Antiguo Testamento

1 Samuel — Capítulo 19

Jonathan pleads for David before Saul, who is for the present reconciled, Sa1 19:1-7. David defeats the Philistines; and Saul becomes again envious, and endeavors to slay him, but he escapes, Sa1 19:8-10. Saul sends m…

Versión

Texto — Reina-Valera 1960

1Habló Saúl a Jonatán su hijo, y a todos sus siervos, para que matasen a David; pero Jonatán hijo de Saúl amaba a David en gran manera,

2y dio aviso a David, diciendo: Saúl mi padre procura matarte; por tanto cuídate hasta la mañana, y estate en lugar oculto y escóndete.

3Y yo saldré y estaré junto a mi padre en el campo donde estés; y hablaré de ti a mi padre, y te haré saber lo que haya.

4Y Jonatán habló bien de David a Saúl su padre, y le dijo: No peque el rey contra su siervo David, porque ninguna cosa ha cometido contra ti, y porque sus obras han sido muy buenas para contigo;

5pues él tomó su vida en su mano, y mató al filisteo, y Jehová dio gran salvación a todo Israel. Tú lo viste, y te alegraste; ¿por qué, pues, pecarás contra la sangre inocente, matando a David sin causa?

6Y escuchó Saúl la voz de Jonatán, y juró Saúl: Vive Jehová, que no morirá.

7Y llamó Jonatán a David, y le declaró todas estas palabras; y él mismo trajo a David a Saúl, y estuvo delante de él como antes.

8Después hubo de nuevo guerra; y salió David y peleó contra los filisteos, y los hirió con gran estrago, y huyeron delante de él.

9Y el espíritu malo de parte de Jehová vino sobre Saúl; y estando sentado en su casa tenía una lanza a mano, mientras David estaba tocando.

10Y Saúl procuró enclavar a David con la lanza a la pared, pero él se apartó de delante de Saúl, el cual hirió con la lanza en la pared; y David huyó, y escapó aquella noche.

11Saúl envió luego mensajeros a casa de David para que lo vigilasen, y lo matasen a la mañana. Mas Mical su mujer avisó a David, diciendo: Si no salvas tu vida esta noche, mañana serás muerto.

12Y descolgó Mical a David por una ventana; y él se fue y huyó, y escapó.

13Tomó luego Mical una estatua, y la puso sobre la cama, y le acomodó por cabecera una almohada de pelo de cabra y la cubrió con la ropa.

14Y cuando Saúl envió mensajeros para prender a David, ella respondió: Está enfermo.

15Volvió Saúl a enviar mensajeros para que viesen a David, diciendo: Traédmelo en la cama para que lo mate.

16Y cuando los mensajeros entraron, he aquí la estatua estaba en la cama, y una almohada de pelo de cabra a su cabecera.

17Entonces Saúl dijo a Mical: ¿Por qué me has engañado así, y has dejado escapar a mi enemigo? Y Mical respondió a Saúl: Porque él me dijo: Déjame ir; si no, yo te mataré.

18Huyó, pues, David, y escapó, y vino a Samuel en Ramá, y le dijo todo lo que Saúl había hecho con él. Y él y Samuel se fueron y moraron en Naiot.

19Y fue dado aviso a Saúl, diciendo: He aquí que David está en Naiot en Ramá.

20Entonces Saúl envió mensajeros para que trajeran a David, los cuales vieron una compañía de profetas que profetizaban, y a Samuel que estaba allí y los presidía. Y vino el Espíritu de Dios sobre los mensajeros de Saúl, y ellos también profetizaron.

21Cuando lo supo Saúl, envió otros mensajeros, los cuales también profetizaron. Y Saúl volvió a enviar mensajeros por tercera vez, y ellos también profetizaron.

22Entonces él mismo fue a Ramá; y llegando al gran pozo que está en Secú, preguntó diciendo: ¿Dónde están Samuel y David? Y uno respondió: He aquí están en Naiot en Ramá.

23Y fue a Naiot en Ramá; y también vino sobre él el Espíritu de Dios, y siguió andando y profetizando hasta que llegó a Naiot en Ramá.

24Y él también se despojó de sus vestidos, y profetizó igualmente delante de Samuel, y estuvo desnudo todo aquel día y toda aquella noche. De aquí se dijo: ¿También Saúl entre los profetas?

ADAM CLARKE BIBLE COMMENTARY

Versículo 1

I. That they should kill David - Nothing less than the especial interposition of God could have save…

That they should kill David - Nothing less than the especial interposition of God could have saved David's life, when every officer about the king's person, and every soldier, had got positive orders to despatch him.

Versículo 2

II. Take heed to thyself until the morning - Perhaps the order was given to slay him the next day; an…

Take heed to thyself until the morning - Perhaps the order was given to slay him the next day; and therefore Jonathan charges him to be particularly on his guard at that time, and to hide himself.

Versículo 4

III. Jonathan spake good of David - It is evident that Jonathan was satisfied that David was an innoce…

Jonathan spake good of David - It is evident that Jonathan was satisfied that David was an innocent man; and that his father was most unjustly incensed against him.

Versículo 5

IV. For he did put his life in his hand - The pleadings in this verse, though short, are exceedingly …

For he did put his life in his hand - The pleadings in this verse, though short, are exceedingly cogent; and the argument is such as could not be resisted.

Versículo 6

V. He shall not be slain - In consequence of this oath, we may suppose he issued orders contrary to …

He shall not be slain - In consequence of this oath, we may suppose he issued orders contrary to those which he had given the preceding day.

Versículo 7

VI. He was in his presence, as in times past - By Jonathan's advice he had secreted himself on that d…

He was in his presence, as in times past - By Jonathan's advice he had secreted himself on that day on which he was to have been assassinated: the king having sworn that he should not be slain, David resumes his place in the palace of Saul.

Versículo 9

VII. And the evil spirit from the Lord - His envy and jealousy again returned, producing distraction o…

And the evil spirit from the Lord - His envy and jealousy again returned, producing distraction of mind, which was exacerbated by diabolic influence. See on Sa1 16:14 (note).

Versículo 10

VIII. But he slipped away - He found he could not trust Saul; and therefore was continually on his watc…

But he slipped away - He found he could not trust Saul; and therefore was continually on his watch. His agility of body was the means of his preservation at this time.

Versículo 11

IX. To slay him in the morning - When they might be able to distinguish between him and Michal his wi…

To slay him in the morning - When they might be able to distinguish between him and Michal his wife; for, had they attempted his life in the night season, there would have been some danger to Michal's life. Besides, Saul wished to represent him as a traitor; and consequently an attack upon him was justifiable at any time, even in the fullest daylight.

Versículo 12

X. Let David down through a window - As Saul's messengers were sent to David's house to watch him, t…

Let David down through a window - As Saul's messengers were sent to David's house to watch him, they would naturally guard the gate, or lie in wait in that place by which David would come out. Michal, seeing this let him down to the ground through a window probably at the back part of the house; and there being neither entrance nor issue that way, the liers in wait were easily eluded.

Versículo 13

XI. Michal took an image - את התרפים eth hatteraphim, the teraphim. The Hebrew word appears to mean a…

Michal took an image - את התרפים eth hatteraphim, the teraphim. The Hebrew word appears to mean any kind of image, in any kind of form, as a representative of some reality. Here it must have been something in the human form; because it was intended to represent a man lying in bed indisposed. A pillow of goats' hair - Perhaps she formed the appearance of a sick man's head muffled up by this pillow or bag of goats' hair. So I think the original might be understood. The goats' hair was merely accidental; unless we could suppose that it was designed to represent the hair of David's head, which is not improbable.

Versículo 17

XII. Let me go; why should I kill thee? - That is, If thou do not let me go, I will kill thee. This sh…

Let me go; why should I kill thee? - That is, If thou do not let me go, I will kill thee. This she said to excuse herself to her father: as a wife she could do not less than favor the escape of her husband, being perfectly satisfied that there was no guilt in him. It is supposed that it was on this occasion that David wrote the fifty-ninth Psalm, Deliver me from mine enemies, etc.

Versículo 18

XIII. David fled, and escaped - to Samuel - He, no doubt, came to this holy man to ask advice; and Samu…

David fled, and escaped - to Samuel - He, no doubt, came to this holy man to ask advice; and Samuel thought it best to retain him for the present, with himself at Naioth, where it is supposed he had a school of prophets.

Versículo 20

XIV. The company of the prophets prophesying - Employed in religious exercises.

The company of the prophets prophesying - Employed in religious exercises. Samuel - appointed over them - Being head or president of the school at this place. The Spirit of God was upon the messengers - They partook of the same influence, and joined in the same exercise; and thus were prevented from seizing David.

Versículo 23

XV. He went on, and prophesied - The Divine Spirit seemed to have seized him at the well of Sechu; an…

He went on, and prophesied - The Divine Spirit seemed to have seized him at the well of Sechu; and he went on from that prophesying - praying, singing praises, etc.; till he came to Naioth.

Versículo 24

16. He stripped off his clothes - Threw off his royal robes or military dress, retaining only his tun…

He stripped off his clothes - Threw off his royal robes or military dress, retaining only his tunic; and continued so all that day and all that night, uniting with the sons of the prophets in prayers, singing praises, and other religious exercises, which were unusual to kings and warriors; and this gave rise to the saying, Is Saul also among the prophets? By bringing both him and his men thus under a Divine influence, God prevented them from injuring the person of David. See the notes on Sa1 10:6 (note), etc.; and see my sermon on The Christian Prophet and his Work.

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