sa1 26:2, Sa1 26:3. David sends out spies; and finds where Saul had pitched his camp; and he and Abish…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Vinieron los zifeos a Saúl en Gabaa, diciendo: ¿No está David escondido en el collado de Haquila, al oriente del desierto?

2Saúl entonces se levantó y descendió al desierto de Zif, llevando consigo tres mil hombres escogidos de Israel, para buscar a David en el desierto de Zif.

3Y acampó Saúl en el collado de Haquila, que está al oriente del desierto, junto al camino. Y estaba David en el desierto, y entendió que Saúl le seguía en el desierto.

4David, por tanto, envió espías, y supo con certeza que Saúl había venido.

5Y se levantó David, y vino al sitio donde Saúl había acampado; y miró David el lugar donde dormían Saúl y Abner hijo de Ner, general de su ejército. Y estaba Saúl durmiendo en el campamento, y el pueblo estaba acampado en derredor de él.

6Entonces David dijo a Ahimelec heteo y a Abisai hijo de Sarvia, hermano de Joab: ¿Quién descenderá conmigo a Saúl en el campamento? Y dijo Abisai: Yo descenderé contigo.

7David, pues, y Abisai fueron de noche al ejército; y he aquí que Saúl estaba tendido durmiendo en el campamento, y su lanza clavada en tierra a su cabecera; y Abner y el ejército estaban tendidos alrededor de él.

8Entonces dijo Abisai a David: Hoy ha entregado Dios a tu enemigo en tu mano; ahora, pues, déjame que le hiera con la lanza, y lo enclavaré en la tierra de un golpe, y no le daré segundo golpe.

9Y David respondió a Abisai: No le mates; porque ¿quién extenderá su mano contra el ungido de Jehová, y será inocente?

10Dijo además David: Vive Jehová, que si Jehová no lo hiriere, o su día llegue para que muera, o descendiendo en batalla perezca,

11guárdeme Jehová de extender mi mano contra el ungido de Jehová. Pero toma ahora la lanza que está a su cabecera, y la vasija de agua, y vámonos.

12Se llevó, pues, David la lanza y la vasija de agua de la cabecera de Saúl, y se fueron; y no hubo nadie que viese, ni entendiese, ni velase, pues todos dormían; porque un profundo sueño enviado de Jehová había caído sobre ellos.

13Entonces pasó David al lado opuesto, y se puso en la cumbre del monte a lo lejos, habiendo gran distancia entre ellos.

14Y dio voces David al pueblo, y a Abner hijo de Ner, diciendo: ¿No respondes, Abner? Entonces Abner respondió y dijo: ¿Quién eres tú que gritas al rey?

15Y dijo David a Abner: ¿No eres tú un hombre? ¿y quién hay como tú en Israel? ¿Por qué, pues, no has guardado al rey tu señor? Porque uno del pueblo ha entrado a matar a tu señor el rey.

16Esto que has hecho no está bien. Vive Jehová, que sois dignos de muerte, porque no habéis guardado a vuestro señor, al ungido de Jehová. Mira pues, ahora, dónde está la lanza del rey, y la vasija de agua que estaba a su cabecera.

17Y conociendo Saúl la voz de David, dijo: ¿No es esta tu voz, hijo mío David? Y David respondió: Mi voz es, rey señor mío.

18Y dijo: ¿Por qué persigue así mi señor a su siervo? ¿Qué he hecho? ¿Qué mal hay en mi mano?

19Ruego, pues, que el rey mi señor oiga ahora las palabras de su siervo. Si Jehová te incita contra mí, acepte él la ofrenda; mas si fueren hijos de hombres, malditos sean ellos en presencia de Jehová, porque me han arrojado hoy para que no tenga parte en la heredad de Jehová, diciendo: Ve y sirve a dioses ajenos.

20No caiga, pues, ahora mi sangre en tierra delante de Jehová, porque ha salido el rey de Israel a buscar una pulga, así como quien persigue una perdiz por los montes.

21Entonces dijo Saúl: He pecado; vuélvete, hijo mío David, que ningún mal te haré más, porque mi vida ha sido estimada preciosa hoy a tus ojos. He aquí yo he hecho neciamente, y he errado en gran manera.

22Y David respondió y dijo: He aquí la lanza del rey; pase acá uno de los criados y tómela.

23Y Jehová pague a cada uno su justicia y su lealtad; pues Jehová te había entregado hoy en mi mano, mas yo no quise extender mi mano contra el ungido de Jehová.

24Y he aquí, como tu vida ha sido estimada preciosa hoy a mis ojos, así sea mi vida a los ojos de Jehová, y me libre de toda aflicción.

25Y Saúl dijo a David: Bendito eres tú, hijo mío David; sin duda emprenderás tú cosas grandes, y prevalecerás. Entonces David se fue por su camino, y Saúl se volvió a su lugar.

ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY

Versículo 1

I. The Ziphites came - This is the second time that these enemies of David endeavored to throw him i…

The Ziphites came - This is the second time that these enemies of David endeavored to throw him into the hands of Saul. See Sa1 23:19.

Versículo 2

II. Three thousand chosen men - Though they knew that David was but six hundred strong, yet Saul thou…

Three thousand chosen men - Though they knew that David was but six hundred strong, yet Saul thought it was not safe to pursue such an able general with a less force than that mentioned in the text; and, that he might the better depend on them, they were all elect or picked men out of the whole of his army.

Versículo 5

III. David arose - As David and his men knew the country, they had many advantages over Saul and his m…

David arose - As David and his men knew the country, they had many advantages over Saul and his men; and no doubt could often watch them without being discovered. Saul lay in the trench - The word במעגל bammaegal, which we translate in the trench, and in the margin in the midst of his carriages, is rendered by some in a ring of carriages, and by others in the circle, i.e., which was formed by his troops. Luther himself translates it wagenburg, a fortress formed of wagons or carriages. As עגל agal signifies any thing round, it may here refer to a round pavilion or tent made for Saul, or else to the form of his camp. The Arabs, to the present day, always form a circle in their encampments, and put their principal officers in the center.

Versículo 6

IV. Abishai the son of Zeruiah - She was David's sister; and therefore Abishai and Joab were nephews …

Abishai the son of Zeruiah - She was David's sister; and therefore Abishai and Joab were nephews to David.

Versículo 8

V. God hath delivered thine enemy into thine hand - Here Abishai uses the same language as did David…

God hath delivered thine enemy into thine hand - Here Abishai uses the same language as did David's men, when Saul came into the cave at En-gedi, (see Sa1 24:4, etc.), and David uses the same language in reply.

Versículo 10

VI. The Lord shall smite him - He shall die by a stroke of the Divine judgment; or his day shall come…

The Lord shall smite him - He shall die by a stroke of the Divine judgment; or his day shall come to die - he shall die a natural death; which in the course of things must be before mine, and thus I shall get rid of mine enemy; or he shall descend into the battle, and perish - he shall fall by the enemies of his country. These are the three ordinary ways by which man accomplishes, as a hireling, his day. Murder David could not consider to be lawful; this would have been taking the matter out of God's hand, and this David would not do.

Versículo 12

VII. David took the spear and the cruse - The spear, we have already seen, was the emblem of power and…

David took the spear and the cruse - The spear, we have already seen, was the emblem of power and regal dignity. But it is usual, in Arab camps, for every man to have his lance stuck in the ground beside him, that he may be ready for action in a moment. The cruse of water resembled, in some measure, the canteens of our soldiers. In such a climate, where water was always scarce, it was necessary for each man to carry a little with him, to refresh him on his march. A deep sleep from the Lord - It is the same word which is used, Gen 2:21, to describe the sleep which God caused to fall upon Adam, when he formed Eve out of his side.

Versículo 15

VIII. Art not thou a valiant man? - This is a strong irony. Ye are worthy to die; ye are sons of death …

Art not thou a valiant man? - This is a strong irony. Ye are worthy to die; ye are sons of death - ye deserve death for this neglect of your king. And had not Saul been so deeply affected with David's generosity in preserving his life, he had doubtless put Abner and his chief officers to death; though they were not to blame, as their apparent neglect was the effect of a supernatural sleep.

Versículo 19

IX. Let him accept an offering - If God have stirred thee up against me, why, then, let him deliver m…

Let him accept an offering - If God have stirred thee up against me, why, then, let him deliver my life into thy hand, and accept it as a sacrifice. But as the word is מנחה minchah, a gratitude-offering, perhaps the sense may be this: Let God accept a gratitude-offering from thee, for having purged the land of a worker of iniquity; for, were I not such, God would never stir thee up against me. But if they be the children of men - If men have, by false representations, lies, and slanders, stirred thee up against an innocent man, then let them be cursed before the Lord. If I am guilty, I deserve to die; if not, those who seek my life should be destroyed. Saying, Go, serve other gods - His being obliged to leave the tabernacle, and the place where the true worship of God was performed, and take refuge among idolaters, said in effect, Go, serve other gods.

Versículo 20

X. As when one doth hunt a partridge - It is worthy of remark that the Arabs, observing that partrid…

As when one doth hunt a partridge - It is worthy of remark that the Arabs, observing that partridges, being put up several times, soon become so weary as not to be able to fly; they in this manner hunt them upon the mountains, till at last they can knock them down with their clubs. It was in this manner that Saul hunted David, coming hastily upon him, and putting him up from time to time, in hopes that he should at length, by frequent repetitions of it, be able to destroy him. See Harmer.

Versículo 21

XI. I have sinned - Perhaps the word חטאתי chatathi, "I have sinned," should be read, I have erred, o…

I have sinned - Perhaps the word חטאתי chatathi, "I have sinned," should be read, I have erred, or, have been mistaken. I have taken thee to be a very different man from what I find thee to be. Taken literally it was strictly true. He often purposed the spilling of David's blood; and thus, again and again, sinned against his life.

Versículo 25

XII. Thou shalt both do great things, and also shalt still prevail. - The Hebrew is גם עשה תעשה וגם יכ…

Thou shalt both do great things, and also shalt still prevail. - The Hebrew is גם עשה תעשה וגם יכל תוכל gam asoh thaaseh, vegam yachol tuchal; "Also in doing thou shalt do, and being able thou shalt be able; which the Targum translates, also in reigning thou shalt reign, and in prospering thou shalt prosper; which in all probability is the meaning. There is a vast deal of dignity in this speech of David, arising from a consciousness of his own innocence. He neither begs his life from Saul, nor offers one argument to prevail upon him to desist from his felonious attempts, but refers the whole matter to God, as the judge and vindicator of oppressed innocence. Saul himself is speechless, except in the simple acknowledgment of his sin; and in the behalf of their king not one of his officers has one word to say! It is strange that none of them offered now to injure the person of David; but they saw that he was most evidently under the guardian care of God, and that their master was apparently abandoned by him. Saul invites David to return, but David knew the uncertainty of Saul's character too well to trust himself in the power of this infatuated king. How foolish are the counsels of men against God! When he undertakes to save, who can destroy? And who can deliver out of his hands?

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